Agent Skills are structured packages of procedural knowledge that augment large language model (LLM) agents at inference time. Despite rapid adoption, there is no standard way to measure whether they actually help. We present SkillsBench, a benchmark whose current inventory contains 87 tasks across 8 domains paired with curated Skills and deterministic verifiers. Our latest aggregate evaluation runs the 87-task benchmark under matched no-Skills and curated-Skills conditions for 18 model-harness configurations. Curated Skills raise the average pass rate from 33.9
Background AI-enabled technologies are increasingly empowering hotel guests and reshaping customer-brand interactions. Yet, how this perceived technological empowerment drives brand advocacy through AI service quality and customer engagement remains underexplored.Objective This study investigates the mechanisms through which perceived technological empowerment (PTE) drives hotel brand advocacy (BA), emphasizing the mediating and moderating roles of AI service quality (AI-SQ), customer engagement (CE), and customer ability readiness (CAR).Methods A survey was conducted among customers of five-star hotels in Egypt, yielding 432 valid responses. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with WarpPLS 8.0.Results The findings reveal that PTE positively influences both CE and AI-SQ, while AI-SQ further enhances CE and mediates the relationship between PTE and CE. Moreover, CAR moderates the relationship between PTE and AI-SQ, with higher customer readiness strengthening the effect. Both PTE and CE are found to positively impact BA, with CE partially mediating the link between PTE and BA.Conclusion These results highlight the critical role of empowering hotel technologies and customer readiness in enhancing AI service experiences, fostering engagement, and ultimately driving brand advocacy. The study provides practical implications for hotel managers seeking to leverage AI-enabled services to strengthen customer relationships and brand loyalty.
This study examines the role of Paradoxical Leadership (PL) in enhancing sustainable service performance in Egypt's hotel industry, with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) serving as a key mediating mechanism. Moving beyond conventional performance frameworks, the research examines how the dual nature of PL behaviors encourages discretionary employee actions that advance social sustainability, employee well-being, responsible service delivery, and long-term organizational resilience. Employing a survey-based quantitative design, data were collected from 397 hotel employees in Egypt using a structured questionnaire assessing overall PL, its five core dimensions, and OCB. A structured questionnaire was used to measure overall PL, its five core dimensions, OCB, and sustainable service performance. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 24 and WarpPLS 8, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression-based mediation analysis to examine the relationships among the study variables. The findings reveal that PL positively influences sustainable service performance, while OCB not only enhances service outcomes but also significantly mediates the relationship between PL and performance. In addition, each dimension of PL-balancing self- and other-centeredness (SO), maintaining distance while fostering closeness (CD), treating employees uniformly while recognizing individuality (UI), preserving decision control while encouraging autonomy (CA), and enforcing work requirements while allowing flexibility (RF)-significantly strengthens employees' citizenship behaviors.
Diabetes-induced liver damage is a significant complication of hyperglycemia, which results in oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Conventional treatment strategies remain limited, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. This study evaluates the hepatoprotective effects of valsartan-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic rats, focusing on oxidative stress modulation, suppression of inflammatory cytokines, and metabolic regulation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control, STZ-induced diabetic model, and treatment diabetic groups receiving valsartan (Val) or valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide (Val/HCT) in either SNEDDS-loaded liquisolid tablets or directly compressed tablets. Liver function, oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid profiles, histopathological changes, and gene expression levels of NF-κB, TGF-β, and Nrf2 were assessed. Val and Val/HCT-loaded-SNEDDS significantly reduced fasting blood glucose to 95 mg/dl, serum ALT levels (34–50 Schematic diagram showing the mechanism of SNEDDS-loaded VST and SNEDDS-loaded VST/HCTZ as potential treatment strategies for type-2 diabetes mellitus. This mechanism includes the reduction of Nrf2 expression, antioxidant activity, and activation of the ATR1/TGF-β/ NF-κB signaling cascade.
Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline inactivation of the folliculin gene (FLCN). Approximately 25
