In South Korea, traditional indirect voice mechanisms are being replaced by formal direct voice mechanisms controlled by employers: employer-sponsored voice practices (ESVPs). This creates an opportunity to encourage employees to speak up about issues related to their work; however, the mere presence of ESVPs tells us little about how employees experience these management practices. Building from signaling theory, we develop a multilevel employee voice process model to investigate how an organization's ESVPs are associated with employees' perceived ESVPs and, in turn, employee perceptions of voice efficacy and voice safety. We suggest that this process is further moderated by the organizational climate for employee participation. A cross-level investigation of employee voice perceptions involving 476 employees across 22 organizations in South Korea was conducted. The results show that organizational ESVPs are indirectly positively related to employee perceptions of voice efficacy via perceived ESVPs, while the same pattern was not found for employee perceptions of voice safety. The results further demonstrate a moderation effect of participative climate on the relationship between perceived ESVPs and employee perceptions of both voice efficacy and safety. The findings have important implications for both employee voice theory and practice.
Black Reconstruction (1935) should be included in discussions on the epistemological history of racial capitalism. I argue its inclusion would address many of the critiques leveled against the theory. Using archival data from the Phelps Stokes Fund records, Du Bois Papers, and The Crisis, I highlight the global political context in which Du Bois's critique of racial capitalism emerged. I also demonstrate how Black Reconstruction challenges critiques of racial capitalism theory, which center on Cedric Robinson's Black Marxism (1983). I conclude that the current occlusion of Black Reconstruction from discussions of racial capitalism speaks to the political context Du Bois was critiquing and hinders sociologists' ability to analyze the connections between racial violence and capitalism within the US Empire.
To investigate differential effects of multicultural interactions (MIs) and exposures (MEs) and to test Maddux et al.'s new structural model of multicultural experience, this research examines the impact of MIs and MEs on intrapersonal versus interpersonal creative thinking. Study 1 tests the associations of MIs and MEs with creative thinking in idea generation and conceptual conflict resolution. Study 2 examines MIs' and MEs' relationship with creative thinking in applied conflict resolution (i.e., international business negotiation), with closed-mindedness as a mediator. Results show that MIs (but not MEs) were positively associated with self-reported (intrapersonal) measures of creative thinking in conflict resolution (CTCR), whereas MEs (but not MIs) were positively associated with creative thinking (interpersonal) outcomes in realistic, business conflict resolution contexts. Closed-mindedness fully mediated the former and partially mediated the latter association.
A decolonização do currículo é um imperativo global que assume diferentes formas e níveis de urgência dependendo do contexto. Acontecimentos ao redor do mundo, como o movimento Black Lives Matter (Vidas Negras Importam) e as respostas dos estudantes à pandemia e ao ensino online, levantaram novas questões sobre o currículo – questionando criticamente os planos das instituições de ensino superior não apenas sobre a provisão de acesso a recursos, mas também sobre a autoridade (cultural) dos currículos, das práticas pedagógicas e de pesquisa que ainda são dominadas por discursos ocidentais. Este artigo examina três experiências de decolonização curricular na área de política e gestão cultural, uma disciplina aplicada que tem a cultura como objeto, em três contextos distintos: Sérvia, Porto Rico e África do Sul. Especificamente, delineia como a busca por uma ecologia de conhecimento pluriversal encontrou expressão no currículo, no conteúdo e nas práticas pedagógicas empregadas para oferecer uma educação localmente relevante; e como os educadores resolveram as descontinuidades ontológicas e epistêmicas entre o cânone disciplinar padrão e as realidades locais para incorporar e contextualizar a disciplina.
The Energy Balance Model (EBM) is widely used to interpret body weight regulation by relating changes in body mass to the imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Despite its central role in nutritional science, the empirical reliability and internal consistency of this framework have rarely been evaluated using independently measured physiological quantities obtained under controlled experimental conditions. The present study examines both the numerical and analytical coherence of the EBM. First, three numerical consistency tests derived from the governing accounting relationships of the EBM are introduced. These tests evaluate whether independently measured variables defining energy balance and macronutrient balance yield mutually compatible predictions when applied to metabolic-ward datasets. The tests are applied to two highly influential randomized controlled trials in which energy intake, energy expenditure, and body composition were measured under tightly controlled inpatient conditions. In parallel, the analysis examines whether total food mass intake exhibits a more systematic correspondence with observed changes in body weight and body composition. The results indicate that the correspondence between measured energy imbalance and observed body mass change is weaker than expected from a quantitatively predictive framework. In contrast, variation in food mass intake shows a more consistent association with changes in body weight under the same experimental conditions. In addition, analytical examination of the EBM accounting structure shows that when body weight stability is interpreted as energy balance, and macronutrient fluxes and obligatory protein loss are explicitly accounted for, the model implies an internally inconsistent physiological state: a persistent negative protein balance despite stable body weight. These findings highlight limitations in the predictive and internal consistency of the energy balance framework and support the need for frameworks that analyze body weight dynamics explicitly in terms of material balance and appetite-regulated mass intake.
