This study aimed to present the development of a practical guide for Elementary Dermatological Lesions, intended for physicians, residents, and medical students. The practical guide seeks to improve the management of dermatological conditions, increasing the resolution of cases in Primary Health Care and reducing unnecessary referrals to Specialized Care. This is a methodological study focused on the development of an educational product, which included literature review, guide construction, content validation by experts, and evaluation by the target audience. The guide was developed using freeware, accessible offline, considering that some health units still lack such resources. For content validation, the Instrument for Validation of Educational Content in Health was used. For the target audience evaluation, an adapted instrument was applied, addressing objectives, structure/presentation, relevance, and appearance. The results showed a content validation coefficient of 0.97. The target audience recognized the utility of the material, highlighting its objectivity, visual quality, and practical applicability. It is concluded that the validated guide is an innovative resource for qualifying care, contributing to improved assistance, patient safety, and optimization of referral flow, in alignment with medical education guidelines and health system demands.
BACKGROUND:Long COVID is a complex condition with diverse symptoms, lacking specific diagnostic or therapeutic tools. Although vaccination reduces the risk of severe COVID-19, its role in preventing long COVID, particularly through booster doses, remains limited. This study assessed the impact of first and second booster doses and identified long COVID risk factors. METHODS:We conducted a multicenter observational study with a cross-sectional analysis of participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pre-Omicron and Omicron epidemiological periods. Both periods included mixed populations of healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs, with HCWs representing 86% of all participants. The study included five medical centers in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Clinical data and long COVID symptoms were collected through a single standardized electronic questionnaire sent to all eligible participants. Predictors of long COVID were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS:A total of 2033 participants were included, and 67% (1370) reported long COVID symptoms. Independent risk factors included female sex (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.81-2.79, p < 0.001), the presence of one, two, or three or more comorbidities (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36-2.23, p < 0.001; OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.43-3.20, p < 0.001; and OR 3.10, CI 1.55-6.19, p = 0.001, respectively); the occurrence of one or more reinfections (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.84-3.01, p < 0.001; and OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.043-7.91, p < 0.001, respectively), and a severe acute illness (OR: 1.91; 95%CI 1.09-3.35; p = 0.02). Vaccination was protective, with the strongest effect observed among those receiving two booster doses (OR: 0.18; 95% CI 0.07-0.46; p < 0.001). In the Omicron period sub-analysis, only the second booster dose was associated with reduced risk compared with a complete primary series (OR 0.50, CI 0.34-0.74, p < 0.001), whereas one booster dose showed no significant effect. CONCLUSION:COVID-19 vaccination, especially two booster doses, reduced long COVID risk. Female sex, comorbidities, reinfections, and severe acute illness were independent risk factors for developing long-lasting symptoms.
Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are both effective strategies for obesity management, but their comparative efficacy remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare weight loss outcomes between MBS and GLP-1 RA therapy in adults with obesity. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to September 22, 2025. Eligible studies included randomized and observational comparisons between MBS—specifically sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)—and GLP-1 RA therapy in adults with obesity. Pooled mean differences (MDs) for total weight loss (TWL) and body mass index (BMI) change were calculated using a DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I V2, and certainty of evidence was graded with GRADE. Five retrospective observational studies (n = 5,944; 3,489 MBS, 2,455 GLP-1 RA) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed significantly greater TWL in the MBS group (MD − 18.15
Japan’s soft power in Brazil is undergoing a process of reconfiguration shaped by historical legacies, shifting cultural preferences, and the growing presence of China and South Korea. Drawing on a systematic literature review, official documents, and 18 semi-structured interviews with state and non-state actors, this article examines how Japanese soft power is perceived and sustained in Brazil. The findings show that Japan’s influence remains anchored in long-term trust, development cooperation, and cultural familiarity, yet faces declining visibility among younger generations. Contrary to expectations, Japan experiences no significant soft disempowerment in Brazil, as regional controversies have little resonance. The analysis identifies two culturally grounded logics: sessatakuma (friendly rivalry) and menimienai (invisibility), that explain how Japan navigates competition without engaging in zero-sum dynamics. The article contributes to soft power theory by demonstrating how coexistence, embeddedness, and cultural logics shape influence in emerging economies.
Objetivo: Analisar aplicações clínicas de IA em ortopedia e sua interface com o arcabouço regulatório brasileiro, identificando convergências, lacunas e tensões. Métodos: Revisão integrativa (mar–mai/2026), seguindo Whittemore e Knafl e PRISMA 2020 adaptado. Busca em bases biomédicas e documentos oficiais (CFM, ANVISA, ANPD, MCTI). Inclusos estudos de 2019–2026 com aplicação clínica direta em ortopedia/traumatologia/medicina esportiva. Resultados: Foram incluídos 31 estudos e 6 atos normativos. Alta aplicabilidade da IA em: detecção automatizada de fraturas (sensibilidade 0,91–0,93; especificidade 0,95–0,96), graduação radiográfica de osteoartrite, planejamento pré‑operatório 3D (>90% de acurácia para dimensionamento) e integração com cirurgia robótica; na medicina esportiva, IA+sensores apoiam prevenção de lesões e reabilitação. No regulatório, houve avanços (CFM 2.454/2026; RDCs ANVISA 657/2022 e 751/2022; LGPD; PBIA 2024–2028), mas persistem lacunas em validação populacional no Brasil, governança de dados e equidade no SUS. Conclusão: A IA alcançou maturidade para incorporação seletiva em ortopedia, porém a regulação nacional ainda é reativa à prática. São prioritários consórcios multicêntricos brasileiros, repositórios públicos LGPD‑conformes e a operação efetiva das Comissões de IA e Telessaúde previstas pelo CFM.
