The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, originally known as Lahore Veterinary College, is a public university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It is accredited by the Pakistan Veterinary Medical Council (PVMC). It has additional teaching campuses in rural areas of the Punjab, Pattoki and Jhang.Established in 1882, it is one of the oldest institution of veterinary sciences and microbiology in Asia and one of the earliest institution founded by the Great Britain in indian subcontinent. Since its inception, it maintained its reoccupation as one of the famous and renown institution Veterinary and animal sciences and conducts wide range of research in microbiology and development of human resources. It was also affiliated with University Of Agriculture, Faisalabad for some years and then become a distinct entity. The university offers undergraduate, post-graduate and doctoral programs in diverse fields of animals health, food irradiation, security and safety. The university maintains its highest ranks and regarded as one of the top university in "agriculture" category by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan) (HEC), as of 2010.In June 2002, on the up gradation of the college of veterinary sciences to the status of the University, Punjab Government allotted about 1000 Acres at Pattoki for the establishment of the sub campus for the education and research work activities. This is named as University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Ravi Campus). Aim/Vision/ObjectivesTo impart quality education with rich opportunities of Hands on Training & research. Development of about 1000 acres of land taken over from Government of Punjab.Preparation of land for cultivation of fodder for experimental animalsProduction of fodder for University farms (Dairy & Small Ruminants)Sowing of fodder cash crops etc. for income generationCommercialization of research and expertise from the university also plays and generates significant economic growth and business opportunities in Pakistan, as many recommendation by university's think tanks are adopted by the government. The university's own program is focused towards building efforts on poverty reduction, prosperity, livestock production and building a generation of trained manpower in the country.
This work explores an improved fungal-mediated bioconversion method for generating stable L-dopaquinone from L-phenylalanine using two Aspergillus oryzae strains (ISL 19 and ISL 27) and mycelial biomass. Mycelial biomass produced through submerged fermentation was exposed to controlled reaction setups to evaluate dopa-oxidase activity and resulting product formation. Quantification of L-dopaquinone was performed using dopachrome and dopa-oxidase assays, measured at 475 nm and 505 nm. Through systematic optimization of cultural and nutritional variables, the highest yield was obtained after 48 h of incubation at pH 6.0 and 30 °C. Among the tested nitrogen sources, urea (0.04
Pyrethroids have been documented to accumulate in animal bodies. Multiple experimental studies suggest potential disruption of male reproductive function, yet findings remain inconsistent. Therefore, a comprehensive synthesis is required to clarify overall reproductive risks. Herein, we aim to quantitatively synthesize evidence from mammalian studies investigating the impact of pyrethroid exposure on male reproductive outcomes. A systematic search of Google Scholar, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus was conducted. Data extraction included species, exposure characteristics, outcomes, and methodological quality. Meta-analyses were conducted using standardized mean differences. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 and Q statistics. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore sources of variation. Sixty-two studies were selected, which primarily involved rats, with oral exposure as the dominant route. Geographically, studies originated mainly from India, Egypt, and Tunisia. Across pooled analyses, pyrethroid exposure showed no statistically significant overall effect on sperm count, motility, viability, testes weight, or testosterone levels. Leave-one-out analyses demonstrated robust but consistent pooled effects. Rats showed stronger negative trends than mice. Overall, the pooled SMD for all reproductive outcomes combined was –2.30 (95
Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne zoonotic pathogen of major public health concern, maintained through complex ecological interactions between Hyalomma ticks and a wide range of vertebrate hosts. Across endemic regions, wildlife frequently exhibits serological evidence of exposure and serve as important maintenance hosts sustaining the virus within sylvatic cycles, while ticks act as the primary vectors transmitting the virus between wildlife, livestock, and occasionally humans. Despite increasing recognition of wildlife susceptibility to CCHFV infection, their epidemiological role remains poorly understood, and existing seroprevalence studies are fragmented, heterogeneous, and geographically uneven. While previous meta-analyses have assessed CCHFV exposure in domestic hosts, a comprehensive synthesis focusing specifically on wildlife has been lacking. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify global seroprevalence of CCHFV in large wildlife. Nineteen eligible studies published up to March 2026 were included in meta-analysis. Pooled seroprevalence estimates were calculated using a random-effects model with 95
Parabens such as methylparaben (MP) are mostly used as antimicrobial preservative in personal care products owing to their short chain length which have greater water solubility to inhibit microbial growth in an aqueous enivroment. Its ubiquitous use has raised some concerns regarding its potential health threats including breast cancer, endocrine disruption, dermatitis, female reproductive problems and male infertility. Several studies have been done on cytogenotoxicity of MP on different organisms but its cytogenotoxic potential is yet to be explored on Vero cell line. Therefore, the current study aims to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of methylparaben on vero cell line. Vero cell line can serve as a reliable invitro model due to stable growth patterns, relevancy of cellular and molecular pathways to human cells due to its mammalian nature, thereby ensuring reproducible results to aid in regulatory assessments. Cytotoxic potential of MP was evaluated by MTT assay (MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) whereas, genotoxicity was determined by comet and micronucleus assays. Vero cells were treated with nine different doses of MP (0.1, 1, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 µM) for MTT assay in order to find LD50. LD50 was determined at 100 µM dose concentration of MP whereas, sub-lethal (LD50/2) and supra-lethal (3 × LD50/2) concentrations were observed at 50 and 150 µM respectively. MTT assay showed a significant dose oriented reduction in cell viability at 100 µM (LD50) in the treated groups upon comparison with the control groups. Results of both assays showed a dose dependent increase in comet tail and micronuclei formation. Highest cytogenotoxic effects in both assays were shown by 3 × LD50/2 dose whereas, lowest cytogenotoxic effects were observed at LD50/2. The results of the study concluded that methylparaben had significant cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on Vero cell line that could aid in the optimization and imposition of regulatory measures regarding the use of MP in daily used products for public safety.
This study aimed to identify the presence of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in diarrheic cattle and buffalo calves in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ninety-six fecal samples were collected from calves aged 1 to 45 days, exhibiting watery diarrhea, dehydration, weakness, and recumbency. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting an N-gene segment of BCoV was used to evaluate the presence of the virus. Selected PCR-positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. The present study indicated 26 cattle and buffalo calves were positive for BCoV PCR in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The sequencing of PCR-positive samples confirmed the presence of BCoV and the obtained sequences were deposited in the public database Most of the positive samples (55.60
