Introduction: Malaria remains a major public health concern, affecting resident and travellers to endemic areas. Severemalaria is a complication of infection that can lead to poor outcomes when late to be diagnosed. The use of artemisininRESEARCH22 VOL. 38 ISSUE 12, DECEMBER 2025derivatives or artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been reported to improve outcomes and survival in malaria patients. Methods: This was a descriptive study. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records ofpatients treated at RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar from 2019 to 2023. Descriptive analyses were conducted to summarize patient's characteristics, infection etiology, malaria severity, and treatment outcomes. Results: A total of37 malaria cases were treated at RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar between 2019 and 2023. The mean age of patients was 29.85 years, and the majority were male (78.37%). Plasmodium vivax was identified as the most commonetiologic agent, in 19 cases (51.35%), followed by Plasmodium falciparum in 17 cases (45.94%), and Plasmodium malariae in 1 case (2.7%). Severe malaria was diagnosed in 9 cases (24.32%), predominantly caused by P. falciparum (7 cases,94.5%). Jaundice and renal dysfunction were the most frequent clinical findings in severe malaria, seen in 7 (77.77%) and 4 (44.44%) cases, respectively. The most common treatment regimens were 3-day dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) plus 14-day primaquine in 10 patients (48.64%), and 3-day DHP plus 1-day primaquine in another 10 patients (27.02%).Intravenous artesunate followed by 3-day DHP and 3-day primaquine was administered to 7 patients (18.91%); artesunate followed by DHP and 1-day primaquine to 1 patient (2.7%), and artesunate followed by DHP alone to 1 patient (2.7%). Nodeaths were reported during treatment. Discussion: Severe malaria was identified in 9 out of 37 cases (24.3%), with P. vivax being the most common malaria species overall. Although severe malaria is typically associated with P. falciparumand P. vivax, this study also reported one severe case caused by P. malariae. Jaundice was the most common clinical presentation, often accompanied by renal impairment. All patients received artemisinin-based combination therapy andachieved complete recovery at the end of treatment. Conclusion: Severe malaria occurred in one-quarter of malariacases, with P. falciparum being the most frequent cause. Jaundice and renal dysfunction were the most common clinical manifestations. All patients recovered and were discharged from the hospital.
This study was conducted to analyze the learning approaches used in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the elementary school level and their role in shaping students’ religious character. The research was motivated by the ongoing gap between students’ mastery of religious knowledge and the internalization of Islamic values in daily life, as many students achieve high academic scores in PAI but still display behaviors that are inconsistent with Islamic teachings. Using a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, the study involved 120 students from three elementary schools MI Madani, MIS Al-Bashirah, and SD Inpres Mannurukki. Quantitative data were obtained from PAI learning outcomes, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and classroom observations to provide contextual insights into the quantitative findings. The quantitative analysis showed no statistically significant correlation (p > 0.05) between PAI learning outcomes and students’ achievements in cognitive subjects such as mathematics and science. However, qualitative findings revealed that PAI teachers applied various strategies emphasizing value internalization, including storytelling, group discussions, reflective learning, and the “One Day One Verse” program, which successfully enhanced students’ enthusiasm, engagement, and moral awareness. These results indicate that PAI learning functions not only cognitively but also affectively and spiritually. In conclusion, reflective, contextual, and interactive learning approaches in PAI contribute substantially to developing students’ understanding and practice of Islamic values. The novelty of this study lies in integrating mixed-method evidence to demonstrate that the formation of religious character depends more on pedagogical approach and teacher commitment than on academic achievement alone. Therefore, strengthening teacher capacity and institutional support is essential to advancing holistic and value-based Islamic education.
Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect in neonates. Its association with congenital syphilis is rarely reported, although transplacental infection by Treponema pallidum can cause multisystem involvement.Objective: To report a case of VSD in a neonate with congenital syphilis and to document relevant clinical and diagnostic findings.Methods: A descriptive case report was conducted on a 14-day-old female neonate delivered via cesarean section to a mother with reactive syphilis and gestational hypertension. Congenital syphilis was confirmed by VDRL and TPHA serological testing. Clinical evaluation and echocardiography were performed to assess cardiac anomalies.Results: Echocardiography revealed a 7,6 mm VSD with bidirectional shunt involving the inlet, muscular, and subaortic regions. These findings provide a detailed description of structural heart involvement in a neonate with congenital syphilis, although a direct causal relationship cannot be established.Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early maternal syphilis screening and neonatal cardiac evaluation. The report serves as preliminary documentation for monitoring potential cardiac anomalies in neonates with congenital syphilis and encourages further investigation into possible clinical associations.
Introduction: Meniscal injury represents one of the most prevalent knee injuries observed in the athletic population, carrying a substantial risk of threatening career longevity. The selection between the two primary management strategies—partial meniscectomy or meniscal repair—presents a critical clinical dilemma, balancing the need for rapid recovery against the imperative of preserving long-term joint health. The specific characteristics of the tear, including its anatomical location (medial versus lateral) and its vascularization zone, are recognized as major determinants influencing the final functional outcome. Methods: This systematic review was rigorously executed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed across major electronic databases, including PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Springer, and Google Scholar. The search utilized a detailed set of Boolean keywords targeting the athlete population, meniscal repair interventions, comparisons with meniscectomy and tear location, and return-to-sport outcomes. Following the screening of 6,756 initial records, a total of 32 eligible studies were ultimately included in the final analysis. These studies involved athletes with arthroscopically or radiologically confirmed meniscal tears, explicitly reported recovery outcomes, and utilized appropriate study designs. Results: The findings demonstrate a clear difference in recovery timelines: Meniscectomy consistently enabled athletes to achieve a faster return to sport (RTS), typically within 1 to 4.3 months, compared to the longer duration required for meniscal repair (5.6–7.6 months). Despite this variance in timing, the overall return-to-sport rate was generally comparable between the two procedures, consistently falling within the range of 77% to 93%. Repair of the lateral meniscus is clinically favored due to its inherently superior healing potential. Conversely, the rate of repair failure exhibited significant variation contingent on the tear morphology, reaching up to 27.4% for specific patterns such as bucket-handle tears. The rates at which athletes successfully returned to their pre-injury performance level were broadly distributed (53.9% to 92.6%) and tended to be lower following complex interventions, such as meniscal allograft transplantation. Discussion: The evidence highlights a fundamental trade-off: the rapid functional recovery afforded by meniscectomy contrasts sharply with the long-term joint preservation advantages provided by meniscal repair. The optimal treatment strategy requires meticulous individualization, demanding careful consideration of the specific tear location (with repair strongly advocated for the lateral meniscus), the tear pattern, the athlete’s age, and their professional activity level. Furthermore, the systematic review established that accelerated rehabilitation protocols do not correlate with an increased risk of repair failure, thereby supporting the implementation of earlier functional recovery programs. Conclusion: The clinical management of meniscal tears in athletes should prioritize tissue preservation through meniscal repair whenever technically feasible, particularly in the context of lateral tears and for young athletes. Although this preservation approach mandates a longer period of rehabilitation, it constitutes a vital investment in the athlete’s long-term joint health and the sustainability of their athletic career.
Mud Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is a livestock that plays a role in the economy, social and cultural community, especially in Jembrana Regency, Bali. This study aims to determine the prevalence of trematode worm infections, especially Paramphistomum sp. worms, in Mud Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) used in the makepung tradition in Jembrana Regency. The study used an observational cross-sectional method. The sample used in this study was fresh feces with a total sample of 120 buffaloes collected from three sub-districts, namely Negara, Melaya, and Mendoyo. Sample testing was carried out at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University using sedimentation and Parfitt and Banks methods, then the data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed the prevalence of Paramphistomum sp. in mud buffalo was 8.33% (10/120). The Chi-square test showed that the risk factors of region, age, and maintenance management (stall system, type of stall floor, and stall cleanliness) in the statistical test had no relationship (P>0.05) with the prevalence. Meanwhile, the feed source category had a significant relationship (P<0.05). This study is can provide scientific information on the prevalence of Paramphistomum sp. infection as a basis for controlling parasitic diseases in Makepung buffalo in the Jembrana region.
