Fitness testing can support learning when pedagogically embedded, but public, graded enactment can expose students' bodies to comparison and judgement. Prior research documents negative experiences but does not explain why similar instances of low performance are interpreted as repairable, personally diminishing, or procedurally unfair. Guided by control-value theory and informed by attribution and self-conscious emotion research, this cross-sectional qualitative critical-incident study examined accounts from 30 undergraduates at three public universities in one western Chinese city. Mandarin semi-structured interviews were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis and a structured whole-dataset case summary. Fourteen focal incidents were primarily task-focused and repairable, 10 were person- or identity-directed, five were procedure-focused, and one was retained as a boundary case; these counts describe this sample rather than population prevalence. In participants' accounts, residual control, specific attributions, actionable feedback, and retesting accompanied anxiety and preparation. Public identity-laden commentary was described alongside shame, embarrassment, or loss of face and reported concealment, whereas opaque or inflexible procedures accompanied frustration and resistance. These associations were not deterministic: public performance could remain task-focused, and lower-visibility activity could preserve participation. Participants related incident meanings to self-reported post-event actions and anticipated participation; neither was observed or verified longitudinally. The study offers an incident-level account without making causal claims.
The ability to make rational and effective tactical decisions in the context of competitive game activity largely determines the appropriateness and effectiveness of football players' actions. In the scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical approaches predominate, which insufficiently reflect the specifics of competitive game activity of football players and do not take into account the characteristics of the manifestation of tactical thinking qualities underlying individual and group tactics of football players aged 13–14 years. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of an experimental methodology, based on the use of exercises with a creative nature of activity, on the effectiveness of tactical decisions made by 13–14-year-old football players in individual actions and group interactions. Research methods: theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, and methods of mathematical and statistical data processing. Research results indicate that the inclusion of exercises with a creative nature in the training process, based on the principles of problem-based learning and incorporating additional tasks and constraints, contributes to the improvement of the quality of football players' tactical decisions in competitive game conditions. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method as a pedagogical tool that enhances the quality of individual and group tactical decisions among 13–14-year-old football players.
В работе представлены антропометрические показатели мужчин 24-35 лет, занимающихся силовым фитнесом в зависимости от режима тренировки и сезона года. Было установлено, что улучшение показателей обхватных размеров тела пришлось на весенне-летний период. Анализ полученных результатов показал уменьшение обхвата талии и увеличение обхвата плеча как в расслабленном, так и напряженном состоянии, обхватов предплечья, бедра и голени.
Background and Objective: low back pain has a huge impact on the patient's quality of life and imposes an economic burden on healthcare systems. New possibilities for low back pain treatment have opened up with the implementation of shockwave therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of radial shockwave therapy on the lumbar spine mobility. Methods: a randomized controlled trial was conducted in 75 patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain complaints. Patients were randomized into two groups, depending on their treatment methods. Group I (n=36) received complex treatment with massage and exercise. Group II (n=39) received complex treatment with radial SWT, therapeutic exercise and massage. Flexion and lateroflexion of the lumbar spine were assessed during the study. Results: according to the data obtained, patients in both groups showed a positive trend by the end of the study in all measurements (p<0,05). Pairwise comparison of the results of groups I and II at each stage of the assessment revealed no statistically significant difference (p>0,05). Conclusion: shockwave therapy does not improve spine mobility in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Keywords: low back pain, shockwave therapy, spine mobility
