Seth Anandram Jaipuria College is a public college, affiliated to the University of Calcutta. It was inaugurated by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru in 1945 at 10, Raja Nabakrishna Street in North Kolkata. It runs three shifts: Morning, Day, and Evening. The college is serving society and the nation since its inception. The college offers both undergraduate and post-graduate courses in a number of subjects in the three streams of arts, science, and commerce. It runs three shifts- Morning, Day, and Evening. It is accredited with an (A) grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). This college serves the fundamental right of a human being, education, at a very affordable cost.The college offers both undergraduate and post-graduate courses in a number of subjects in the three streams of arts, science, and commerce..
We propose a three-compartment eco-epidemiological model in which prey experience fear from susceptible predators and may seek refuge, predator follows a modified Leslie–Gower growth. The predator population is divided into susceptible and infected class, with disease transmission occurring horizontally together with saturated treatment of infected class. We analyze positivity and boundedness, compute biologically feasible equilibria, and derive the basic reproduction number ( ℛ_0 ) along with conditions for local and global stability. Sensitivity is explored by partial rank correlation coefficient (PRCC) method; bifurcation behaviours are illustrated analytically and numerically. Furthermore, we formulate and numerically solve an optimal control problem aimed at minimizing infected predator biomass and treatment cost using the forward–backward sweep method. The results reveal that larger refuge size and stronger treatment efforts effectively reduce infection prevalence, while fear on prey species control by the refuge. Additionally, the system exhibits parameter-dependent bi-stability and multi-stability, as demonstrated through bifurcation diagrams.
In recent years, cooling has become essential for food preservation, modern comfort, and various cryogen-based cutting-edge technologies. Traditional cooling systems primarily rely on the Joule-Thomson effect, which is inefficient to meet the rapidly growing global demand and often utilizes environmentally harmful gases. In this scenario the magnetocaloric effect has emerged as a promising alternative in both of these respects; however, its application is limited by the high cost and limited stability of the working magnetic materials. Oxide materials, despite being low-cost and air-stable, typically exhibit low relative cooling power as documented in the literature and derived through conventional methods. We have introduced a novel measurement protocol that significantly enhances the magnetocaloric effect and relative cooling power, offering a new perspective on the numerous magnetic materials already reported, as well as future materials. In Sm0.50Ca0.15Sr0.35MnO3, the proposed measurement protocol yielding a similar to 16-fold enhancement in the magnetocaloric effect and an similar to 440% increase in the relative cooling power. Our findings represent a significant advancement for magnetic refrigeration technology.
The gutbrain axis reflects a complicated two, way communication network connecting the gastrointestinal microbiota with the central nervous system via neural, immune, endocrine, and metabolic pathways. More andmore evidence is showing that metabolites produced by gut microbiota are essential players in the regulationof neurotransmitter synthesis and neurophysiological homeostasis, which in turn affects the development andprogression of neurodegenerative diseases. Here is a brief summary of the review article, the paper reviews andconsolidates current understanding of a number of microbial metabolites, such as short, chain fatty acids, tryptophan, derived compounds, bile acid derivatives, and neurotransmitter precursors, and it also studies their contributions to neurotransmitter modulation and neurodegenerative disease pathways. A thorough reviewof themost recent animal and human experiments shows that microbial imbalance correlates with disrupted metabolitepatterns, faulty neurotransmitter function, elevated neuroinflammation, and weakened bloodbrain barrier inAlzheimers disease and Parkinsons disease, among others. The micro, level study reveals howmicrobial metabolites influence microglial activation, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction, and protein misfolding, thuspointing to the systemic character of neurodegenerative illnesses. On the other hand, therapeutic approachesaimed at the gut microbiota, e.g., through changes in diet, antioxidant intake, targeted nutrition, and microbiome, related therapies, are quite effective in re, establishing metabolic homeostasis and decreasing the progressionof neurodegeneration. Overall, the scientific literature points to the gutbrain axis as a main factor in neurological health and a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Unraveling microbiota, driven metabolic signalingmechanisms could lead to new, individualized approaches for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
The CRISPR, Cas genome editing platform has revolutionised modern biomedical science offeringthe possibility to precisely and programmably modify the genome. Derived from the adaptive immune systemsof bacteria and archaea, CRISPR, Cas machinery has been ingeniously reconfigured to achieve DNAand RNAediting with record efficiency and versatility. This article delivers a detailed exposition of the molecular bases of CRISPR, Cas, based technologies and tracks their journey from a simple study of bacterial metabolismtothedevelopment of highly sophisticated therapeutic agents. We cover the range of CRISPR systemfunctionality, with Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, base editors, prime editors, and the latest transposon, associated editors, eachcontrasted for their mechanisms of action and relevance to biomedicine. The review also takes a close lookat different techniques for delivering CRISPR ingredients nowadays and pits viral against non, viral deliverymethods in terms of their efficiency, specificity, and safety aspects. Brainstorming issues for therapy like off, target effects, immune responses, and delivery obstacles in living organisms (in vivo) are highlighted. The useof gene, editing tools discusses various diseases such as a cancer, single, gene disorders, infectious diseases, andimmune system diseases and the results of animal studies as well as human trials are evidenced. Thecombination of more efficient guide RNA, the use of high, fidelity Cas variants, and the development of transient editing systems, has marked a substantial move forward in increasing the accuracy and minimizingtheunintended genomic changes. In summary, this review sheds light on how quickly the CRISPR, Castechnologies matured and how their role in precision medicine keeps growing. To tap into the full clinical potential of CRISPR, based gene therapies, it will be crucial to keep innovating in editing accuracy, deliverysystems, and regulatory frameworks.
Climate change is a potent ethical and political challenge that in fact raises issues of justice, responsibility, and governance way beyond environmental degradation. The paper thus takes a fresh look at thepolitical philosophy of climate justice through a combination of ethical frameworks, social movement mobilization, and transnational policy agreements. Based on a qualitative interpretive analysis of interdisciplinary climate justice scholarship, the article investigates the extent to which normative theories of justice determine political demands, how these demands are transformed into collective action by transnational social movements, and how international climate governance frameworks respond to them. The results showthat the discourse on climate justice has shifted from a simple distributive one to a more pluralistic emphasis onrecognition, participation, and accountability. The transnational climate justice movements are instrumental inthe advancement of these ethical values by adopting inclusive framing tactics that connect climate change withother social and economic justice issues. However, the analysis also reveals that justice, driven demands havevery limited possibilities for advancement in current international climate regimes where market, basedinstruments and state, centric negotiations are still mainly determining the policy outcomes. The piece contendsthat climate justice has been very effective in changing the moral language of climate politics but, at the sametime, its radical potential is being held back by the existing power structures in global governance frameworks. This research, which combines political philosophy with movement and policy analysis, is a contributiontodelineating capital justice as a politically dynamic and deeply divided project and points out that in order tohavemore just and democratic climate responses structural changes are necessary.
