In this work mechanism and kinetics of crystallization for thin films on the basis of Ge-Sb-Te-Bi and Ge-Sb-Te-In perspective for phase change memory application were investigated.Possible data processing and storage times of the PCM cell were estimated.It was shown that PCM cell based on Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 +0.5 wt.% Bi have minimum data processing and maximum data storage times in comparison with the other investigated materials.
Document image analysis has been widely used in historical and heritage studies, education and digital library. Document image analytical techniques are mainly used for improving the human readability and the OCR quality of the document. During the digitization, camera captured images contain warped document due perspective and geometric distortions. The main difficulty is text line detection in the document. Many algorithms had been proposed to address the problem of printed document text line detection, but they failed to extract text lines in curved document. This paper describes a segmentation technique that detects the curled text line in camera captured document images. Keywords - Curved document images, Gradient vector flow, Gray scale image, Optical character recognition, Rectification.
针对以词元作为观察集的隐马尔科夫模型的不足,利用词元的结构特征对词元进行归类,提出基于符号特征的隐马尔科夫模型.该模型中的每个状态均用若干符号特征进行表达,并用正则表达式和利用文本推断得出的特征列表对符号特征加以描述.在此基础上利用Veterbi算法对科研人员个人主页中的科研信息进行提取试验,在较高信息冗余度的情况下,获得了较好的效果.
From 1990psilas, e-money has developed very quickly. Many economists proposed their view by theory. They think that e-money, designed to substitute central bank currency, could take impact on money supply, especially on the narrowly defined stock of money, M1. In modern economy, money has played a very important role, so e-money has a big potential to affect GDP. The paper discusses how e-money has impact on M1 and GDP based on the data from 1990psilas to now. In the analysis, we can get following conclusions: (1) as a payment media, the development of e-money has increased rapidly, we can see e-money has very strong potential in economy. (2) Now, the volume of e-money is still very little. And e-money has little impact on M1 and GDP. (3) In a short time, e-money can hardly replace currency in circulation, and they will exist simultaneously for a long time. (4) Now it is unnecessary to carry out any policy to restrict the development of e-money. Such as e-money issue mechanism, but it is necessary to build an e-money balance report mechanism.
The emerging wireless and mobile networks have extended electronic commerce to another research and application subject: mobile commerce. This creates new opportunities for customers to conduct business from any location at any time. One of the important uses of mobile applications is transforming the mobile phone into a mobile wallet with digital cash that supports both anonymity (as real cash) and security [3]. Hence, in this article we propose a scheme to support m-commerce transactions and provide fully anonymity for mobile users. Our scheme is based on 160 bit ECC, Whose security intensity is equal to 1024 bit RSA. The paper describes the model, infrastructure and details of the protocol. It also discusses the applying ECC on protocol, some implementation issues and restrictions in mobile payment systems.
The link layer routing protocols 6lowpan ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing (LOAD) and dynamic MANET on-demand for 6lowpan (DYMO-low) are integrated in 6lowpan stack. The stack is less complicated and it support IPv6 enabled packets route for biomedical data. Both routing protocols are modified and developed new approach for patient healthcare monitoring system. Thus, proposed integration method is more reliable speedily in healthcare monitoring system than existing protocol in 6lowpans. Mesh routing components are introduced to enable messages to deliver around the nodes. Itpsilas a new approach to monitor patients globally and analysis healthcare biomedical data, even though the doctors and patients both are fart in distance. During emergency cases, doctor able to monitor patient condition efficiently to reduce time consuming, thus is provider more effective healthcare system. For real-time testing, dummy biomedical data are used in IP-based ubiquitous sensor nodes and gateway. Real-time implementation results are show for the integration protocol and it is more reliable in compare to other 6lowpan protocols.
A compact variation-aware timing model for standard cells is developed. It incorporates variations in the input waveform and loading, process parameters, and the environment into the cell timing model. PCA is used to form a compact model of a set of waveforms impacted by these sources of variation. Cell characterization involves describing how waveforms are transformed by a cell as a function of these variations. Different versions of factorial designs and Latin Hypercube sampling have been explored to model cells, and their complexity and accuracy is compared. The models have been evaluated by calculating the delay of paths. The results demonstrate improved memory in comparison with table-based static timing analysis at comparable computational cost.
A multi-user stream turbine virtual maintenance training system framework is put forward in this paper. It includes virtual object layer, data management layer and network layer. Maintenance process model to support stream turbine maintenance and maintenance train is given. An Equation to calculate the time of the whole maintenance process is given. A multi-user turbine virtual maintenance training prototype system is developed based on CATIA/SolidWorks and ADAMS, which supports that multiple users log and work altogether by CSCW computer support collaborative work tool, and learn how to carry out steam turbine collaborative maintenance work in the virtual environment. A steam turbine rotor assembly maintenance training case, including maintenance task, maintenance plan and maintenance human-machine model are given at last.
Design of assembly tolerance and sequence of a product is one of the important factors which affect product quality and cost. However, it is influenced by many complicated factors, so there are still a lot of problems which need to be resolved compared with other research works in CAD field. By means of the product prototype in CAD system as well as the establishment of hierarchical assembly structure tree model, this paper uses the related reasoning rules to solve the assembly sequences of the product. Then on this basis, automatic generation of assembly tolerance types and construction of assembly tolerance network are realized based on the variational geometric constraints theory and polychromatic sets theory. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. This paper realizes the organic combination of assembly sequence and tolerance design, effectively reduces the difficulty and complexity of assembly tolerance generation, and simplifies programming realization.
This paper proposes a data layout method for reducing the rotation delay of read access in Modern hard disk drive. TPL (Track Partition Layout) is a data layout that mainly bases on the detailed knowledge of the hard disk's physicalgeometry. By dividing one disk track into a set of partitions of sectors and duplicating data in these partitions, the rotational latency would be greatly reduced. And the method also contribute to minimizing the response time of disk request. We have implemented this layout method in the widely used disk simulator - DiskSim by slightly revising the code in disk controller module, and have chosen four different types of disk to run the experiment. As the simulationshows, with a typical workload trace, the average rotational latency decreased to 70% when dividing a track into only two partitions. This number further drops to 42% when the number of partition reaches 32. Also, the averageoverall I/O system response time drops correspondingly from 83% to 65%.
To access distributed computational resources and manage users' jobs is a key issue for Grid framework to support large distributed computing environment. Web Service Grid Resource Management System (WSGRMS) is a scheduling system which provides an easy way to manage distributed computational resources and an efficient way to process a large number of user requests for computing. It's designed on Web Service to adapt robust and scalable requirement by grid. Based on agents, it implements a virtual cluster system. In this paper, we will describe the architecture and implementation of WSGRMS. We also discuss how it's integrated into LCG/OSG Grid.
Blind source separation has been one of the hottest areas in the signal processing fields,and it has application in the Telecommunication System, speech enhancement, remote sensing and medical imaging. To improve the fast fixed-point algorithm based on independent component analysis (ICA) with only one activated function,we propose a new algorithm which includes three activated functions. In this paper, the nonlinear functions are hyperbolic cosine function, Beta distribution function and Pearson system function. Results from experiments show that it will not only maintain the characteristics of the original algorithm, but also can separate some signals which can't be separated by the original algorithm.
The Transition Refinement and Place Refinement of Petri nets are studied. the holding properties such as Behavior Invarity, Unit Relativity, Fairness and Invariants are presented, also the properties of Fairness, Invariant in the Refinement are also given. On the base of these properties, the approach of how to design a MPI parallel program using Refinement is proposed.
In this paper, a light mobile GIS framework is proposed which is based on J2ME and mobile scalable vector graphics (SVG). Firstly, in this framework, it gives a general mobile GIS framework, the specification of mobile SVG, the specification of mobile XML, and the rules for spatial data organizing. Secondly, all kinds of GIS code rules are defined, how to manage map layer in SVG is defined, all kinds of GIS’s object can be described in SVG and DOM of XML. And finally, in distributed environment, based on SVG, JAVAME and related technologies, a light mobile GIS platform is implemented, and the platform is applied to the Daqing oil field. In the oil field, many oil fields are remote from the company, some oil fields are not covered by wire-network, in this case, remote oil well production data can be transmitted by means of wireless network, In this case, the light mobile GIS platform can be used to not only transmit production data, but also locate the interested objects. The practical application shows that this light mobile GIS platform is primarily able to satisfy practical applications in speed and LBS.
Doppler weather radar plays an important role for detecting and forecasting severe weather, it could probe atmosphere with high spatial and temporal resolutions. Because Doppler velocity ambiguity disturbs target recognition and data application, a lot of work focuses on velocity dealiasing. This research tries to study a new interactive method for unfolding the velocity ambiguity with the computer graphic function, which is quite different from the previous unfolding methods. The positive and negative areas of radial velocity are distinguished by zero velocity line in the radial velocity field which is easy to do with human's experience, then unfold process has been made in the selected area. This method needs not any extrapolation and hypothesis, could deal with one and more times velocity ambiguity. The result shows this unfold method is convenient and fast, and corrected information accuracy is ensured.
The 21st century is the times of Digital Information. Most governments focus on the development of digital information, such as America, Japan, Korea, Britain, Germany, France and China. Over 90 percent of invention can be found in patent literature around the world each year. The Scientometric study of the patents in the field of international digital information transmission has an important reference value for establishment of the national industry policies on digital information and establishment of the enterprise protection on intellectual property right. By using scientometric analysis of patent literature during 1991-2006 of Samsung Electronic Ltd Corp. (shortened form Samsung Corp.) whose patent output from 2005 to 2006 occupied the first class in the field of digital information transmission all over the world, the author found that those prolific inventors who invented above 20 patents formed a close collaboration network; the output of inventors’ patent and the network centrality are direct proportion relationship.
