In recent years, climate change has emerged as a major factor contributing to food insecurity, which intensifies economic difficulties in Asian and African nations. Consequently, this study seeks to explore the interplay between climate change, food security, and economic growth. Utilizing the panel vector error correction model, we present three primary findings. Firstly, a co-integration relationship exists among food security, as measured by the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the Climate Risk Index (CRI). Secondly, both in the long and short term, the CRI, which serves as an indicator of climate risk, influences the GFSI in the Asian region. Over the long term, both the CRI and GDP have a significant impact on the GFSI. An increase in GDP correlates with improved food security, whereas heightened climate change risks, as indicated by the CRI, worsen food insecurity. In the short term, it is evident that the previous year’s variables-GFSI, GDP, and CRI-significantly influence the GFSI in both Asian and African regions. Thirdly, economic growth, as measured by GDP, plays a more substantial role in enhancing food security than climate change does. To alleviate the effects of climate change on food security, we advocate for the implementation of strong policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and bolstering human resource capacity, especially in vulnerable areas like Asia. International collaboration and alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are vital for developing integrated strategies. Contributions. The findings of this research underscore that bolstering food security and enhancing climate change resilience can exert a positive influence on economic growth, shedding light on crucial policy considerations and actions to mitigate the effects of climate change on food security and economies.
Inclusive elementary education increasingly emphasizes developing both psychomotor and cognitive skills among students with diverse learning needs. However, existing instructional approaches often rely on conventional strategies that fail to meet the dynamic requirements of inclusive classrooms. Although traditional games are culturally rooted and pedagogically rich, their integration into digital learning tools remains limited, particularly in enhancing specific skill domains such as motor coordination, memory, logical reasoning, and adaptive interaction. A critical gap exists in the design of educational applications that adapt traditional gameplay for inclusive use while aligning with differentiated instructional needs. This needs-analysis study is guided by a conceptual framework that integrates inclusive education principles and game-based learning, emphasizing learner-centred engagement, differentiated instruction, and the pedagogical potential of games. Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, data were collected via a closed-ended questionnaire and focus group discussions with 15 inclusive elementary school teachers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The questionnaire covered four dimensions: instructional relevance, user accessibility, pedagogical suitability, and digital integration. Findings revealed strong support for incorporating traditional games to engage learners across ability levels, but concerns were raised about limited access to assistive features, lack of digital infrastructure, and insufficient teacher preparedness for using game-based applications. Participants also stressed the need for customizable content, culturally responsive game mechanics, and sensory-sensitive design features to ensure meaningful inclusion. These findings provide critical insights for future development of inclusive educational technologies and emphasize the value of stakeholder-informed design in bridging pedagogical and technological priorities.
Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) is an important computer vision task because facial expressions provide visual cues for identifying human affective states. However, FER remains challenging in real-world conditions due to illumination variation, head pose, occlusion, image quality, and ambiguous facial expressions. This study aims to develop and evaluate a lightweight desktop-based FER application by integrating YOLOv8n as the face detection component and DeepFace as the emotion classification framework. The application was developed using Python, OpenCV, CustomTkinter, Pillow, and multithreading to support image upload and camera-based processing without freezing the graphical interface. The system focuses on four emotion classes, namely happy, sad, neutral, and angry. The proposed workflow consists of image resizing, face detection, facial region extraction, emotion classification, label filtering, and desktop-based output visualization. Evaluation was conducted in two stages: preliminary application testing using ten selected facial expression images and benchmark testing using a balanced FER-2013 subset consisting of 400 images from four target classes. The preliminary evaluation showed that eight out of ten images were classified consistently with human interpretation, producing an initial application accuracy of 80%. The benchmark evaluation achieved an accuracy of 76.4%, with macro-averaged precision of 0.74, macro-averaged recall of 0.73, and macro-averaged F1-score of 0.73. The results indicate that the YOLOv8n–DeepFace framework is feasible for lightweight desktop-based FER implementation, although ambiguous angry and neutral expressions remain difficult to distinguish. This framework is useful for applied computer vision education, prototype development, and preliminary FER deployment studies.
This study explores saluang dendang, a traditional musical performance of the Minangkabau people, as a cultural arena for negotiating gender roles and identities. Using a qualitative anthropological approach, the research investigates how performers, audiences, and customary norms interact to shape gender dynamics within the practice of saluang dendang. Data collection was conducted through participant observation, in-depth interviews with saluang players, singers, and community elders, as well as textual analysis of dendang lyrics rich in symbolism and social commentary. The findings reveal that saluang dendang functions not only as entertainment but also as a symbolic stage where male and female roles are contested and redefined. The lyrics often contain satire, critique, and praise that reflect societal perceptions of gender. Furthermore, the increasing participation of women as singers demonstrates a shift in traditional boundaries once dominated by men. Thus, saluang dendang can be understood as a dynamic cultural medium that enables dialogue, resistance, and reconstruction of gender identity in Minangkabau society. This research highlights the significance of traditional arts as reflective spaces for social negotiation and adaptation to evolving values and gender relations.
This study aims to analyze the existence of traditional foods from Kotagede as part of Yogyakarta’s gastronomic heritage and to identify the factors contributing to their sustainability amid the challenges of modernization. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through field observations, in-depth interviews with culinary entrepreneurs and cultural figures, and a review of relevant literature on gastronomy and cultural heritage. The study focused on four traditional foods of Kotagede, namely Kipo, Kembang Waru, Legomoro, and Yangko. The findings reveal that these traditional foods serve not only as culinary products but also as cultural artifacts embodying historical, philosophical, social, and cultural values that reflect the identity of the Kotagede community. Their continued existence is supported by the intergenerational transmission of culinary knowledge, official recognition as Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the active involvement of local communities and culinary entrepreneurs in preserving traditional practices. However, their sustainability faces several challenges, including changing consumption patterns, the growing popularity of modern foods, and the limited regeneration of traditional food producers. Various preservation strategies have been implemented, including digital promotion, culinary festivals, product innovation, and the development of culture-based gastronomic tourism. The study highlights that preserving traditional foods is essential not only for safeguarding local culinary traditions but also for maintaining cultural identity and ensuring the sustainability of Kotagede’s gastronomic heritage.
