Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUM) is the first overseas campus of a Chinese university, set up by China's Xiamen University in Malaysia. All classes are taught in English except for Chinese Language and Chinese Medicine courses.Xiamen University Malaysia is wholly owned by Xiamen University, which is directly under the administration of the China Ministry of Education. Xiamen University is a high-level Chinese university under its national "Project 211" and "Project 985." Students in Malaysia who have completed their study and met the relevant training requirements will be awarded the corresponding graduation certificate and degree certificate of China's Xiamen University. All Chinese students can enroll through National College Entrance Examination only. All other students can enroll in February, April or September. As of 2017, it accepts Chinese students from following provinces: Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Hainan, Liaoning. All incoming students must take English exams in National Higher Education Entrance Examination.As at January 2021, there are more than 15,000 students enrolled in Xiamen University Malaysia.
Field campaigns consistently document bottom-intensified turbulent fluxes near the seafloor, whose vertical divergence drives abyssal densification and diapycnal downwelling. This appears paradoxical under the classical assumption of steady abyssal stratification, because dense bottom waters continuously enter from Antarctic source regions. Motivated by evidence of evolving Indo-Pacific stratification, we use idealized simulations to investigate abyssal overturning circulation under transient and steady-state conditions. Using a kinematic rather than a thermodynamic water-mass-transformation approach, we diagnose advective overturning transport, isopycnal volume tendency, and kinematically diagnosed diapycnal transport in two cooling experiments with different mixing intensities, one warming experiment, and one quasi-equilibrium experiment. Advective upwelling occurs in all four experiments, whereas the direction of diagnosed diapycnal transport varies. In Type-I cooling, the isopycnal volume tendency exceeds the advective overturning in magnitude, yielding downward diagnosed diapycnal transport; in Type-II cooling, the advective overturning exceeds the isopycnal volume tendency, yielding upward diagnosed diapycnal transport. The warming and quasi-equilibrium experiments also exhibit upward diagnosed diapycnal transport. These relationships remain qualitatively consistent in potential-temperature coordinates. The Type-I cooling experiment also spontaneously produces an observationally documented bottom-intensified buoyancy-flux profile, with an e-folding length scale comparable to previous estimates. Thus, transient cooling does not uniquely determine the direction of diagnosed diapycnal transport; rather, its direction depends kinematically on the relative strengths of advective overturning and isopycnal-volume adjustment. Within the idealized framework examined here, these results provide a transient kinematic interpretation of the classical interior-downwelling conundrum while showing that diagnosed diapycnal downwelling is not an inevitable consequence of abyssal cooling.
As global CO2 emissions continue to rise, numerous carbon-capture technologies have been deployed to tackle this issue. Among the alternative methods, photocatalytic CO2 reduction offers a sustainable alternative by utilizing solar energy, especially for efficiently utilizing photoinduced electron-hole pairs in photoredox systems to yield value-added chemicals. To date, numerous studies still report consumption of holes using sacrificial agent, narrowing the product range to merely the reduction side. This review outlines the fundamental studies of CO2 photoreduction and value-added chemical oxidation, mechanism pathways and the oxidative transformations of alcohol and amine oxidation, hydrocarbon activation, H2O2 formation, and pollutant degradation through various in-situ and operando characterizations. On top of that, the ongoing photocatalytic modification for this system has been summarized, framing the importance of photocatalyst design for photoredox pairings, surface charge separation and selectivity control. The newest application in different value-added chemical production is also summarized in this review. All in, this review provides a foundational reference for advancing next-generation redox-coupled photocatalytic applications.
This study investigates the impact of CEO succession on corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance in family firms. Drawing on socioemotional wealth perspective, we argue that CEO succession creates tension between financial accountability and non-financial objectives as successors seek to establish legitimacy and maintain organizational stability. During this period, successors are likely to prioritize financial accountability, organizational continuity, and family control, reducing attention to reputational objectives maintained through CSR. We further propose that external pressures, including peer firms’ CSR practices and media attention, moderate this relationship by increasing the legitimacy costs of reducing CSR engagement. Using data from Chinese family firms, we find that CSR performance declines significantly one to two years after succession. This negative relationship is stronger when external pressure is weak but is mitigated, and may even reverse, under stronger peer and media pressures. Our findings demonstrate how family firms balance financial and non-financial objectives during leadership transitions.
PurposeThis study aims to investigate the role of fashion influencers in shaping consumer behaviour within an omnichannel retail environment using the Malaysian market.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected with a sample size of 298. To study trustworthiness, perceived expertise, similarity and attractiveness as predictors of consumer purchase intention, this study employed SmartPLS 4.0's structural equation modelling tool to analyse the data. Other than the usual reliability and validity tests, this study explores consumer attitudes as an important mediator in the structural model.FindingsThe results of the structural model indicate that the trustworthiness, perceived expertise, similarity and attractiveness of the fashion influencers had positive and significant effects on consumer purchase intention, with perceived expertise showing the strongest effect. The study also showed that consumer attitude plays a complete mediation role in the effect of trustworthiness on the purchase intention, as well as attractiveness on the purchase intention. Nonetheless, the effect of perceived expertise and similarity on purchase intention passed partially through consumer attitude.Research limitations/implicationsThis study found that consumer attitude plays a crucial role in mediating influencer attractiveness and trustworthiness on purchase intention. We highlight the importance of this dynamic in fashion marketing for the firms that are engaging fashion influencers.Originality/valueIn this study, we propose that fashion influencers serve as a key driver in shaping consumer preferences and purchasing behaviour. By employing empirical data and the partial least squares structural equation model, the study offers actionable insights for marketing strategists and fashion brand managers. The findings highlight effective strategies for leveraging fashion influencer marketing within the omnichannel retail framework to enhance consumer engagement and drive sales.
The potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to make a transformative impact in the chemistry research and education field begins with the contributions of university administrators, instructors, and students. As a team of international authors from 9 global regions representing these 3 roles in the university, we use public data to argue for a re-thinking and update to the chemistry curriculum to train the next generation of scientists. To prepare researchers for the future with AI, chemistry education must be designed for new approaches to problem-solving and ways of thinking. Analysis of higher education AI chemistry courses was extracted from publicly available information based on the 2024 QS World University Ranking and separated into two categories: “computational coursework” and “AI/ML coursework”. The data revealed that institutions with existing computational coursework also tend to offer AI/machine learning coursework. The paucity of these courses may reflect different funding priorities or a shortage of faculty trained in AI chemistry. Overall, immediate users such as university teachers can apply the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)-AI framework, originally proposed by Mishra and Koehler (2006) to describe the synergistic intersection of teachers’ technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge, and recently extended to encompass AI (Mishra et al., 2023), for instructional design, inspiring curriculum material and pedagogies to be conducive to learning chemistry. While novel approaches to teaching and learning can face significant implementation challenges due to various cultures, pedagogical innovation must continue to remain a priority to ensure our training remains relevant for future students. In this paper, we encourage the development of normative frameworks within higher education that avoid unequal workloads on academic staff and ensure all stakeholders have a voice in the creation of curriculum and training of our students for the future.
