Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine students’ perceptions of the integration and development of critical thinking skills through Focus Group Discussions class in an English Education Study Program. Methodology: This study employed a mixed methods research design. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire survey and structured interview as research instruments. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statiscal analysis in the form of index percentage score, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic-analysis to identify patterns related to students’ perceptions of critical thinking development. Main Findings: The results of the study indicate consistently positive students’ perception, shown by high index percentage scores, that Focus Group Discussion activities effectively develop critical thinking skills which include analytical reasoning, evaluation of multiple perspectives, synthesis of ideas, and evidence-based argumentation. Interview results reveal that peer interaction, clarification questioning, familiar topics, lecturer guidance and feedback strongly support critical engagement. However, students face challenges such as limited background knowledge to the unfamiliar topics, low confidence, and difficulty interpreting complex information. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers insights into how Focus Group Discussion functions as a structured pedagogical strategy for developing critical thinking in EFL context. It not only provides an overview of students’ perceptions of the integration of critical thinking skills, particularly in terms of analyzing, evaluating multiple perspectives, and synthesizing ideas, but also through the use of mixed-methods approach, highlights specific components of Focus Group Discussion that support or hinder students’ critical engagement.
This study aims to design and examine the feasibility of Python-assisted numerical methods teaching materials in the form of a problem-based learning module intended to support the development of students’ mathematical creative thinking abilities. The research adopts a research and development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model and is limited to the Analysis, Design, and Development phases. In the analysis phase, curriculum documents and numerical methods course syllabi were reviewed and interviews were conducted with lecturers to identify course learning outcomes, key indicators, and students’ difficulties related to numerical methods and mathematical creative thinking. In the design phase, the structure and components of the module were specified, including orientation sections, explanations of concepts and procedures, worked examples, practice exercises, problem-based tasks integrating Python programming, evaluations, and answer keys, all aligned with indicators of mathematical creative thinking. In the development phase, a draft of the module was produced and subjected to expert validation by media, content, and education experts using a Likert-scale instrument, followed by a small-group trial with students. The expert validation results showed an average score of 75.26% in the “Strong†category, while student responses reached an average of 92.3% in the “Very Strong†category, indicating that the module is valid and highly practical for numerical methods learning. These findings suggest that the Python-assisted, problem-based numerical methods module is feasible for use in lectures and has promising potential to support the development of students’ mathematical creative thinking abilities, which should be further investigated through subsequent experimental or quasi-experimental studies that directly measure learning outcomes and creative thinking.
This study aims to analyze the effect of inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates on the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI), as well as to examine the role of interest rates as a moderating variable in these relationships. This research employs monthly time-series data from 2020-2024 obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and Bank Indonesia. The analytical methods used include multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates individually have a significant effect on the JCI. However, the moderation test reveals that interest rates are not able to significantly strengthen or weaken the relationship between inflation and exchange rates with the JCI. These findings suggest that the Indonesian capital market is more responsive to direct macroeconomic variables rather than the interaction effects among them. This study contributes to the literature on stock market behavior in emerging markets and provides insights for investors and policymakers in responding to global economic volatility.
This study examines law enforcement strategies in addressing cryptocurrency-based money laundering, with particular emphasis on evidentiary challenges and cross-border cooperation using a normative legal approach. The rapid development of digital assets such as Bitcoin has introduced new complexities in financial crime, enabling illicit actors to exploit decentralized systems and pseudonymous transactions. Through doctrinal analysis of legal frameworks, regulations, and international standards, including those established by the Financial Action Task Force, this research identifies key gaps in the current legal system. The findings reveal that the collection and admissibility of digital evidence remain significant obstacles due to difficulties in linking blockchain transactions to identifiable individuals, as well as limitations in technical capacity and legal procedures. Additionally, cross-border cooperation is hindered by regulatory fragmentation, jurisdictional differences, and slow mutual legal assistance mechanisms. Existing law enforcement strategies—while incorporating regulatory, technological, and institutional approaches are often insufficient and lack integration. This study concludes that strengthening international legal harmonization, enhancing digital forensic capabilities, and reforming cross-border cooperation mechanisms are essential to improving enforcement effectiveness. Furthermore, adaptive legal frameworks are needed to balance innovation in cryptocurrency with accountability and oversight. This research contributes to the development of more responsive legal strategies to combat cryptocurrency-based money laundering in an increasingly globalized digital economy.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimalisasi produksi podcast dan berita dengan memanfaatkan teknologi digital pada media online Indoposco, berdasarkan teori konvergensi media yang dikemukakan oleh Henry Jenkins. Teori ini mencakup teknologi, ekonomi, budaya, sosial, dan global. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan manajemen redaksi internal (seperti direktur konten, pemimpin redaksi, dan tim kreatif) serta konsumen eksternal (Generasi Z dan Milenial), dan juga dilengkapi dengan observasi langsung serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indoposco berhasil mengoptimalkan produksinya melalui integrasi analisis berita konvensional dengan data secara real-time (Google Trends dan Google Analytics), memanfaatkan sistem penyimpanan cloud storage 'Bank Materi Liputan, menerapkan sistem multitasking bagi jurnalis, serta memperkenalkan model paket periklanan terintegrasi (bundled advertising). Meskipun langkah-langkah strategi ini menciptakan efisiensi operasional dan memenuhi kebutuhan informasi dari audiens yang beragam, proses konvergensi masih menghadapi tantangan teknis seperti folder algoritma digital dan waktu rendering video, serta masalah non-teknis seperti beban kerja yang tinggi, guncangan budaya di antara jurnalis yang dialami, dan ketidakstabilan jadwal tayang akibat verifikasi redaksi yang ketat.
