This study aimed to evaluate the whitening potential of various parts of Taiwanese mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) through both extracellular and intracellular assays. The inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity and the impact on B16F10 melanoma cell viability and melanin content were systematically investigated using various extracts, including crude methanol extracts and partitioned fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water). Extracellular results demonstrated that most large-leaf mahogany extracts at 100 ppm exhibited higher tyrosinase inhibition rates than the positive control, kojic acid (48.9%), particularly the hot water leaf (86.86%) and methanol peel (78.10%) extracts. Intracellularly, the n-butanol fraction of mahogany stones (50 ppm, 39.10%) and the water-soluble fraction (12.5-50 ppm, up to 50.13%) significantly reduced tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, methanol extracts from small-leaf mahogany leaves showed a superior ability to reduce cellular melanin content compared to large-leaf varieties. These findings suggest that specific parts and solvent fractions of Taiwanese mahogany possess significant whitening activities, supporting their potential application in cosmetic and therapeutic formulations.
The objective of this study was to catalogue clinically significant antigens of the Rh and Kell blood group systems among regular donors at the Regional Blood Transfusion Center (RBTC) of Bouaké. A total of 129 donors were included. ABO, Rh, and Kell typing were performed on samples collected from these donors using both slide and gel card methods. Among the donors, 120 (93.02%) were male and 9 (6.98%) female, aged between 19 and 58 years, with a mean age of 32.75 ± 7.9 years. The distribution of ABO phenotypes was as follows: O (49.6%, n = 64), A (17.1%, n = 22), B (27.1%, n = 35), and AB (6.2%, n = 8). Regarding the Rhesus (Rh) system, out of the 120 donors typed, 66 (51.2%) were RhD positive and 63 (48.8%) RhD negative. The most prevalent Rh antigens were c and e, each present in 99.2% of donors, followed by D (51.2%), C (17.1%), and E (10.3%). The observed Rh phenotypes were predominantly: ddccee (37.2%), Dccee (35.7%), ddCcee (11.6%), DccEe (8.5%), DCcee (4.6%), DccEE (1.6%), and DCCee (0.8%). The frequency of the Kell antigen (K) among these donors was 1.6%. The associated erythrocyte phenotypes were mainly O- cc dd ee K+ and O+ cc D Ee K+. The establishment of this erythrocyte phenotype database represents a valuable tool to enhance transfusion safety and reduce the risk of post-transfusion complications.
Background: Blood transfusion is an essential life-saving therapy but remains associated with a risk of transmitting infectious agents. In sub-Saharan Africa, transfusion-transmissible infections (TTI) such as HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis continue to pose a major challenge to blood safety. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of TTI among blood donors at the THIES Regional Hospital Blood Bank, Senegal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2024 among 2,599 blood donors aged 18–65 years. Serological screening for HIV, HBV (HBsAg), HCV, and syphilis was performed using validated rapid immunochromatographic tests. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed using R software. Results: The overall prevalence of TTI was 7.9%. HBV was the most prevalent infection (7.1%), followed by syphilis (0.4%), HIV (0.2%), and HCV (0.2%). One case of HIV/syphilis co-infection was identified. Male sex and replacement or family donor status were significantly associated with HBsAg positivity (p < 0.05). HIV seropositivity was significantly associated with first-time donor status (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Despite the low prevalence of HIV and HCV, the high burden of hepatitis B highlights the need for strengthened donor selection, vaccination strategies, and improved screening practices. Continuous surveillance remains essential to ensure transfusion safety in Senegal.
Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction (AITD) is a clinically significant complication, particularly in environmentally high-risk regions such as the Aral Sea area, where iodine deficiency and environmental pollution prevail. This study aimed to develop and validate an algorithm for early diagnosis and optimized management of AITD. A total of 98 patients receiving amiodarone therapy for cardiac arrhythmias were prospectively observed from 2022 to 2024. Thyroid dysfunction was classified as overt or subclinical hypothyroidism, overt or subclinical thyrotoxicosis, or euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia. Hormonal (TSH, free T4, free T3, TRAb, anti-TPO, anti-TG), biochemical, electrocardiographic, Holter, and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. Individualized therapy for hypothyroidism (L-thyroxine) and thyrotoxicosis (antithyroid drugs or glucocorticoids) was applied. The proposed algorithm enables early detection of AITD, optimization of therapy, prevention of complications, and improvement of patient outcomes in iodine-deficient regions.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, including oligoclonal bands (OCB) and the IgG index, is central to MS diagnosis but presents technical and interpretative limitations. The kappa free light chain (κFLC) index has emerged as a promising biomarker of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the κFLC index in MS, determine an optimal cutoff value, and compare its accuracy with OCB detection and the IgG index. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including 176 patients evaluated at the Neuroimmunology Laboratory of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Patients were classified into four groups: MS (n = 106), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD, n = 15), other inflammatory CNS disorders of autoimmune or infectious origin (ICNSDAI, n = 41), and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS, n = 14). κFLC, IgG, and albumin concentrations were measured in paired CSF and serum samples. The κFLC index was calculated and compared with OCB and IgG index results. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The κFLC index was significantly higher in MS patients (median: 85; IQR: 30–305) compared with NMOSD (3.37), ICNSDAI (1.62), and PNS (1.96) groups (p < 0.0001). A κFLC index cutoff of 15 demonstrated 92% sensitivity and 83% specificity, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.952. The κFLC index correlated with the IgG index (ρ = 0.587, p < 0.0001) and OCB positivity (ρ = 0.586, p < 0.0001). κFLC index values ≥100 were observed almost exclusively in MS, with one exception in a patient with acute HSV-1 encephalitis. Conclusion: The κFLC index is a sensitive and reliable biomarker for intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis in MS, offering advantages of automation, rapid processing, and objective quantification. External validation in independent cohorts is required before routine clinical implementation.
The thymus plays a crucial role in the generation of functional T cells, which are essential in adaptive immune responses. However, the involution, dysfunction, and even absence of the thymus induced by various factors such as aging, heredity, tumor, infection, and surgical removal, greatly impair or completely deprive the normal functions of the thymus and has been threatening the health of countless patients. Thus, reconstituting the thymus in these patients is remarkably necessary and urgent, in which thymus transplantation is viable, but the rare donors and related complications dramatically limit its clinical application. Other exogenous regeneration therapies, like sex steroid inhibition and cytokines treatments, usually have nonspecific, limited, and transient outcomes. By comparison, de novo cell-based strategies to reconstitute the thymus may be more feasible, which can generate fully functional thymuses usually using autologous cells without the dependence on limited thymus donors, thus avoiding transplant donor shortage as well as related complications, and overcome the defects of exogenous regeneration therapies. In this review, we summarized the progression in this field, including the generation of functional thymic epithelial cells (TECs), the clonogenic culture of TECs, stem cell treatment, and the construction of thymic organoids, to provide a global perspective for cell-based de novo thymus reconstitution.
Microorganisms inhabit diverse and often hostile environments, necessitating sophisticated defense mechanisms to survive predation, viral attacks, and competitive pressures. This delves into the array of defense systems employed by bacteria and archaea, highlighting recent research findings and their implications for microbial ecology and biotechnology. Microbial defense systems are essential for protecting organisms against invasive genetic elements such as plasmids and bacteriophages. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of both classical and emerging microbial immune mechanisms. It begins with foundational systems, such as restriction-modification (R-M) and the adaptive CRISPR-Cas systems, and then transitions to recently characterized defense systems, including DISARM, Gabija, and CBASS. The molecular components, mechanisms of action, and evolutionary significance of each system are thoroughly explored. Additionally, the chapter discusses the broader ecological roles of these systems and their potential applications in biotechnology and medicine. By integrating established frameworks with cutting-edge discoveries, this chapter presents a current and cohesive overview of the rapidly evolving field of microbial immune defense.
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract, with a notably high prevalence among women of African descent. While traditionally linked to hormonal factors, recent evidence implicates immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation in their pathogenesis. This case-control study assessed serum cytokine and immunoglobulin profiles in 400 Nigerian women aged 20-50 years, including 300 with ultrasound-confirmed fibroids and 100 age-matched controls. Serum levels of IL-1α (interleukin-1α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β), IL-6 (interleukin-6, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IgA (immunoglobulin A), IgG (immunoglobulin G), and IgM (immunoglobulin M) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nephelometry, analyzed in relation to BMI, parity, and ethnicity. Data were analyzed by SPSS (IBM version 26.0) with significance set at p < 0.05. Results showed significantly elevated IL-1β and IL-6 (P<0.01 and P<0.001) and significantly reduced IL-1α and TNF-α (P<0.01 and P<0.001) among women with fibroids, indicating a cytokine environment conducive to inflammation and fibrosis. IgM). levels were significantly reduced (P<0.005), suggesting impaired humoral immunity, while IgG), was mildly elevated. Ethnic subgroup analysis revealed higher IgA levels among Isoko women (P<0.001). Body mass index (BMI) and parity showed no significant effects, although some non-significant trends were observed. The findings support the role of immune dysregulation in fibroid development and highlight potential biomarkers and immune-based therapeutic targets, especially relevant for African populations disproportionately affected by fibroids.
Complete reporting and management of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) helps maintain the quality of vaccine delivery and monitor vaccine safety. We assessed AEFI reporting of Bangladesh with neighboring and high resource countries and also between rural and urban providers in Bangladesh. We calculated AEFI rates per 100,000 injectable vaccine doses from national vaccination program (2010-2014) between urban and rural providers using a z-test for two proportions. Non-abscess AEFI rates were used to assess reporting differences, while abscess rates indicated vaccine delivery quality. We compared Bangladesh’s AEFI data with reports from neighboring and high-resource countries. Of 97,620,629 reported vaccine doses, 8,003 AEFIs were recorded; 4,763 (60%) were non-abscess AEFIs, and 3,240 (40%) were abscesses. AEFIs were most frequently reported for pentavalent (12/100,000 doses), followed by BCG (6/100,000), and measles-rubella (3/100,000) vaccines. Non-abscess AEFI rates were higher in rural (5.3/100,000 doses) than urban areas (2.3/100,000 doses, p<0.001), while abscess AEFI rates were higher across all vaccines in rural areas (3.5/100,000 doses vs 2.3/100,000 doses, p<0.001). Overall reported AEFI rates (pentavalent: 7.6/100,000, BCG: 1.7/100,000, MR: 2.6/100,000) were lower than in other countries. Low rates in both urban and rural area of nonabscess AEFI compared with expected rates inherent for each vaccine suggested underreporting of AEFIs in Bangladesh. Despite likely underreporting of AEFIs, abscess AEFI rates were higher than several other countries, suggesting attention should be focused not only on the reporting of AEFIs, but also on the quality of vaccine delivery in Bangladesh, particularly in urban areas.
Background: Ozanimod, a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, represents the first-in-class oral small molecule therapy approved for ulcerative colitis (UC), marking a paradigm shift in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. Objective: To comprehensively review ozanimod therapy in IBD, evaluating its mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, safety profile, real-world experience, and practical implementation considerations through systematic analysis of available evidence. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using verified clinical trial data, observational studies, and regulatory documents from January 2016 to August 2025. Studies included randomized controlled trials, real-world evidence publications, safety analyses, and mechanistic studies. Key search terms included "ozanimod," "S1P receptor modulator," "ulcerative colitis," "Crohn's disease," and "inflammatory bowel disease." Results: Analysis of clinical trials revealed that ozanimod demonstrated significant efficacy in phase 3 UC trials, with clinical remission rates of 18.4% versus 6.0% (placebo) at week 10 and 37.0% versus 18.5% at week 52. Advanced therapy-naive patients showed enhanced responses (56% vs 39% symptomatic response by week 2). Real-world studies confirmed effectiveness in treatment-refractory populations with clinical response rates of 44-58% at week 10. The safety profile was favorable with predictable adverse events and no new safety signals in long-term follow-up. Conclusions: Ozanimod represents a significant advancement in IBD therapy, offering an oral, well-tolerated treatment option with unique mechanism of action. Enhanced efficacy in treatment-naive patients supports early positioning in treatment algorithms before biologics.
TLR ligands Resiquimod (TLR7/8) and Motolimod (TLR8) are used to activate NK cells and enhance immune defenses. This study reports the differential gene expressions of innate immune markers and Natural Killer (NK) cell lysins in rag1 mutant (rag MT) zebrafish to TLR8 and TLR7/8 activation in liver, kidney, and spleen tissues. Rag MT zebrafish were intracoelomically injected with Motolimod (VTX), Resiquimod (R848), or control saline. Gene expressions of interferon gamma (ifnγ), T-box transcription factor 21 (t-bet), novel immune type receptor 9 (nitr9), and NK lysins a, b, c, and d (nkla, nklb, nklc, nkld) were quantified at 6-, 12-, and 24-hours post-injection using quantitative PCR. We observed that the effects of TLR7/8 and TLR8 stimulation vary depending on the tissue type. R848 significantly upregulated ifnγ, t-bet, nitr9, and NK lysins across various tissues. In contrast, VTX had a more limited effect and primarily influenced nklc and nkld in the kidney and spleen, and nkld in the liver, suggesting tissue-specific responsiveness to TLR8. No significant changes in ifnγ or nkla expression were noted with VTX in any tissues, highlighting the specificity of TLR7 over TLR8 in these responses. Tissue-specific responses revealed dominant activation by TLR7/8 in the liver, particularly influencing ifnγ, t-bet, nitr9, nklb, and nklc. The kidney had high responsiveness to both TLR7/8 and TLR8. The spleen demonstrated broad gene activation by TLR7/8, but only nklc and nkld were significantly upregulated by TLR8. These findings demonstrate that TLR8 has selective effects, while TLR7/8 more broadly activates genes across the liver, kidney, and spleen in rag MT zebrafish. These NK cell gene expression findings suggest exposure to TLR7/8 and TLR8 ligands elicited differential effects across liver, kidney, and spleen tissues of rag MT zebrafish.
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides composed of 30 or fewer amino acids, with the ability to penetrate cellular membranes. Their therapeutic mechanism mainly lies in their ability to conjugate with a variety of biologically active substances, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, nucleic acids, proteins etc., forming complexes that can enter cells via energy-dependent endocytosis, delivering their cargo to the cell interior to exert their effects without affecting cell viability. In terms clinical application, CPPs show broad prospects. In the treatment of tumors, they can act as “smart carriers” for chemotherapy drugs, increasing the concentration of drugs within tumor cells and damage to normal tissues; they are also “powerful assistants” for gene therapy, effectively delivering nucleic acid-like substances, such as the MPG-8 membrane-penrating peptide carrying siRNA targeting cyclin B1 inhibits the growth of mouse transplanted tumors. In addition, they can also be used as “immunostim” of tumor vaccines to enhance immune response, and as “accurate navigation devices” of molecular imaging to assist in the surgical resection of tumors. Although there are still challenges such short half-life and incomplete understanding of the mechanism of action, with the deepening of research and the iteration of technology, CPPs are expected to provide new strategies and methods for treatment of a variety of diseases.
The thymus plays a crucial role in the generation of functional T cells, which are essential in adaptive immune responses. However, the involution, dysfunction, and even absence of the thymus induced by various factors such as aging, heredity, tumor, infection, and surgical removal, greatly impair or completely deprive the normal functions of the thymus and has been threatening the health of countless patients. Thus, reconstituting the thymus in these patients is remarkably necessary and urgent, in which thymus transplantation is viable, but the rare donors and related complications dramatically limit its clinical application. Other exogenous regeneration therapies, like sex steroid inhibition and cytokines treatments, usually have nonspecific, limited, and transient outcomes. By comparison, de novo cell-based strategies to reconstitute the thymus may be more feasible, which can generate fully functional thymuses usually using autologous cells without the dependence on limited thymus donors, thus avoiding transplant donor shortage as well as related complications, and overcome the defects of exogenous regeneration therapies. In this review, we summarized the progression in this field, including the generation of functional thymic epithelial cells (TECs), the clonogenic culture of TECs, stem cell treatment, and the construction of thymic organoids, to provide a global perspective for cell-based de novo thymus reconstitution.
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most significant threats to global public health with a seemingly limitless capacity for antimicrobial resistance. Developing preventive vaccines to combat these pathogens can provide long-term protective immunity. This study was conducted to evaluate the specific protein against which the protective antibody is produced in serum and splenic cell culture supernatant after vaccination in mice. The vaccine used was a formaldehyde-inactivated whole-cell vaccine against multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii. MDR A. baumannii, isolated from different samples, used in formaldehyde-inactivated vaccine and inoculated intradermally in experimental mice. Serum was collected from tail blood on days 13, 27 and 41 following 1st immunization. Two weeks after 3rd immunization, mice were challenged with live A. baumannii intraperitoneally and observed for 14 days. Sera from tail blood and mouse spleens were collected. MDR A. baumannii antigen was sonicated and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis was performed. Protective antibodies that bind with antigens in serum and culture supernatant were evaluated by ELISA. Survival rates were observed to be 100% at 14 days post-challenge among the immunized mice. Serum from pre- and post-challenge immunizations showed considerably greater optical density (OD) values of IgG than control mice. Although antibodies are developed against several antigens of different molecular weights, the protein fraction of 30-40 kDa showed a higher OD value. Formalin-inactivated intradermal immunization with MDR A. baumannii produced protective antibodies in mice against proteins of specific molecular weights. Proteins of 30-40 kDa molecular weights could be used as vaccine candidates to prevent A. baumannii infection.
Objective To investigate the expression level of heat shock protein 90α(HSP90α)in elderly patients with es-sential hypertension and analyze its relationship with hypertension and inflammatory factors.Methods A total of 70 elderly patients with essential hypertension who underwent health check-ups at the health examination center of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from February 2023 to October 2024 were selected as the study group.An additional 70 healthy volunteers who underwent health check-ups during the same period were chosen as the control group.Serum HSP90α,nuclear factor κB(NF-κB),interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and IL-1 levels were measured by double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in each group.Ser-um HSP90α,NF-κB,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1 levels were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of elderly essential hypertension.ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum HSP90α for elderly essential hypertension.The correlation between HSP90α and inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1)and the correlation between NF-κB and inflammatory factors were analyzed.Results The levels of HSP90α,NF-κB,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1 and NF-κB in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HSP90α,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1 and NF-κB levels were all independent risk factors for the development of essential hypertension in the elderly(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that HSP90α predicted the incidence of essential hypertension in the elderly with an area under the curve of 0.824(95％CI:0.757 to 0.892)and a cut-off value of 56.29 ng/mL.Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum HSP90α levels and NF-κB levels were positively correlated with IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1 levels in elderly patients with essential hypertension(P＜0.05).Conclusion HSP90α may be involved in the occurrence of senile essential hypertension by activating chronic inflammation.
Objective To evaluate the comparative effects of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and femoral nerve com-bined with lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia in elderly hip fracture surgery.Methods A total of 140 elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table:the experimental group(femoral nerve combined with lateral femo-ral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia,n=70)and the control group(combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,n=70).Hemodynamics at different time points,duration of sensory and motor block,postoperative pain,cognitive function,serum levels,and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results At T1,T2 and T3,MAP and HR in the test group were higher than those in the con-trol group(P＜0.05);at T1,T2 and T3,MAP in the control group was lower than that at T0 in this group(P＜0.05),oxygen satura-tion in the two groups was higher than that at T0 in this group,HR was lower than that at T0 in this group(P＜0.05);the onset time,perfection time and duration of sensory and motor block duration in the test group were longer than those in the control group(P＜0.05);at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after operation,the VAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group,and the MMSE score was higher than that of the control group((P＜0.05);at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after operation,VASscore and MMSE score in the two groups were higher than those at 6h after operation in this group(P＜0.05);the differences of IL-6,A β1-40 and S100β before and after operation in the test group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the total incidence of compli-cations in the test group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Femoral nerve combined with lateral femo-ral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia in elderly hip fracture surgery,compared with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,can effectively prolong the block time,reduce postoperative pain,maintain more stable hemodynamic parameters,improve postoperative cognitive function,reduce the incidence of complications,with obvious clinical advantages.
Objective To analyze the effects of different flow rates in high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on the success rate of weaning,blood gas and prognosis in elderly patients with severe pneumonia and difficulty in weaning.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 81 elderly patients with severe pneumonia and difficulty in weaning who were admitted to the second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from November 2022 to October 2024.All patients enrolled were given sequential high-flow nasal can-nula after extubation in the ICU.According to the flow rate in oxygen therapy,they were divided into group A(41 cases,40L/min)and group B(40 cases,50L/min).The effect of weaning,patient comfort level,blood gas indicators,and the prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of second intubation within 7 days and success rate of weaning showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The scores for dry mouth and nasal cavity,and sore throat in group A were significantly lower than those in group B(P＜0.05).The arterial partial pressure of oxygen,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide and pH showed no statistically sig-nificant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The incidence rates of adverse reactions in the two groups during oxygen therapy were close(P＞0.05).The length of ICU stay,length of hospital stay and the proportion of patients with poor prognosis during 28-day follow-up showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy with a flow rate of 40L/min can significantly increase comfort level of elderly patients with severe pneumonia,without significant influence on the success rate of weaning,blood gas indexes and short-term prognosis.
Succinylation is a post-translational modification process that plays a crucial role in regulating protein structure and function and is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that succinylation contributes to tumor progression by modulating metabolic reprogramming and influencing the expression of target protein genes. These alterations can significantly impact tumor development and progression. This review aims to summarize the mechanistic role of succinylation in tumorigenesis, providing insights into its potential as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and a target for therapeutic intervention.
Experimental laboratory records are a vital part of both teaching and scientific research, but traditional laboratory methods often fall short due to issues like authenticity concerns, limited accessibility and sharing, and challenges in preservation and organization. In today’s digital age, electronic laboratory records offer a promising alternative. With features like real-time recording, traceability, strong security and confidentiality, easy sharing and collaboration, and data visualization, these digital systems effectively address the shortcomings of traditional practices. This article explores the challenges of traditional laboratory records and introduces the concept of electronic laboratory recording and management systems, showcasing their potential to enhance and sustain progress in education and research.
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation combined with tongue pressure biofeedback training on dysphagia in elderly patients with ischemic stroke.Methods Ninety-six elderly patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke admitted to Handan Central Hospital from July 2022 to September 2024 were selected as the study sub-jects.They were randomly divided into a control group and a study group(48 cases for each group)by random number table.The con-trol group was given tongue pressure biofeedback training(46 cases were finally included),and the study group was combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation therapy on the basis of the control group(45 cases were finally included).Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)score,Swallowing Quality of Life Scale(SWAL-QOL)score,surface electromyography(sEMG)index,and cerebral hemodynamic parameters[mean blood flow velocity(Vm)and resistance index(RI)of cerebral arteries]and the efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,the FOIS and SWAL-QOL scores in the two groups were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the study group was higher than the control group(P＜0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment:the maximum amplitude and Vm of sEMG in the two groups were greater than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the study group was greater than the control group(P＜0.05);the swallowing time course in the two groups was shorter than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the study group was shorter than the control group(P＜0.05);RI in the two groups was less than that be-fore treatment(P＜0.05),and the study group was less than the control group(P＜0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the overall re-sponse rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation combined with tongue pressure biofeedback training can effectively improve sEMG and cerebral hemodynamics in elderly pa-tients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke,prominently reduce dysphagia,and prominently ameliorate eating ability and quality of life.
