Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management

Liver cancer and multidrug-resistant bacterial infections pose significant health challenges, highlighting the urgent need for multifunctional therapeutics. In this study, a TiO₂ nanocomposite co-doped with strontium (Sr) and cobalt (Co) and surface-functionalized with folic acid (TiO₂SrCoFA) nanocomposite was synthesized via a hydrothermal method followed by post-synthesis FA functionalization. XRD confirmed the anatase phase, with reduced crystallite size for TiO₂SrCoFA, while TEM showed spherical, uniformly dispersed nanoparticles ( 23 nm) with no agglomeration. DLS revealed a hydrodynamic diameter of 138.6 nm, and XPS/FTIR confirmed Sr, Co, and FA incorporation. Optical studies (UV-Vis and PL) indicated electronic modifications conducive to ROS generation. TiO₂SrCoFA exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium), Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris), and Candida albicans. Antioxidant assays demonstrated concentration-dependent scavenging (28–83

With the rapid advancement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), there is an essential need to design and engineer a lead-free perovskite absorber that can deliver the higher power conversion efficiency (PCE). In addition, selection of an appropriate electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) with perovskite absorber and understand the transfer kinetics is a challenging task. In the present work, a comprehensive numerical study of lead-free CsGeI3-based perovskite absorber was performed to investigate influence of various parameters on overall response of PSCs. The various device configurations are tested and optimized. Under initial conditions, the PSCs with C60 as ETL significantly suppressed those of traditional ETL TiO2, SnO2, PCBM and IGZO based PSC devices, delivering the PCE of 6.87% for CuSCN HTL, in contrast to 5.04% with TiO2 based devices. The systematic optimization of various physical parameters the minimizing interfacial recombination and ensuring carrier selectivity are essential to achieved the remarkable device efficiency. The fully optimized PSCs with cell configuration of FTO/C60/CsGeI3/CuSCN/Au delivered the maximum PCE of 26.10%, with VOC of 1.26 V, JSC of 24.21 mA/cm2, and FF of 85.63%. The obtained results highlight the efficacy of transport layer engineering in achieving high-efficiency, environmentally friendly lead-free PSCs.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a critical biomarker involved in oxidative stress and enzymatic pathways, necessitating sensitive and portable detection strategies for biomedical and point-of-care (POC) applications. In this work, we present a comparative study of two chemiluminescence (CL) methodologies on a miniaturized 3-D-printed microfluidic chip: catalyst-assisted CL using cobalt chloride hexahydrate and electro-generated chemiluminescence (ECL) at a graphite electrode. The cobalt-catalyzed CL method provided higher signal output about 85-90 a.u. with a linear range of 0.1-0.9 mm, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0131 mm (13 mu M), and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.043 mm (43 mu M). In contrast, graphite electrode-based ECL achieved linear detection range 0.4-0.9 mm, an LOD of 0.036 mm (36 mu M), and an LOQ of 0.120 mm (120 mu M). The time analysis further revealed rapid emission and falloff kinetics, necessary for accurate quantification. The experimental results highlight the tradeoff between catalyst driven CL and electrogenerated ECL, offering valuable insights for the design of compact and reliable biosensing platforms.

Ensuring real-time security in smart environments is a critical challenge as conventional CCTV monitoring often suffers from delayed responses and operator fatigue. This paper presents WatchGuard, an intelligent Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for smart surveillance, built on the YOLOv5 deep learning framework for automated human detection and alert generation. The YOLOv5s model is fine-tuned on a CCTV-specific dataset to achieve robust performance under varying illumination and camera conditions. The system integrates a modular detection pipeline with a Telegram Bot for instant, evidence-based notifications and a Tkinter-based graphical interface for configuring video inputs and regions of interest. Supporting local webcams, offline feeds, and remote streams via an NVIDIA Jetson Nano, WatchGuard demonstrates flexibility across IoT-based surveillance scenarios. Experimental results show a precision of 0.971, recall of 0.789, and an mAP@0.5 of 0.885, achieving real-time performance at about 20 frames per second with minimal alert latency. This work contributes a scalable and deployable smart surveillance framework that bridges deep learning research, IoT integration, and practical security informatics.

Rapid and low‑volume analytical tools are needed to support on‑site milk quality screening. This study presents a microliter droplet‑based image colorimetry platform for quantifying three common milk adulterants—water dilution, urea, and alkali neutralizers (alkalinity response). Milk droplets (5–20 µL) deposited on hydrophobic substrates were imaged under controlled illumination, and optical descriptors including grayscale luminance, apparent absorbance from the p‑DMAB reaction, and chromatic ratios from phenolphthalein‑induced color shifts were extracted. Water dilution produced a strong inverse linear trend (R² ≈ 0.98), with detection possible above ~ 17% dilution. Urea quantification showed a linear response (R² ≈ 0.96) with LOD = 0.174% and LOQ = 0.527%, while alkali neutralizers yielded a robust chromatic response (R² > 0.94) with LOD = 0.081%. Predicted concentrations for unknown samples deviated by only 7–16% from reference spectrophotometric values. The method requires no spectrophotometer or specialized fabrication, and offers simple, low‑cost, and rapid screening capability for routine dairy quality assessment, particularly in resource‑limited settings.