Taxonomic uncertainty is prevalent across many biological groups. Yet, it remains overlooked in ecology, evolution, and conservation, leading to potential misinterpretations of biodiversity patterns. Here, we argue that this uncertainty emerges from the interaction between biological processes shaping natural lineages and human efforts to name and classify them. Based on this, we propose a set of metrics to quantify confidence in species boundaries and to track the history of taxonomic change and stability. We show how these metrics can be embedded into biodiversity analyses, from mapping uncertainty across taxa and geographic regions to assigning weights to species and deriving more realistic error ranges in ecological models. Making taxonomic uncertainty explicit advances biodiversity science and strengthens conservation decisions.
This study aims to evaluate, through a longitudinal research, the association between lifestyle habits, modifiable risk behaviors, and mental health with quality of life (QoL) among professionals of the Federal Network of Professional, Scientific, and Technological Education (education professionals) in Brazil. A total of 600 professionals (including teachers and administrative technicians) were longitudinally evaluated in 2022 and 2023. Four validated questionnaires were used: the WHOQOL-bref to assess quality of life (QoL), the DASS-21 for mental health, the Back-PEI for physical activity, and PeNSE for dietary markers. The statistical analysis included Relative Risk ( RR ) tests and adjusted analysis using a Poisson regression model with robust variance. The main findings indicate that women exhibit poorer QoL in the physical domain ( RRadj = 1.19, p = 0.005) and psychological domain ( RRadj = 1.14, p = 0.045). Being employed and over 60 years old is a protective factor for QoL in the psychological domain ( RRadj = 0.67; p < 0.05). The regular consumption of ultraprocessed foods is a risk factor for QoL all domains ( RRadj > 1.15, p < 0.05). Irregular consumption of vegetables/greens ( RRadj > 1.11, p < 0.05) and fruits ( RRadj > 1.10, p < 0.05) indicated a risk of low QoL. Participants with low frequency or no physical activity had a higher risk of worse quality of life scores across all domains ( RRadj > 1.20; p < 0.001). Exposure to television for 5 hours or more during the day was a risk factor for low QoL in the physical domain ( RRadj = 1.33, p = 0.005) and social relationships ( RRadj = 1.32, p = 0.003). Computer use was not associated with QoL (p > 0.05). Higher frequency of alcohol consumption was associated with higher scores in the social relationships domain ( RRadj = 0.83, p = 0.037). Regarding mental health, depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms were associated with low QoL across all domains ( RRadj > 1.33, p < 0.01) in both men and women. The results of this longitudinal study may encourage healthier lifestyle habits and support public policies aimed at improving the well-being of education professionals.
Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor ligands have attracted the attention of medicinal chemists for the last half-century, first as hallucinogens and later for their antipsychotic, appetite suppressant, antiaddictive and antidepressant potential. Unlike the very potent N-benzylphenethylamine derivatives that include the abundantly studied NBOMe drugs, N-benzyltryptamines have garnered little attention as potentially psychedelic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor ligands, and none as possible leads for the development of novel agents for the treatment of cognitive disorders, substance abuse, or depression. Here, we have synthesized two parallel sets of 22 tryptamine and 22 5-methoxytryptamine derivatives bearing different unsubstituted and ortho-, meta-, or para-substituted N-benzyl substituents, and assayed them for their affinities and potencies at the serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors under identical conditions for each receptor subtype. In this way, we have obtained highly comparable data allowing QSAR analysis to be performed which clearly showed the favorable effects of meta- and the unfavorable effects of para-substitution of the benzyl moiety. Considering the electronic and volumetric properties of the substituents, their effects could be attributed respectively to beneficial van der Waals forces in the meta position and steric clashes of para substituents.
OBJECTIVE:To map the scientific evidence concerning the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and immunization among Community Health Workers (CHWs) worldwide. METHOD:A scoping review was conducted using the LILACS, Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and Scopus databases, as well as grey literature (Google Scholar, Pro-Quest), employing the recommendations of PRISMA-ScR (extension for scoping review) and the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual. RESULTS:Eleven studies were included, all conducted in Brazil and without parameterization of the outcome measure. The estimated prevalence of HBV infection ranged from 8.2% to 11.1%, while vaccination coverage varied between 41% and 88.8%. Only one study used the anti-HBs serological marker to assess immunization, estimating that 71.6% of community health workers were immunized. Two additional studies were based on self-reported anti-HBs, with prevalences of 30.0% and 30.2%. CONCLUSION:The overall estimate of HBV infection prevalence and immunization among community health workers could not be determined due to the scarcity and geographical limitations of existing studies, as well as the measurements deparameterization.
A cultura do milho é afetada pela interferência das plantas daninhas devido a competição por nutrientes, luz, água e espaço. Além disso, o manejo químico ou mecânico também pode comprometer a produtividade da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar se o revolvimento superficial do solo com uso de enxada mecânica manual interfere no desenvolvimento das plantas de milho e na produção de grãos, de acordo com os períodos de matocompetição ao longo do ciclo, quando comparado ao controle químico das plantas daninhas realizado com enxada química com o herbicida glyphosate. O experimento foi instalado no sistema de plantio direto no município de Jataí-GO no ano agrícola 2021/22. Foi adotado o delineamento de blocos casualisados em esquema fatorial 2x4, no qual os tratamentos foram constituídos pela combinação dos métodos de manejo (enxada mecânica e enxada química) em diferentes épocas de manejo (10, 20, 30 e 60 dias após a semeadura - DAS) Na enxada química foi utilizado o herbicida glyphosate na proporção 5:1. As variáveis avaliadas foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmo, número de fileiras por espiga, número de grãos por fileira, comprimento e diâmetro de espigas e produtividade de grãos. O manejo químico reduziu o diâmetro de colmo, comprimento e diâmetro das espigas de milho, contudo não houve diferença de produtividade em relação ao uso da enxada manual. Pode-se concluir que a capina mecânica não traz prejuízos às características fitotécnicas da cultura. A produtividade de grãos diminui com o atraso na época de controle das plantas daninhas.
