Abstract Background Breast cancer (BRCA) remains one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Its molecular heterogeneity and limited therapeutic options for aggressive subtypes highlight the need for novel treatment strategies. Drug repositioning offers a promising approach by identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs with established safety profiles. Methods We applied an integrative transcriptomic and bioinformatics framework to identify candidate drug targets and repurposed drugs for BRCA. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets using the limma package with thresholds of |log2 fold change| > 1 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05. Overlapping DEGs were expanded through protein–protein interaction analysis using the STRING database. Functional annotation across ten biological evidence categories was performed using WebGestalt to prioritize BRCA risk genes through a multi-criteria scoring approach. Drug–gene interactions were then analyzed using the Drug–Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb), and tissue-specific gene expression was evaluated using the GTEx database. Results Twenty-eight consistently dysregulated genes were identified and expanded into a 77-gene interaction network. Functional prioritization yielded 18 BRCA risk genes, including five druggable targets associated with 11 candidate drugs. ITGB7 emerged as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target, with vedolizumab identified as the top candidate drug. Conclusions This study highlights the potential of integrative transcriptomic analysis to identify biomarkers and drug repositioning candidates in BRCA, providing a foundation for further experimental validation.
Frequency control in isolated hybrid microgrids is an emerging field. The present work investigates the theoretical background and practical applications of adaptive controllers. These controllers are optimized using the Harris Hawks optimization algorithm modified with the balloon effect (HHO + BE), ensuring high precision and adaptability. The hybrid microgrid configuration includes photovoltaic (PV) systems, electric vehicles (EVs), and heat pumps (HPs), all coordinated with the diesel generator to act as flexible resources during disturbances. Full-scale simulations were performed in MATLAB/Simulink to assess the system response under different disturbance scenarios. The findings confirm that the proposed optimized controller outperforms traditional controller and existing metaheuristic-based techniques, providing significantly less frequency deviation and faster recovery times. In addition to the technical performance analysis, an economic and environmental analysis was conducted based on 1000 h of annual corrective operation. The results are striking: the proposed system reduces diesel consumption by approximately 95%, resulting in an estimated annual savings of $4.86 million with a significant reduction in emissions. This highlights the controller's dual advantage of stabilizing the grid and promoting sustainability.
This work of literature critically reflects on what appeared to be rude yet tactical communication styles by Islamic preachers on online platforms. This article, on the one hand, employs an integrated theoretical approach that integrates the Quranic communication ethics with pragmatics, critical discourse analysis (CDA) and politeness theory to understand how deviant practices of the classical Islamic communication norms are pragmatically used to forge solidarity, emotional closeness and authenticity of da’wah within a modern digital setting. This article, after studying the speech of well-known digital preachers in detail, demonstrates that strategic impropriety is not merely an ethical offense but a rhetorical maneuver for renegotiating religious authority in the online community. Based on the concept of qaulan in the Quran, this research provides a normative Islamic approach to the development of da’wah communication styles and to the relationships among politeness, pragmatic effectiveness and social relevance in the development of authority and audience interest in the digital world.
Reading comprehension is essential in English language learning, yet many EFL learners continue to struggle with vocabulary, implicit meanings, and complex academic texts. Addressing these challenges requires innovative pedagogical approaches that go beyond surface-level instruction. This study reports on a needs analysis conducted to support the development of a Corpus-Based Language Pedagogy model integrated with AI for reading instruction. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to Indonesian EFL students, focusing on their reading attitudes, challenges, and instructional expectations. The results reveal that students generally hold positive attitudes toward reading in English, particularly when authentic texts and interactive activities are incorporated. However, they experience notable difficulties with unfamiliar vocabulary, complex grammatical structures, and lengthy passages. Current classroom practices are often limited to surface-level comprehension, which students perceive as inadequate for developing critical and analytical reading skills. In contrast, learners express the need for authentic corpus-based materials, relevant vocabulary, and contextualized reading strategies. They also highlight the importance of integrating technology and AI to enhance engagement and facilitate deeper comprehension. The study concludes that a corpus-based approach integrated with AI can provide authentic language input, expand lexical knowledge, and foster data-driven learning. The proposed model, therefore, offers a promising framework for improving students’ reading competence in the EFL context.
Amid increasing scholarly attention to faith-based organizational values, this study examines how Islamic workplace spirituality and grit influence teachers' career commitment within private Islamic schools in Indonesia. Grounded in the constructs of istiqāmah (steadfastness), murāqabah (spiritual mindfulness), and taqarrub (closeness to God), the research introduces an integrative framework in which grit serves as a mediating psychological mechanism linking spiritual orientation to vocational dedication. Utilizing data from 429 teachers across elementary, middle, and high schools, this study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design and used a convenience sampling technique to recruit participants. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both the measurement and structural models. Findings demonstrate that istiqāmah and murāqabah significantly and directly predict career commitment, whereas taqarrub exerts an indirect effect through grit. Grit itself emerges as a critical psychological construct that amplifies the influence of spiritual dimensions on professional perseverance. By bridging theological and psychological perspectives, this research offers a nuanced understanding of career motivation in religious educational settings. The results provide actionable insights for school leaders and policymakers seeking to cultivate spiritually grounded strategies that foster long-term professional commitment among educators.
