BACKGROUND: Patient safety is an important aspect of healthcare system. Owingto improper training, there is high mortality and morbidity involved in patient care in hospitals worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the patient safety culture awareness among healthcare professionals in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in different hospital settings following Institutional ethical Committee approval. The study sample comprised of 1800 healthcare professionals (physicians, dentist, nurses, patient care assistants, pharmacists, physiotherapists, and hospital administrators) selected using nonprobability convenient sampling method. Hospital survey on patient safety culture developed by Agency Healthcare Research Quality professionals was used which comprised of thirty questions grouped in 11 dimensions including supervisor’s/managerial expectations, actions promoting patient safety, organizational learning, continued improvement and hospital teamwork. Statistical analysis: The Pilot study was conducted using the SPSS Statistical tool software version 20.0 (IBM, NY) for testing the reliability of the questionnaire by usingthe Cronbach alpha test. The calculated sample size was found to be 100 for performing the pilot study. Cronbach alpha score of 0.734 was obtained which was indicative of study validity. Responses were recorded on 5-point Likert scale, i.e., 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither agree nor disagree, 4 = agree, and 5 = strongly agree). The Chi-square test/goodness of fittest was usedfor determination of statistical significance of qualitative variables, while Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for intergroup comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered to have statistical significance. RESULTS: The ‘hands off’ and transitions domain required demonstrated lower positive responses (35.56%). Higher positive responses were obtained from dimensions: teamwork within a unit (92.21%), organizational learning and continued improvement (89.49%), frequency of reported events (82.31%), and feedback and communication errors (69.19%). Least positive responses were obtained from two dimensions—(a) general perception (20.23%) and (b) nonpunitive response to errors (09.12%). On comparison between perception responses by use of‘Chi-square’ test, statistically significant difference (<0.05) was obtained between following variables—(a) perception regarding patient safety dimensions and position and (b) experience level of healthcare professionals. CONCLUSION: There is requirement of improvement in few domains to strengthen patient safety culture in India which can be done by means of training programs in hospitals.
Background: Visual impaired children have been generally reported to have poor oral health. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence guided videos versus other audio-visual aids on oral health status in visually impaired children. Materials and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a school for specially abled children after obtaining permission for conducting this study from institutional ethical committee and school authorities. This studycomprised100 visually impaired children aged between 8 to 15 years age belonging to both genders selected using randomization technique. Students were equally distributed in four groups which comprised of 25 subjects each: a) Group A: Students were given oral health education using pamphlets written in Braille, b) Group B: Subjects were trained using audios, c) Group C: Subjects were trained using combination of Braille pamphlets and audio and d) Group D: Children were trained using artificial intelligence guided videos. The study data was collected in three stages. In stage 1, assessment of knowledge regarding oral health was evaluated by means of a questionnaire written in Braille at baseline i.e., before conducting oral health education training. The clinical oral examination was performed at oral health status was assessed using the ‘oral hygiene index - Simplified’ (OHI-S) scores by recording plaque scores. In second stage, study participants received educational training on oral health regarding importance of good oral health and maintenance of oral hygiene, techniques for brushing, dental caries, periodontal health and fluoride use and in stage three, OHI-S scores were observed and recorded. A postintervention questionnaire was again distributed and responses were recorded after four weeks. Statistical analysis was performed by use of statistical software, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics 25.0 (IBM, NY, US). Descriptive statistics was done and Chi-square, Wilcoxon and post-hoc analytical tests were performed. Confidence interval was kept at 95% with P value < 0.05. Results: Statistically significant improvement in mean ± S.D. scores for OHI-S index and knowledge scores were obtained after providing oral health training to the children. Conclusion: Providing oral health education by any means has been demonstrated to improve oral health status as well as knowledge scores.
Enteroacoccus faecalis biofilms are a major cause of persistent endodontic infections and treatment failure. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic paste, simvastatin, propolis and chitosan against E. faecalis biofilms in extracted human teeth. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by colony-forming unit counts at the apical and middle thirds following medicament application. Chitosan showed the lowest bacterial counts and significantly greater antimicrobial efficacy than the other tested intracanal medicaments. Thus, data show chitosan as a promising biocompatible anti-biofilm agent for intracanal disinfection.
Introduction: Periodontal wound healing plays a crucial role following periodontal flap surgery; hence, a wellplanned approach is essential to promote optimal healing and achieve improved clinical outcomes. Objectives: To compare the adjunctive effect of injectable platelet rich fibrin (i-PRF), 970 nm diode laser on post-operative healing and clinical parameters in open flap debridement (OFD) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods: Ten patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis aged between 25-55 years were divided into three groups to assess different treatment modalities. Group A undergone OFD, Group B undergone OFD along with iPRF, Group C undergone OFD along with 970 nm diode laser. Patient-related parameters VAS score for pain and early wound healing score (EHS) for healing were evaluated at 24 hours, 3rd day- and 7th day- post-surgery. Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline, 1 month- and 3 months post-surgery. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that all parameters improved significantly across all treatment groups .Group C, treated with OFD along with the use of diode laser, showed substantial improvement in parameters such as VAS score, EHS, PPD and CAL over Group A, B. Conclusion: The present study found that adjunctive application of i-PRF, diode laser in OFD improved clinical outcomes as compared to OFD alone. However, findings of this study may need further validation on large sample size, longer duration and other outcomes in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Abstract Introduction: Oral health is an essential component of overall well-being and the general health of a child. Parents are the role models for their children, who can instil healthy preventive oral habits in them, provided they themselves have a good knowledge of dental diseases and their prevention. Thus, parents should master the preventive oral habits in their early lives. This would help in creating a beneficial effect on their child’s dental health as well. Aim: To evaluate oral health awareness in parents and its relationship with the dental health status of their children aged 6–12 years. Materials and Methods: The parents were a validated multiple-choice questionnaire, which focused on their level of awareness about oral health knowledge. Their knowledge was graded on a 2-point scale: grade 1-satisfactory, grade 2-unsatisfactory, for the ease of statistical analysis. Thorough clinical examination of their children was performed, and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) were detected according to dmft/DMFT index for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively. Finally, the relationship between parents’ awareness versus caries status of their children was assessed. Results: The mean dmft and DMFT was significantly higher for children whose parents were graded 2. Mean dmft score decreased from 6 to 11 years, while mean DMFT score increased from 7 to 12 years. Prevalence of caries in primary and permanent dentitions did not vary significantly, according to parents’ oral health knowledge. Conclusion: Parents’ knowledge can be one of the main key factors in preventing oral diseases and promoting the oral health of their children. Thus, there is a need to enhance dental health education activities, targeting parents, besides their children, so that appropriate strategies to prevent dental caries start at an early age.
