Pacific State Medical University (Russian: Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет), formerly known as VSMU (Vladivostok State Medical University) is a university in Vladivostok in the Far East of Russia.At the beginning, since 1956 VSMU was the Medical Faculty of the Far Eastern State University, but in 2 years it became Vladivostok State Medical Institute (VSMU). Institute was reorganized into the University in 1995, in 2013 the University was renamed and reorganized into Pacific State Medical University.
For the first time, imaging photoplethysmography synchronized with an electrocardiogram was used to study and diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus. It was found that patients experience significant changes in the photoplethysmographic characteristics of the microvasculature of the facial skin in the cheeks compared with the control. Therefore, the proposed technique can pretend to be an objective instrumental criterion of the disease.
Цель работы – создание способа экспериментального моделирования воспаления в околоносовых пазухах при хронической интоксикации табачным дымом в эксперименте у животных с длительным стажем табакокурения. Способ заключается в том, что крыса породы Вистар помещается на 1,5 ч ежедневно в течение 6 месяцев в ингаляционную камеру, вдыхая табачный дым сигарет с содержанием никотина – 0,8 мг, смолы – 11 мг, с концентрацией угарного газа в табачном дыме 98 мг/м³. Контрольную группу табачным дымом не ингалируют. Через 6 месяцев проводится эвтаназия животных и последующий анализ аутопсийного материала, подтверждающий развитие воспаления в околоносовых пазухах крыс основной и контрольной групп. Статистическую обработку данных проводили в программе Microsoft Excel 2010 с определением средней арифметической, среднего квадратичного отклонения, t-критерия. Различия считали достоверными при р ≤ 0,05. Технический результат заключается в более коротком сроке – 6 месяцев (по сравнению с другим способом – 8,4 месяца), с меньшим временем нахождения животного в камере – 1,5 ч (а не 2 ч). В эксперименте использовались сигареты с меньшим содержанием смолы – 11 мг вместо 25 мг, никотина – 0,8 мг взамен 1,4 мг, угарного газа – 98 мг/м³ (при другом способе – 265,5 мг/м³). Заявляемый способ позволяет в более короткие сроки, снизив расходы на табачные изделия при моделировании воспаления в околоносовых пазухах у крыс, на содержание животных, с меньшим токсическим воздействием табачного дыма в эксперименте, изучать вопросы патогенеза, контроля воспаления, использования методов коррекции, уменьшения стоимости обеспечения самой модели. The aim of the work is to create a method for experimental modeling of inflammation in the paranasal sinuses in animals with chronic intoxication with tobacco smoke. The method is characterized by the fact that a Wistar rat is placed for 1.5 hours daily, for 6 months, in an inhalation chamber, inhaling tobacco smoke of cigarettes with a nicotine content of 0.8 mg, a tar content of 11 mg, with a carbon monoxide concentration in tobacco smoke of 98 mg/m³. The control group is not exposed to tobacco smoke. After 6 months, the animals are euthanized and the autopsy material is analyzed to confirm the development of inflammation in the paranasal sinuses of the rats in the main and control groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010, including the calculation of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The differences were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. The technical result is a shorter period of 6 months (compared to the other method of 8.4 months), with a shorter time of 1.5 hours (instead of 2 hours) for the animal to be in the chamber. The experiment used cigarettes with a lower tar content of 11 mg instead of 25 mg, nicotine content of 0.8 mg instead of 1.4 mg, and carbon monoxide content of 98 mg/m³ (instead of 265.5 mg/m³). The claimed method allows for a shorter time period, reducing the cost of tobacco products when simulating inflammation in the paranasal sinuses in rats, and reducing the toxic effects of tobacco smoke in the experiment, allowing for the study of pathogenesis, inflammation control, and the use of correction methods, while also reducing the cost of maintaining the model itself.
This article presents a clinical case of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Its focus is on the efficacy of risankizumab (RIS), an IL-23 inhibitor, in treating a patient with highly active PsA who did not respond to standard therapy. It was demonstrated that RIS is highly effective through the clinical remission of skin manifestations and a significant reduction in arthritis activity. Thus, these results confirm the importance of biological therapy and the treat-to-target strategy.
Recent studies have confirmed that increased intestinal permeability syndrome plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, while peripheral tight junction proteins like ZO-1 may serve as potential biomarkers for assessing gut barrier integrity. The aim of the study. To evaluate serum ZO-1 levels as a marker of epithelial barrier dysfunction in children with gut barrier impairment and food allergy. Materials and methods. The study included 27 children with cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA, Group I) aged 1 month to 3 years and 20 healthy controls (Group II). Serum ZO-1 and fecal calprotectin (FC) were measured by ELIZA. Statistical analysis used MannWhitney U test, Spearman’s correlation, and ROC analysis. Results. Gastrointestinal symptom severity (GSS) was scored based n crying, regurgitation, stool, etc. Group I showed significantly higher GSS (Ме=13, Q1-Q3:7–18) versus controls (Ме=3, Q1-Q3:1–4,5). Serum ZO-1 levels were significantly lower in CMPA patients (Ме=0,007 ng/mL, Q1-Q3:0–0,031) compared to controls (Ме=0,033 ng/mL, Q1-Q3:0,027–0,135; p<0,05). FC levels also differed significantly: 286 μg/g (Group I) vs 87 μg/g (controls; p<0,001). Inverse correlations were found between ZO-1 and FC (r=-0,675; p<0,01) and between ZO-1 and GSS (r=-0,605; p<0.05). Conclusion. Decreased ZO-1 levels and elevated fecal calprotectin confirm intestinal barrier damage in CMPA patients. ZO-1 serves as a reliable marker of barrier integrity, while its combination with FC enhances diagnostic value for predicting allergy progression and atopic march risk.
The spectrum of bioactive metabolites identified in the fruits of Empetrum nigrum L. collected in the Kamchatka Territory is of particular interest for the prevention and correction of disorders associated with age-related diseases. Purpose of the study. To investigate the effects of a liquid extract of black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum) fruits on metabolic and oxidative disturbances in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Materials and methods. Following the identification of phenolic compounds and saponins in Empetrum nigrum fruits, the biological activities of these compounds were screened using the online Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) software. Experimental studies were conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects of the liquid extract of black crowberry fruits in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Assessments were performed using standard biochemical assays and conventional analytical methods on a Mindray BC-480 analyzer. The effects of the Empetrum nigrum liquid extract on antioxidant defense parameters following alloxan administration were evaluated spectrophotometrically by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the total antiradical activity index. The comet assay was used to assess the genotoxic effects of alloxan and of the investigated extract. Results. In the rat model of diabetes mellitus, administration of the liquid extract of Empetrum nigrum fruits resulted in a 23.9 % reduction in hyperglycemia (blood glucose level), a 38.7 % decrease in malondialdehyde concentration, and a 38.3 % increase in total antiradical activity compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The comet assay demonstrated the damaging effect of alloxan on liver cells: the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells in the control group was 1.6-fold higher than in the group receiving the black crowberry fruit extract (p < 0.05). Changes in absolute and relative liver weight, as well as biochemical parameters, further confirmed the beneficial effects of Empetrum nigrum L. fruit extract administration. The observed effects were compared with those of the reference compound rutin (a quercetin diglycoside). Conclusion. The present study expands current knowledge regarding the hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant properties of Empetrum nigrum, highlighting its potential relevance for pharmaceutical development and clinical applications.
