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Green technologies are actively being used to produce nanosized zinc oxide, which is in demand for water purification processes to remove pollutants. Despite the success of the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, no scientific approach exists for selecting plant extracts to produce nanoparticles with the desired properties. This study shows that the antioxidant activity of the plant extracts used is a key parameter influencing the properties of the resulting ZnO nanoparticles. This conclusion is based on the results of nanoparticle synthesis with the use of various plant extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts increases in the following order: plum–gooseberry–black currant–strawberry–sea buckthorn. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The catalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticles were tested under the degradation of a synthetic methylene blue dye after exposure to UV light. We found that with an increase in the AOA of plant extracts, the size of the nanoparticles decreases, while their photocatalytic activity increases. The smallest (d = 13 nm), most uniform in size (polydispersity index 0.1), and most catalytically active ZnO nanoparticles with a small band gap (2.85 eV) were obtained using the sea buckthorn extract with the highest AOA, pH 10 of the reaction mixture and 0.1 M Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O as a precursor salt. ZnO nanoparticles synthesized in the sea buckthorn extract demonstrated the highest dye photodegradation efficiency (96.4%) compared with other nanoparticles. The established patterns demonstrate the “antioxidant activity–size–catalytic activity” triad can be considered as a practical guide for obtaining ZnO nanoparticles of a given size and with given properties for environmental remediation applications.
В статье исследуется российский рынок услуг по ремонту электрооборудования с целью выявления значимых игроков сложившегося рыночного сегмента. Дана оценка сложившейся динамике за последние 6 лет хозяйствования, выявлены основные тенденции изменения рыночных сегментов.Цель исследования – исследовать динамику структуры отраслевого рынка услуг по ремонту электрооборудования в РФ, выявить наиболее крупные предприятия, оценить прочность их положения на лидирующих позициях. Результатом проведенного исследования стала оценка сложившейся структуры отраслевого рынка в динамике за ряд лет. Выявлены ведущие электроремонтные предприятия, оценен занимаемый ими сегмент рынка. Исследована динамика выручки ведущих предприятий, выявлен значительное увеличение темпов роста показателя в отчетном году.
Subject. Innovative activity of Russian industrial organizations by type of economic activity for 2017–2025. Objectives. Identification of key factors determining the intensity of innovation costs, assessment of structural shifts and typologization of industries by the level of innovation maturity. Methods. The information base was compiled by the Rosstat data on 18 types of economic activity (a panel of 126 observations). Correlation analysis, panel regression with two–way fixed effects, the Dumitrescu–Harlin panel causality test, as well as k-means clustering for grouping industries are applied. Results. It was found that the share of innovatively active organizations (coefficient 0.087, p < 0.001) and the level of digitalization (0.032, p < 0.05) positively affect the intensity of innovation costs. The causality test confirmed the unidirectional impact of innovation activity on costs. Clusterization identified three groups: leaders (high–tech industries with a cost intensity of 2.5–5.5%), medium-tech (0.3-1.5%) and traditional/raw materials industries (< 1%). The analysis of heterogeneity showed that in the leading industries the influence of factors is much higher, in the traditional ones it is statistically insignificant. Conclusions. Innovation and digitalization are significant drivers of rising innovation costs, but their impact varies significantly across industry groups. This justifies the need for a differentiated industrial policy: supporting R&D and digitalization for leaders, stimulating modernization for medium-tech industries, diversification and technological re-equipment for raw materials sectors.
Labor productivity is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of any organization. It is determined by the number of products produced / services sold and the labor costs for their production / sale. In conditions when an organization does not have the opportunity to increase volumes, but it is necessary to get rid of losses and increase the efficiency of using workers’ labor, one of the simplest tools for increasing labor productivity is to bring the number to the actual number. Despite the apparent simplicity of this solution, it involves the implementation of well-thought-out actions, an in-depth analysis of the consequences, and an assessment of the effects. The purpose of the study is to study the experience of personnel management as a tool for increasing labor productivity, identify the features and tools for bringing it to reality based on current standards, and form methodological recommendations for organizations using such a solution in their practice. Research methods: analysis and generalization of experience in managing the number of employees using the example of a division of an industrial enterprise. The analysis made it possible to formulate and identify methodological recommendations for managing the number of personnel in the company’s division with the assessment and receipt of the necessary economic effects. The formulated methodological recommendations can be used in the practice of organizing any industry, provided they are adapted to its specifics.
In the current global landscape, providing vocational guidance to young individuals within Russian companies is gaining significant traction, emphasizing the identification of top talent, their development, and subsequent placement in suitable roles. The study’s subject covers academic research on vocational guidance and practical perspectives from professionals. This study aims to develop (based on the findings of peer-reviewed research and current practice) a set of measures to create an effective career guidance system for young people using a stakeholder approach that considers the opinions and perspectives of all stakeholders. The study's results have led to the development and recommendation of innovative strategies and resources for identifying engaged students in educational institutions, considering the interests of educational bodies, businesses, parents and their children, and public authorities. It is concluded that coordinated and synchronized stakeholder efforts are essential for resolving career guidance challenges.
