Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

A promising direction for modifying the properties of electrodeposited coatings is the use of non-stationary electrolysis and the introduction of an additional alloying component. The effect of the reverse potential polarization mode parameters on the composition and corrosion resistance of Zn–Ni, Zn–Ni–Co alloys was studied. The coatings were deposited on a steel support (St45) in a sulfate-glycinate solution. The alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy. It is established that the use of the reverse electrolysis mode contributes to the production of finer crystalline coatings with a high Ni content in the alloy. The inclusion of Co in the Zn–Ni alloy, the use of the reverse polarization mode contributes to an increase in its corrosion resistance by 2 times at a thickness of 5‒10 μm.

The aim of the study is to present the methodology for conducting the practical teamwork assignment “Devel-opment of the ‘Russian Civilization’ Game Concept”. The importance of the proposed methodology lies in the implementation of an innovative development of a new course in its practical implementation. The novelty of the work consists in engaging students in the creative process of assimilating and generating new knowledge, as well as activating their intellectual and organizational potential. The authors of the article reveal the role of the conceptual-game methodology in conducting classes as a form of achieving a synergistic effect in team-work. The use of this specific methodology reveals the systemic nature of the subject while simultaneously im-plementing the regional aspect of the course. Its analysis of the value and worldview foundations of Russian society makes it possible to master the philosophical methodology of the study of civilization and discover the mechanisms of using the conceptual model of the worldview. This allows for the disclosure of the content of each element of the presented model, as well as its manifestation in the mechanisms of team activity. The practical significance of the work lies in providing students with a clear example of applying a systematic ap-proach, as well as mastering the mechanisms of joint research activities.

In conditions of unpredictable and severe weather, the role of tires in ensuring road safety cannot be overestimated. Whether it's snow–covered areas, icy surfaces, wet asphalt, or other unforeseen situations, driving safety largely depends on the condition of the tires and the pressure level in them. As tires wear out, their ability to provide reliable grip on wet surfaces and effectively remove water from the driving path decreases, which significantly increases the risk of road accidents. And if the tire pressure does not match the norm, this can lead not only to damage to them, but also to serious problems with the handling of the car, especially when performing maneuvers in difficult and dangerous situations, which is fraught with loss of control of the vehicle. This article discusses technologies that can improve the safety of tires to continue driving after a puncture, in particular, reinforced sidewalls. The paper outlines the main and most important aspects of proper tire operation – compliance with pressure, seasonality, control of tread wear and its effect on wheel grip and vehicle handling. The article also discusses the technical aspects and design features that ensure reliable traction of tires in all conditions, reducing the risks of accidents resulting from aquaplaning and skidding. Thus, it is relevant to study the methods of ensuring the safety of car tires, including in adverse weather conditions, punctures and lack of tire pressure.

The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the factors influencing the toxigenicity of cyanobacteria of the genus Microcystis and their ability to synthesize hepatotoxic peptides known as microcystins. Environmental factors affecting the ratio of toxigenic to nontoxigenic strains in aquatic ecosystems, as well as the expression levels of genes responsible for microcystin biosynthesis, are analyzed. Particular attention is given to the roles of temperature, light intensity, eutrophication, oxidative stress, and the availability of trace elements. Methods for monitoring toxigenic populations, including molecular biological approaches such as PCR and RT-PCR, are also discussed. Understanding the environmental drivers of toxigenic Microcystis proliferation may contribute to predicting the occurrence of microcystins in drinking water sources and determining optimal sampling periods for toxin monitoring in source waters.