Digital inclusion plays a critical role in enhancing the participation and sustainability of women entrepreneurs in developing countries. This study presents a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to examine how digital inclusion influences business sustainability, the main challenges women face in accessing and using digital tools, and the theoretical frameworks commonly applied in existing research. From an initial pool of 431 articles, 21 studies published between 2020 and 2025 were selected for analysis. The findings show that digital inclusion through e-commerce, social media, digital payments, and digital financial services significantly improves market access, operational efficiency, and entrepreneurial resilience. However, persistent barriers such as low digital literacy, weak infrastructure, financial constraints, and socio-cultural norms continue to hinder women's digital empowerment. The review also reveals theoretical fragmentation, with studies relying mainly on Technology Acceptance Model, Digital Divide Theory, and empowerment-oriented frameworks. This paper contributes by integrating empirical insights to propose the need for a unified theoretical model, highlighting key gaps in existing research, and demonstrating how digital inclusion supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 5, SDG 8, SDG 9). Overall, digital inclusion emerges as a key driver for achieving gender equality, business sustainability, and inclusive economic development.
BackgroundSchool-based iron supplementation is a key national intervention to reduce anaemia among adolescent girls, however evaluation regarding processes is lacking. This study evaluated adherence to iron supplementation and its determinant factors among schoolgirls in Indonesian settings.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at selected schools in priority areas of East Java (n = 3) and Bali (n = 4) from April-September 2023. A questionnaire administered to approximately 100 girls at each school collected data on the individual factors and adherence. School databases and interviews with 7 health unit staff was used to understand the environmental factors, and content analysis elicited the themes. Binary logistic regression summarised associations of individual and environmental factors contributing to adherence.ResultsA total of 694 girl respondents reported a mean adherence of 40%. Environmental themes included location (East Java/Bali), type and level of schools (private/public and Junior/Senior High School), iron tablet distribution and administration mechanisms (1-week supply/1-month supply/varied and weekly program at school/self-administered at home/no fixed program). Binary logistic regression confirmed that individual associations (i.e., attitude, Odds Ratio (OR) 2.69; peer support, OR 2.03), and environmental factors (i.e., type of school, OR 7.41; location, OR 2.38; administration mechanisms, OR 8.80) were independently associated with adherence.ConclusionLow adherence levels among schoolgirls reported in this study warrants attention. Identified contributing factors provide a basis for the development of strategies to improve adherence to school-based iron supplementation programs in Indonesian settings, particularly at priority areas.
Purpose: This study investigates the determinants of firm value in the Indonesian property and real estate sector during the post-pandemic recovery period of 2022–2024. It specifically examines the effects of Profitability and Institutional Ownership on Firm Value, with Dividend Policy positioned as a mediating variable. Method: This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was selected through purposive sampling based on criteria such as continuous financial reporting, profitability, and dividend distribution, resulting in a balanced panel of eligible firms. The hypotheses were tested using path analysis. Findings: The results show that Profitability, proxied by ROA, has a significant positive effect on firm value but a significant negative effect on dividend policy, indicating that firms tend to prioritize internal financing over dividend distribution. Institutional Ownership has a significant positive effect on dividend policy but does not directly increase firm value. In addition, Dividend Policy does not mediate the relationship between Profitability and Firm Value, nor between Institutional Ownership and Firm Value. Implication: This study contributes to Signaling Theory and Agency Theory by showing that, in the Indonesian property sector, dividend payments may be interpreted as a reduction in growth capital rather than a positive market signal. Practically, the findings provide insights for investors and corporate managers in designing capital allocation and payout strategies during periods of sectoral recovery.
This article examines the question of whether complementation structures are cross-linguistically universal by using two different cross-linguistic corpora, each drawing on the same thirteen languages, spanning every continent. One is SCOPIC, the Social Cognition Parallax Interview Corpus, specifically designed to elicit material rich in grammatical categories relevant to social cognition; for each language in our sample this was balanced by a “general corpus” of roughly the same size with no specific targeting of domains. We find that, while complementation is widespread, it is not universal within the languages in our sample: in some it is absent entirely and in others it is extremely rare. Of the structural alternatives used to achieve the same functional goal by far the commonest is quoted speech, suggesting that in the evolution of linguistic structures it is heteroglossia, the embedding of one person’s words in another’s, that is a more basic phenomenon, from which complementation structures then evolve in many but not all languages.
Luka bakar grade II (A) merupakan kerusakan kulit yang sering terjadi dan memerlukan penanganan yang tepat untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhan serta mencegah komplikasi. Pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai alternatif terapi topikal terus dikembangkan karena dinilai lebih aman dan memiliki aktivitas biologis yang beragam. Daun buni (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan alkaloid yang berpotensi mendukung regenerasi jaringan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas salep ekstrak etanol 96% daun buni dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar grade II (A) pada mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post-test only control group design. Hewan uji dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (Bioplacenton®), serta salep ekstrak daun buni konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, dan 10%. Luka bakar grade II (A) diinduksi pada punggung mencit, kemudian diberikan perlakuan sesuai kelompok masing-masing. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 14 hari dengan parameter perubahan diameter luka dan persentase penyembuhan luka. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar kelompok perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian salep ekstrak daun buni pada seluruh konsentrasi mampu mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar dibandingkan kontrol negatif, dengan konsentrasi 10% menunjukkan efektivitas paling tinggi dan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa salep ekstrak etanol 96% daun buni berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif sediaan topikal berbahan alam untuk terapi luka bakar grade II (A)
