Objective To establish a new method to accurately measure the viability of fat for grafting, which can lay a foundation for the further study of fat transplantation. Methods We centrifugated 5 groups of fat respectively at 1?000 r/min, 2?000 r/min, 3?000 r/min, 4?000 r/min and 5?000 r/min, took out 12 samples from per group of centrifugated fat, 5 ml per sample, and put them into dishes to incubate with DMEM containing glucose for one hour. Simultaneously we set up 5 control dishes (only containing DMEM without fat) to incubate together with those experimental dishes. After incubating we measured the glucose consistence of DMEM in all dishes. The glucose consistence difference between the mean value of 5 control dishes and per experimental dish represented the glucose transportation quantity of per sample, in other words, the sample viability. We analyzed and compared the glucose transportation quantity of every group of samples with t test. The 5 groups of fat were also put in histopathologic examination and the amounts of intact adipocytes on per group of slides were compared with T test. Results The glucose transportation quantities of group 1?000 r/min,2?000 r/min, 3?000 r/min, 4?000 r/min, 5?000 r/min gradually decreased in turn (P0.05). The histopathologic examination didn't show the difference among group 1?000 r/min, 2?000 r/min, 3?000 r/min and 4?000 r/min the 5?000 r/min (P0.05), and only showed the amounts of intact adipocytes on slides of group 5?000 r/min were significantly fewer than other four group (P0.05). Conclusion The glucose transportation test can be used to accurately measure the viability of fat. The histopathologic examination can reveal fat viability roundly. ;
Objective To explore the factor of age related to protraction response. Methods Four 12-week mongrem dogs in the same nest were randomly assigned into two groups: the control (n=1) and the experimental groups (n=3). Four pairs of titanium bone markers were fixed on either side of the bone sutures of all animals. Distraction device was fitted in the experimental group, A forward elastic force was exerted through the device for 1 month. Midface skeleton protraction was applied to experimental group at different age. Dog 2 was started at 12 weeks of age. Dog 3 was started at 16 weeks of age.Dog 4 was started at 20 weeks of age. The protration force was 600g.All the animals were sacrificed at their age of 9 months.The results were evaluated clinically, radiographically,and cephalometrically. Results All the animals in the experimental group showed progressively forward movement of the maxilla at the end of the experiment. In the same condition,the younger age appeared to have more effective in treatment than the older age. After 3～4 weeks stagnation, the maxilla gradually recovered normal growth. Conclusion The younger age lead more effective protraction than the older age. Persistent elastic distraction at the medium position of midface brought stable effects and no influence on facial growth.;
ObjectiveIntroducing a new technique for preventing the scar growthing in split thickness skin donor sites using the great sheets of epidermis covering. Methods The donor sites of split thickness skin were grafting with the great sheets of the epidermis, of the thickness about 0.07～0.12 mm, harvested by electrical power dermatome and fixed the edges of the epidermal sheet with the verges of donor wound together using the nanoparticles-Ag-gauze stripes adding the sutures or skin stapler, dressing the wounds with the nanoparticles-Ag-gauze using the tie-over technique, left the dressing entire for a 5_day period. Results This method were used in a total of 209 donor sites of both the split-thickness skin and epidermis for 133 reconstructed sites of 118 cases from November 1999 to November 2003, and the smooth , near normal skin appearnce without scarring were obtained in the split thickness skin donor sites, and the epidermal donor sites healed good enough 5 days after surgery, and skin appearnce is near normal in 3 months later. ConclusionsCovering the donor sites of split thickness skin with the large sheets of epidermis is an effective and useful method for preventing the scaring in the split thickness skin donor sites.
Objective To report a method of repair facial skin defects with a skin flap of SMAS pedicle. Methods According to the size of defect of skin , design a skin flap with SMAS pedicle for repair of defect Results The method has been successfully applied for skin defects of eyelid and lip in 14 cases with satisfied results. The area of the largest flap was 5 cm×3 cm. Conclusion Repairing facial defects such as eyelid skin defect or lip skin defect with skin flap of SMAS pedicle is a very good method. The flap has a good blood supporting and satisfactory color and flexibility.;
ObjectiveTo investigate new methods of treatment for penile hypospadias. Methods Urethroplasty was performed for penile hypospadias using inner preputial skin grafts combined with preputial island flap. Results A total of 10 patients have received this procedure. After a mean follow up of one year, no fistula or urethral stricture was found. All patients obtained excellent cosmetic results. ConclusionsThis method allows for adequate correction of severe chordee. It is a useful procedure for selected cases of primary hypospadias with severe incurvation.
Objective To study the effect of the fixation on skull and thorough mobilization of the brow area on the results of the endoscopically assisted subperiosteal forehead lift. Methods The operation procedure included adequate subperiosteal dissection, especially at the frontotemporal transition area; complete mobilization of the brow area and fixation of the incised scalp to the skull through a cortical tunnel without tension. 19 patients received the operation. Results Long-term follow-up showed that all the 19 patients were satisfied with the surgical results. A transient frontal branch paresis happened in one case, which resolved in 3 months spontaneously without sequelae. Conclusions Cortical tunnel fixation well keeps the brows at a lifted position and achieves persistent rejunvenation of the forehead.;
Objective Applicate autologous buccal mucosal graft pre-transplantation for urethral reconstruction of complicated hypospadias by staging. Methods From 1999 to 2003 ,40 patients have been treated by method of autologous buccal mucosal graft pre-placing.There were two models:graft onlay and graft-tube for urethral reconstruction,and the 2rd operation was accomplished half year later. Results All patients healed without urethral fistula. Conclusion The methed is valuable for treatment of complicated hypospadias.;
Objective To investigate a safe method for correcting the secondary deformity after reduction mammaplasty. Methods A periareolar incision or original incision was done and the wedge-shaped glandular tissues were removed inferior-laterally in 11 patients. Results 10 cases obtained the satisfactory results. One patient underwent the third operation 6 months after because of the obvious scar, and the result was yet unsatisfactory 1 year later. Conclusions No matter which pedicle was used in the first reduction mammaplasty, a periareolar incision or original incision with wedge-shaped glandular tissue resection is a safe method for repeated reduction mammaplasty.
Objective This clinical study was to explore why the neo urethra is liable to be infected after hypospadias operation, find the source and the common floras of infection, and accordingly, improve the perioperation procedures so as to reduce postoperative infection rate. Methods The pathogenic floras were examined and analyzed by germiculture and karyotype analysis. Results The bacteria in the neo urethra mostly came from the orifice and the reconstruction material of the urethra. The most common floras that caused infection were gram positive coccus. The most sensitive antibiotics for hypospadias infection were demethylvancomycin. Conclusions The postoperative infection of hypospadias is incisional, not the urinary system infection. Because the microenvironment of the neo urethra is more suitable for infection than that of the skin or mucosa, the reconstructed urethra is likely to be infected. ;
Objective To diagnose and classify the congenital craniofacial cleft with a uniform scale is helpful to evaluate the abnormality and select the repairing methods. Methods We analyzed 81 cases of congenital craniofacial cleft basically using Tessier craniofacial cleft classification. Furthermore, according to the position of soft tissue or bone, the character and degree of clefts or dysplasia and the results of CT scanning, we subdivided the congenital deformities based on S (skin), T (tissue), and O (OS). Arabic numerals were used to express the degree of the abnormality. Results Of all the cases analyzed with the STO classification, No. III and IV clefts are often seen in the infraorbital region (24.70%). No. IX and X clefts are mostly seen in the supraorbital region (38.27%). The relationship between the cleft types and involved tissue has not been found. Conclusions The STO classification reinforces Tessier classification. It offers the basis for craniofacial cleft repair.
Objective To explore the use of triamcinolone acetonide for the prevention of implant capsular contracture. Methods 20 rabbits were randomly individed into 2 groups of 10 animals each. Every 10 ml silicone implant was implanted beneath the panniculus carnosus muscle of one rabbit. At the same time, a modified expander catheter was mounted on the implant. This catheter has many lateral holes and the end was blind. Triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/3 ml) was infused through the expander pot and catheter as the experimental groups. On the other hand, 3 ml saline was used as the control group at 1,2,and 3 months. At 6 months, measures related to contracture and capsular histology examinations were performed on anesthetized animals. Results Baker scores, capsular incision width and capsular thickness of the saline groups were evidently higher than that of triamcinolone acetonide groups (P0.01). Implant compression of the saline groups was evidently lower than that of triamcinolone acetonide group. Histology revealed a thinner capsules and less fibrous tissue deposition around the triamcinolone acetonide group, as compared with saline group. Conclusions It is effective to deliver triamcinolone acetonide to reduction of capsular contracture through the catheter and its pot.;
OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical feature of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis and to investigate the advantage and disadvantage of all kind of surgery methods of TMJ ankylosis for supplying references to the treatment of TMJ ankylosis.METHODSAetiology, sex, age at time of treatment, clinical features, radiographic findings, surgical treatment was reviewed and analyzed.RESULTSTrauma (66.86%, n = 117) and infection (24.57%, n = 43) were the primary causes of TMJ ankylosis. The 10 approximately 19 years age group (44.57%, n =78) occupied the highest frequency in five age groups, one hundred and fourteen (65.14%, n = 114) of the patients presented with lateral ankylosis. They were carried out different surgery method according to their difference of age, aetiology, and so on.CONCLUSIONSThe person at 10 approximately 19 years old had the more feasibility of TMJ ankylosis than others. Trauma was the commonest cause of ankylosis. Different surgical method should be choose according to the different patient.
OBJECTIVE To investigate effectiveness of internal-fixation in mandibular fracture through endoscope. METHODS Use puncture internal-fixation under endoscope to treat 28 patients of fracture of mandibular angle, ramus and condyle. RESULTS The 28 patients were restorated with occluding relation in good apposition. The healing of mandibular fracture was very good. CONCLUSIONS The interal-fixation under endoscope is an effective way of treating fracture of mandibular angle, ramus and condyle, without facial scar and complication of facial nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) distribution at the neuromuscular junction (i.e. motor end-plate) following the free neurovascular muscle transfer. METHODS AChR in the gracilis muscle of the Wistar rat following free neurovascular transfer were labeled by fluorescent alpha-bungarotoxin and radioiodinated alpha-bungarotoxin. Then confocal microscope and gamma-counting were estimated to ACHR, qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS The junctional AChR numbers decreased to a minimum at the fourth week postoperatively, whereas the extrajunctional receptor numbers increased. From the fifth week postoperatively, the number of junctional AChR's increased. Even at 30 weeks after transfer, the morphology of the neuromuscular junction failed to return to the preoperative style. The number of acetylcholine receptors at the reinnervated neuromuscular junction also remained lower than the control. CONCLUSION The persistent weakness following free neurovascular muscle transfer may be attributed to these qualitative and quantitative changes at the neuromuscular junction.
Objective To investigate the pathogeny diagnosis,therapy and some possible method for prevention of intercurrented infection,after the operation of augmentation mammaplasty. Methods Comparing and analyzing the clinical representation and therapy of the seventeen intercurrented infecting case that we had, after the operation of the augmentation mammaplasty.The patients were treated by operating with different approaches. Results After the operation,all the infected patients recovered in a short while without back to surgery. Conclusions The infection after augmentation mammaplasty will get an effective controlling result if take a timely operative therapy according to the position and character of the intercurrented infection.But some galactophore will shrink after the cure of infection.\;
Objective To evaluate the advantages, disadvantages and their indications of total nasal reconstruction with different techniques. Methods A series of total nasal reconstruction were treated with four methods from 1975 to 2003. These methods were tubed flap of arm,midline forehead flap with skin graft, midline forehead flap with bilateral frontotemporal flaps for repairing the donor site, and expanded forehead flap. Results All of the patients were treated successfully. The shape and function of the reconstructed noses were satisfactory. However, the traditional forehead flap with skin graft may leave a unsightly big and black scar on the forehead. The technique of the tubed flap of arm could provide enough tissue without remaining forehead scar and be easily shaped, but it required long period, multiple procedures and body fixation for three weeks. Conclusions Midline forehead flap with bilateral frontotemporal flaps for repairing the donor site may be good for small nose reconstruction while expanded forehead flap could reconstruct a big nose. Tubed flap of arm may be used to the patients who do not wish to leave any scar on the forehead.Forehead flap with skin graft to repair the donor site should generally be avoided for nose reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of connective tissue growth factor on the pathogenesis of human hypertrophic scar. METHODS:Normal skin and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were cultured in vitro. The collagen synthesis of fibroblasts were measured by H3-proline incorporation method. The expression of connective tissue growth factor protein and mRNA of fibroblasts were detected with immunocytochemistry staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS:Compared with normal skin fibroblast, the collagen synthesis and the expression of connective tissue growth factor protein and mRNA in the hypertrophic scar fibroblast was higher (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:Connective tissue growth factor may play an important role in promoting the fibrotic process of hypertrophic scar.
Objective To investigate the role of adhesion between fibronectin and fibroblasts in wound healing as well as tyrosine phosphorylation proteins in procollagen mRNA expression. Methods The level of proα 1 (Ⅰ) mRNA and tyrosine phosphorylation protein were detected employing the techniques of RT-PCR and immunoblotting. After inhibition of tyrosine kinases,herbimycin A was added to the medium to block the pathway of tyrosine phosphorylation,the changes of procollagen mRNA and tyrosine phosphorylation proteins were further investigated. Results The adhesion between fibroblasts and fibronectin in wound healing not only induced the production of 98kd and 65kd tyrosine phosphorylation protein,but also enhanced obviously the expression of procollagen α 1(Ⅰ) mRNA. When the pathway of tyrosine phosphorylation was blocked,the level of procollagen α 1 (Ⅰ) mRNA lowered remarkably,accompanied by the decrease of 98kd,65kd tyrosine phosphorylation proteins. Conclusion The adhesion between fibronectin and fibroblasts plays an important role in expression increase of procollagen mRNA during wound healing,in the process of which tyrosine phosphorylation is a key step. ;
Objective To study the effects of aloesin and arbutin on normal cultured human melanocytes in synergetic method. Methods Building up the system of cultured human melanocytes .The cultured melanocytes in vitro were treated with the mixture of aloesin and arbutin. The cell viability and tyrosinase activity was measured by MTT assay,utilization of L-Dopa as the substrate respectively;melanin content was measured by image analysis system. Furthermore,the effects of the mixture on melanocytes were compared with that of aloesin and arbutin. Results The mixture of aloesin and arbutin showed an inhibition on tyrosinase activity of human melanocytes and reduced significantly melanin content .Between the mixture and the single use of aloesin or arbutin,there is significant difference( P 0.05). On the other hand,the mixture has little influence on melanocytes viability and there is negative significance. Conclusion The mixture of aloesin and arbutin can significantly inhibit the tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis of cultured human melanocytes. It showed the effects of aloesin and arbutin in a synergistic manner . It is worth to give farther study later. ;
