University for Business and Technology (UBT) is a private university located in Kosovo.
Thiazole scaffolds occupy a prominent position in medicinal chemistry due to their electronic diversity and structural adaptability, enabling interaction with multiple biological targets. Over the last decade, these heterocyclic frameworks have received extensive attention for the development of new anticancer and antimicrobial agents. The five-membered thiazole ring, containing both nitrogen and sulfur atoms, provides remarkable chemical stability and versatility, allowing fine-tuning of pharmacological responses. Numerous derivatives have demonstrated significant biological activities, including inhibition of resistant microbial strains and selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells. This review critically summarizes research published between 2015 and 2025, emphasizing how structural variations within thiazole derivatives influence their biological profiles. A focused discussion on structure - activity relationships (SAR) highlights the influence of electronic, steric, and lipophilic features on potency and selectivity. Integrating both experimental findings and computational insights, the review offers a coherent understanding of how structural modifications govern biological outcomes. Although available pharmacokinetic and toxicity data remain limited, they are identified as important directions for further research. Molecular docking observations are included to illustrate possible interaction modes rather than to define mechanisms. Overall, this work provides an integrative perspective that may guide the rational design of future thiazole-based molecules with improved efficacy and safety.
This study presents the results of indoor radon measurements collected during three survey campaigns, accumulating around 450 data taken in dwellings, public buildings, and workplaces. The first stage of the study focused on refining the database, which included only 220 measurements taken on the ground floors of dwellings. The information collected from the largest cities in twelve administrative areas of Albania showed that approximately 30
The role of remittances is considered to be extremely important as an external source of financing for many countries, especially for those facing slow economic development and high unemployment rates. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the impact of remittances on economic growth and poverty reduction in the developing market, with a specific focus on Kosovo as the case study. To examine the hypotheses, this paper utilizes a comparative analysis method for the period from 2008 to 2022. The study’s results indicate that remittances have had a significant and important influence on economic growth. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that remittances have contributed to the improvement of well-being and living standards for the people of Kosovo. At the same time, remittances have been a strong foundation for the recipient economies, significantly reducing the risk of poverty. Additionally, the study results show that remittances have positively influenced the maintenance of economic equilibrium between rural and urban, as well as regional areas. The fundamental objective of this research is to study and contribute further to this field, which has not been sufficiently covered for developing economies like Kosovo.
This study examines the dynamic relationships between energy and foreign exchange markets, with a focus on returns and volatility spillovers across developed and emerging market currencies. Recognizing energy commodities as central to global trade and currencies as indicators of macroeconomic stability, we examine how shocks in one market propagate to others. Using a Time-Varying Parameter VAR (TVP-VAR) model on daily data from 2014 to 2024 for four major energy benchmarks (WTI, Brent, Dutch TTF, Henry Hub) and twelve key currency pairs, we find strong and asymmetric spillovers in both returns and volatility. Emerging market currencies, such as the Polish zloty and Czech koruna, primarily transmit volatility, while WTI and Brent act as major shock sources in energy markets; natural gas benchmarks mainly absorb volatility. Return spillovers are typically short-lived, whereas volatility linkages persist and intensify during crises, notably during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight distinct return- and volatility-driven contagion channels, offering valuable insights for investors, policymakers, and risk managers in an interconnected financial landscape.
The rapid proliferation of mobile phone opinion surveys calls for a better understanding of their efficiency. We explain the length of mobile phone survey interviews with respondent and interviewer personality traits from the Big Five personality model. Our results show that Agreeableness (which motivates harmony seeking) and Conscientiousness (which motivates duty fulfillment) were the best predictive traits, predicting shorter and longer interview times, respectively, when they characterized both the respondent and the interviewer. Neuroticism (which motivates threat sensitivity), however, predicted opposite effects. The two other personality traits of the Big Five model, Extraversion (which motivates social engagement) and Openness (which motivates novelty exploration) did not show significant effects. Moreover, we argue that while these core psychological traits are important separately, we should pay even more attention to their interaction. Our results show that the effects of the interactions are more complex than expected and require both careful interpretation and additional research. Our findings have practical implications for the public opinion survey industry, as they could help in the training of interviewers by taking into account their personality traits. We analyze data from a public opinion survey conducted in Albania and Kosovo during the winter of 2018-2019.
