Our research generalized the essence of globalization, its impact on the world economy and society. The authors argue that each subject of the global space should have specific initial prerequisites and opportunities for adaptation to global changes, ensuring stable performance in the world scene. Negative global trends, as well as their impact on the environment, are determined. The study proves the expediency of using the adaptive approach in preserving various ecological systems of the world, environmental quality in parallel to leveling environmental risks and preserving natural and biological diversity in different regions of the world. The study outlines critical priorities in implementing the adaptive approach to minimize ecological threats because of their complexity and scale. The adaptive approach's essence is to adapt to the external environment, given the existing internal threats. The adaptive approach is more effective, as it does not impose tight restrictions and implies each state's ability to independently choose directions and priorities for further development, with due regard to both resource capabilities and national interests. The paper proves that implementation of the adaptive approach results in the effectiveness of measures aimed at serving the interests of the state and society, keeping in mind the depth and extent of problems, peculiarities, and pace of socio-economic development of any state as well as social consciousness concerning the existing ecological threats. The authors determined that crucial areas of adaptation for Ukraine include developing ecological networks, increased use of alternative energy sources, improvement of domestic waste management combined with environmental education and consciousness to each element of the environment. Adaptation efficiency critically depends on responsibility for the adoption, implementation, and effectiveness of the identified critical approaches at all government levels. Responsibility is a significant prerequisite and the basis for implementing the previously mentioned adaptive approach concerning the efficiency of environmental preservation measures, including commitments under the international agreement on climate action – the Paris Agreement.
The article provides study results of the existence peculiarities of adventitious lepidopteran species of leaf blotch miners (Gracillariidee Steinton, 1854) Parectopa robiniella (Clemens, 1863) in the conditions of Dnipro city (Ukraine). In various ecosystems, the invasive leaf miner's invasion degree was estimated with the number of mines visually recorded on the leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia Linnaeus (1753) as a forage plant species. The research covered all major park ecosystems various in size within Dnipro city where the forage trees have been planted. Field surveys were conducted during three growing seasons (2018- 2020). The adaptive ability to survive in a new environment was evaluated by analyzing the intrapopulation and interpopulation polymorphism on the third stage of insect development (pupae). According to our study results on Robinia trees occupation by miner species, the highest density of mines was found in ecologically cleaner green areas like Oles Honchar Dnipro National University Botanical Garden and Dnieper-Orel Nature Reserve. Different living conditions may cause this; the miners that inhabit the green zones in Dnipro city may be affected by a complex of anthropogenic factors that suppress their populations' development. We can conclude that the most vulnerable Robinia specimens were those located outside the city boundary. Investigation of P. robiniella pupae morphometric characteristics showed that both linear characteristics and indices were stable relative to the average value since a significant variation coefficient was observed only in specimens collected in the Pridneprovsky Park. However, skewness and excess coefficients indicate that most studied P. robiniella populations showed a trend to displace Poisson distribution. Moreover, in this case, the sample selected in the Dnipro-Orel Nature Reserve also differed significantly: the high coefficient of excess was found for wing length and the ratio of body length to wing length, compared to other ecosystems. The population closest by this parameter was shown in the Peoples' Friendship Park, a pristine ecosystem compared to the city center. The intrapopulation polymorphism of two linear characteristics and three indices was higher than the interpopulation polymorphism. From this, we can conclude that pupae's diversity within a particular population or ecosystem is more significant than pupae's diversity from diverse ecosystems. That is, conditions of ecosystems within the city limits have little effect on pupae's diversity of the black locust miner. However, when comparing pupae samples collected within the city and outside its borders, morphometric characteristics can vary.
Increasing the heat resource and limiting the rainfall in the North-Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine resource contributed to a rapid increase in the yield of winter wheat, thermophilic soybeans, and, in particular, maize and other dominant crops. The acreage of these and other thermophilic crops is now larger than in 2000. The purpose of our work was to find out the trends of temperature and humidity in the climate, which determined the crop restructuring and yields in the Ukrainian North-Western Forest Steppe. We use paleoclimatology and paleoecology methodologies with verbal and graphic models and weather data for the Rivne (Ukraine) weather station and data on the structure of acreage and crop yields of the Main Directorate of Statistics of Ukraine in the Rivne region. We conducted field research during 1985-2018 in a stationary field of the Institute of Agriculture of Western Polissya NAAS (Ukraine). The heat supply of landscape agroecosystems has improved significantly. The average annual air temperature has been growing, especially in the period 2003-2018. The analysis of the sums of effective temperatures above 5 and 10 degrees C since 1961 over five years shows their steady growth. We noted an increase in annual rainfall from 1988 to 1992. They reached 634 mm during 1998-2007, which is 65 mm or 11.4% more than the climatic norm. However, their number decreased in 2013-2018, and in 2018 they were below the norm of 569 mm by 29%. The rapid increase in the sums of effective temperatures created favorable conditions for the cultivation of thermophilic crops such as corn, soybeans, and sunflowers in the Northwestern Forest Steppe. As these crops are rapidly expanding, the acreage structure and the general agro-landscapes in the region are very similar to the Southern Right-Bank Forest Steppe.
The complex of cruciferous bugs includes such species as painted or harlequin (cabbage) bug (Eurydema ventralis Kol), pentatomid rape bug (E. oleraracea L.), and mustard bug (E. ornata L.). They belong to a line Hemiptera, the family Shield bugs (Pentatomidae), and the genus Cruciferous bugs (Eurydema). The dominant species is the cabbage bug. The mustard bug dominated only in 2007, and since 2012 it has not been detected in the records. They are widespread throughout the whole territory of Ukraine. Both adult bugs and larvae damage the crops; they pierce the leaf skin or floriferous shoots with the proboscis and suck out the juice. The light spots appear at the puncture points, the tissue dies, falls out, and the irregular form holes are formed. When the seeds are damaged, the flowers and ovary fall off, and the seeds' quality deteriorates. The harmfulness of the bugs increases dramatically in dry and hot weather. We found out that the largest number of wintering bugs was concentrated in the forest belts, near which there were the crops of spring oilseeds and cabbage plants and the seeds of white cabbage. The density of wintering imagines of the cabbage bug was 1.7–4.4 specimens/m², and the density of the rape bug was 0.9–2.3 specimens/m² of the forest floor. In the first turn, the wintered bugs' imagines populated the cabbage seeds as a trap crop, and then they populated the sprouts of spring rape and mustard. The density of the cruciferous bugs on the seeds of white cabbage of Kharkivska 105 variety was 19.0-30.7 specimens per plant at the beginning of the populating of spring oilseed cabbage crops at the Educational, Research and Production Centre "Research Field" of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaiev (Ukraine). The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on the crops of spring oilseed cabbage plants was the following: 4.5±1.45 specimens/m² of the cabbage bug was found on spring rape of Ataman variety, 4.0±1.83 specimens/m² on white mustard of Carolina variety and 3.5±2.65 specimens/m² on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety; and the density of the rape bug was 0.7±0.23, 0.5±0.23 and 0.5±0.3 specimens/m² respectively. The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on spring rape of Ataman variety was 6.0±0.9 specimens/m², on white mustard of Carolina variety it was 5.7±0.85, on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety, the average density was 5.3±0.9 specimens/m² at the state enterprise "Research Farm "Elitne" (Ukraine). The highest number of cabbage and rape bugs at a density of 22.3–30.7 specimens/plant is concentrated on the seeds of white cabbage plants at noon, and the lowest number of them was found at 8.00 AM, and the density was 17.9–28.5 specimens/plant. The maximum density of 51-60 specimens/plant was at noon. We found out that the beginning of populating spring rape of Ataman variety by the bugs that occurred in the phenophases of 3−4 pairs of true leaves, namely during the rosette formation. The larval reappearance's beginning took place when the sum of the active temperatures was 520–688 °C (from the end of the third decade of April to the beginning of May's third decade when the sum of the active temperatures was 106-412 °C). We observed the peak of the cruciferous bugs' number from the second and third decades of June to the third decade of July, depending on the year's climatic conditions. The highest density of the bugs was observed before harvesting.
We found that as a result of adding sunflower oil in the amount of 10 and 20 grams to the feed supplement consisting of low-fat soy flour and sugar syrup, it undergoes the dose-dependent increase of the content of saturated, monounsaturated, and mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, both in fatty acids of total lipids and in non-esterified fatty acids. Providing bees with a feed supplement enriched with sunflower oil in the amount of 10 and 20 g leads to a dose-dependent increase in phospholipids' concentration in the breast tissue of honey bees. Simultaneously, in the phospholipids of the above tissues of I and II experimental groups, the relative content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids increases, but that of monounsaturated ones decreases. In this case, the ratio of the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 family to the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-6 family decreases in the phospholipids of honey's breast tissues bees in the experimental groups I and II. The increase in the concentration of phospholipids and the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 and especially omega-6 families leads to a dose-dependent increase in the sorption capacity of breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental groups I and II. Meanwhile, the content of iron, zinc, copper, chromium, lead, and cadmium increases in the breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental group II. Changes in the content of phospholipids, their fatty acid composition, and sorption capacity of breast tissues of honey bees of the experimental groups I and II are accompanied by changes in the reproductive capacity of bee queens and honey productivity worker bees. In particular, the queens of these groups increase egg production, and worker bees improve honey productivity.
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a unique and valuable crop. Its raw materials (fruits, leaves, seeds) due to therapeutic and consumer characteristics are demanding globally. In Ukraine, the H. rhamnoides industry has yet to be developed. However, with recent emerging interest and increasing plantings, sea buckthorn will play a significant part in the future nutraceutical market. The widespread use of raw materials of sea buckthorn is limited due to insufficient knowledge of its biochemical composition and, as a result, the lack of effective technologies for its processing. A comprehensive study of sea buckthorn varieties on morphological, biochemical, physicochemical properties will make it possible to use raw fruit by target appointment to produce high biological products. One of the most effective solutions to food problems of the person connected with a lack of vitamins is the development of new compoundings and technologies of juice and dessert production of functional orientation. The research objects were new promising sea buckthorn varieties (of Institute of Horticulture National Academy Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine breeding: 'Lvivyanka', 'Osinnia krasunia', 'Mukshanska', 'Rapsodiia', 'Medova osin') and their berries. In the study, microbiological, biometrical, population-species, biochemical, and physicochemical research methods were used. According to morphological features (presence of thorns, shape, size, and color of fruits), pedigree and biochemical properties, the ranking of sea buckthorn varieties by ecotypic and selection-genetical affiliation of habitats into Сarpathian, Carpathian х Mongolian, Jutland х Mongolian, Jutland х Siberian ecotypes were carried out. Biochemical, physicochemical analysis of fruits of new varieties of sea buckthorn breeding of the Institute of Horticulture of National Academy Agrarian Sciences (Ukraine) was presented, and recipes and technological parameters of blended juices and biscuit cakes were developed as new products with high biological value. Sea buckthorn berries have powerful bioindustrial potential, which requires further detailed study and a broader use in the food industry.
Pollination is one of the essential ecosystem services. In recent years, a severe global pollinator decline has been the prime concern of pollination scientists and agriculturalists. The red dwarf honey bee (Apis florea F.) is an important pollinator of the semi-arid to tropical environments of several parts of Asia and Africa. The actual status of the colony numbers and foraging populations of this honey bee are not known. In this article, I examined the status of these parameters of this honey bee in Northwest India. I conducted monthly surveys and counted the total number of colonies of the red dwarf honey bee present at the main campus of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) (in about 9 km2) from 1984 to 2011 at an interval of three years. I also counted the number of foraging honey bees on two crops, viz. a winter-flowering crop, Raya (Brassica juncea Czern & Coss), and a summer-flowering crop, Carrot (Daucus carota L). In 27 years, the number of colonies of this honey bee in the study area declined from 221.5±14.1 in 1984 to 53.4±6.6 in 2011. The foraging populations of this honey bee too declined from 31.2±0.3 bees/m2 to 9.2±0.2 bees/m2 on Carrot and from 25±0.3 bees/m2 to 3.3±0.2 bees/ m2 on Raya. This honey bee exhibited a significant decline in its colony number every 6 years. Foraging bees declined significantly every three years. The colony and forager surveys revealed that the red dwarf honey bee (Apis florea F.) seemed to face the threat of extirpation (local extinction) in Northwest India. This decline in the colony numbers and the foraging populations seemed to have caused a pollination crisis in this region. The decline in the colony numbers and the foraging populations seemed to be caused by the poisoning of foraging bees due to the excessive and indiscriminate use of insecticides on the Cotton and/or Rice crops that come in blooms during the floral dearth period of this region. Considered the importance of this honey bee in the pollination of crops, we suggested that this honey bee must be vigorously protected and conserved.
The article investigates reasons and arguments in the structure of scientific discussion of possibility of the use of methodology of environmental at working of administrative decisions in relation to reacting on an environmental and assistance to the injured population. Ground of the use of methodology of environmental for the acceptance of administrative decisions in environmental emergencies by the study of her methodology taking into account the rapid change of limitations and maximum terms is the aim of research of authors. The study of possibility of the use of methodology of environmental becomes complicated by divergence in determination of concept emergency management and determination of phases of that is confirmed by the studies of scientific information and current legislation generators. Reduction of time for development, acceptance and realization of administrative decisions, increase of vagueness and risk, necessity of bringing in of additional resources from backlogs-by the base aim of reacting on the origin of environmental that confirms actuality of this scientific research. The existence of different regimes of the functions of the system of public in environmental emergencies to inform about those who are not in charge of in the spheres of singing. The staff of the state authorities in the sphere of environmental will be able to take advantage of the speed of unburdened solutions. The acceptance of the self-weighted and adequate administrative decisions will help to economize resources and time for the removal of consequences and reduction of losses in the conditions of environmental emergency. It offers to conduct the study of possibility of application of methodology of environmental in such logical sequence: analysis of dynamics of environmental emergencies in Ukraine, study of their consequences, research of features of working and acceptance of administrative decisions in the conditions of environmental emergencies. The methods of analysis of the systems and object-oriented are select the methodical tool of research; research period limit 2015-2018 years. Functioning of State Service (SES) of Ukraine is select a research object from environmental emergencies, because it is a central executive that carries out a public policy in the sphere of the civil protection. Protecting of population and territories from environmental emergencies, prevention of their origin, reacting on environmental emergencies, saving, extinguishing of fires, fire and technological safety, activity of search and rescue teams, and hydrometeorological activity the competences of SES of Ukraine attributed to the limits from environmental emergencies. In the article, the presented results of empiric analysis of standardization of terminology and processes are in the conditions of environmental emergencies that proved that in Ukrainian realities processes in are based on the use of out-of-date approaches to the acceptance of administrative decisions case-insensitive factors of the resource providing. Research empiric confirms and in theory asserts that an urgent requirement in Ukraine is an input of going near a processes with the use of methodology of environmental management, and also updating of normative base in accordance with state standards. The results of the study may be useful for the preparation of masters in the sphere of Public Administration, specialization Emergency Management and improvement of activities in the accidents and disasters.
The article presents the research results of the green manure and crop by-products effect on the fertility parameters in Haplic Luvisols of the northern part of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe and crop productivity for the 14th year aftereffects of re-liming. Liming of gray forest soil contributes to the preservation, and, in combination with organic fertilizers, to the reproduction of humus reserves, improving other indicators of physicochemical properties of soil fertility. Usage of by-products (5 t/ha), sideration (4.4-5.0 t/ha) as an organic fertilizer on the background of the aftereffect of repeated liming with a full dose of hydrolytic acidity in Haplic Luvisols allowed to obtain from 15% to 30% increase in yield, even without the application of additional nitrogen fertilizers.
Presented results of the comparative analysis of non-sexed and sexed sperm of the same Holstein bulls after defrosting considering: the concentration of spermatozoa in 1 ml, their motility, survival, the dynamic characteristics of the movement, the acrosome integrity (intactness), the level of microbial contamination. It has been established that the motility and survival of sexed sperm were lower by 15–20% compared with similar traits of non-sexed sperm. The sperm of the bull Vioris Sleeman HOCANM7817774 had the highest activity rate in non-sexed and sexed forms. This demonstrates the possibility of breeding bulls based on this quality trait. The experimental results indicate the necessity to improve the technology of freezing and thawing sexed bull sperm and the relevance of training specialists of breeding centers and farms in Ukraine.
The results of research on the influence of growth regulators: gibberellic acid, succinic acid, and D-2Sl on increasing the seed productivity of sweet pepper F1 hybrids are highlighted. The research was conducted during 2018-2020 at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon NAAS, which is located in the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research material was the mother form of the sweet pepper hybrid Zlagoda F1 – L. 184/332 in the hybridization nursery. There were used drugs in plants (each in two versions of the rate of consumption): Gibberellic acid (1 mg/l; 5 mg/l), succinic acid (1 mg/l; 5 mg/l), the drug D-2Sl and 2.5 ml/l) - biologically active drug (growth regulator), a derivative of aspartic acid salt and 2-methylpyridine N-oxide, synthesized by the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Treatment with drugs was performed by double spraying in the phase of the beginning of laying the reproductive organs and in the phase of bud formation with a size of 5mm.Control – treatment of plants with distilled water. It is established that drugs increase seed productivity by 30-50%, depending on the concentration. The highest result was found with the D-2Sl with a rate of 0.5 ml/L and gibberellic acid with a 1 mg/l compared to the control. The use of growth regulators on mother plants during hybridization has a positive effect on the formation of biometric parameters and productivity of the hybrid Zlagoda F1, which can be used as a reserve to increase seed yield and to increase seed yield improve its quality characteristics. Increasing the rate of use of growth regulators leads to a tendency to reduce the seed productivity of plants.
Study of birds’ diversity in Wadi Fatimah dam area was carried out during the period of 12 months (April 2019-March 2020). A total of 87 bird species were recorded during this study. The study area is about 10 km. The dam is located in a narrow wadi in-between mountain slopes with width of 1.5 Km. The study area was divided into four different sites in upper and lower of the dam: Upper area of the dam: (1) Site with vegetation cover, (2) Site by the mountain slope. Lower area of the dam: (3) Agricultural farms site, (4) Site in the middle of the wadi. Of the 87 bird species observed, 40 were migratory. The most common bird species were: The black kite, The Little Egret, The Palm Dove, The Rock dove, The Little green Bee-eater, The black-bush Chat, The Crested Lark, The Graceful Warbler, The Ruppell's Weaver, The House sparrow. A list of all bird species occurred in the study area was recorded according to different seasons. A number of nesting material for breeding bird species was observed.
Aim: To establish the influence of a complex of factors on productivity of short crop rotations with the cultivation of commercially attractive crops, the reproduction of soil fertility is based on optimized agrochemical supply by replacing litter manure with by-products in the conditions of low moisture supply drained sod-podzolic soils. Methods: Field, statistical, laboratory methods. Results. We found that the productivity of crop rotations depends on their saturation with corn, which, on average, in 2016–2020, at the recommended (N60P60K60) and increased rates of mineral fertilizers (N90P90K90) on the background of manure or by-products of precedents, had a grain yield levels of 6.04–7.66 t/ha. The highest yield of grain from 1 ha of crop rotation area was obtained in the three-field crop rotation (soybean–corn–corn) from 66.6% of corn–from 3.14 tons for control, to 6.05 tons–at high rates of mineral fertilizers (N62P86K90+by-product). Productivity of three-field (field pea-oats–winter triticale–corn) and four-field (lupine–winter rape–winter rye–corn) crop rotations with a share of corn of 33.3% and 25%, ranged from 2.43 tons to 4.52 tons of grain, respectively. Crop rotation without corn (soybeans–winter wheat–sunflower–buckwheat) had overall productivity of 50% less. Conclusions: Combining the recommended N42P57K60 and the increased N62P86K90 norm of mineral fertilizers with by-products in all crop rotations promotes the formation of expanded reproduction of humus in the soil. Deficient nitrogen balance was manifested only with the introduction of N42P57K60 against the background of 10 tons of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation area. The most effective in all crop rotations is the organo-mineral fertilizer system N42P57K60 on the background of by-products, which provided a 27.9–36.5% profitability level. Each crop rotation is dynamic and can be recommended for production, depending on the farm's market conditions and economic capacity. As for the choice of feed system with mineral fertilizers, each in itself may be acceptable. In the absence of livestock farms, an alternative to manure is using by-products of all crops, which does not reduce crop productivity, profitability and increases soil fertility.
The specific effect of menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB, vicasol) on the content of specific fatty acids in skeletal muscle and muscular stomach of geese was established. MSB can stimulate the biosynthesis processes and catabolism of fatty acids depending on the period of the geese ontogenesis. Experimental use of MSB in skeletal muscle helps to increase the total content of unsaturated fatty acids (FA) primarily due to n-3 FAs. MSB increases the content of PUFA and SFA on the 35th day of ontogenesis, so the nutritional value of meat improves, and the resistance of myocyte membranes increases to oxidative damage. In the smooth muscle tissue of the goose stomach, the action of MSB revealed a higher content of UFA only on the 21st day of ontogenesis, due to PUFA, in particular, n-6 and MUFA. On the 28th day of ontogenesis, the content of PUFA increases due to n-3, with a decrease in the total content of UFA. At the end of the experiment, the UFA content decreases with increasing SFA. Reducton of the content of essential n-3, n-6, and UFA negatively affects the nutritional value of the product but increases the resistance of tissues to the active forms of oxygen. The use of MSB contributes to the overall increase of the average daily weight gain of geese from the 21st to the 28th day. The average body weight from the 21st to the 35th ontogenesis relative to the control group. We recommend using MSB at a dose of 0.7 mg/kg body weight for gosling feeding to increase the essential FA content in skeletal muscle tissue.
Hybrid clover is a valuable component of onions and pastures. Twenty-six hybrid clover cultivars of various ecological and geographical origins, obtained by different methods, served as the material for the research. standard is the Pridnestrovskaya variety. initial material was evaluated according to the Methodology for the selection of perennial legumes and crops in the Carpathian Region” and The methodology for forming a collection of field crops resistant to the biotic factors”. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using correlation and variance methods and assessing the significance of the difference in the mean of the sample using the t-criterion using the TIBCO Statistica 13.5.0.17 software package (1984-2018 Tibco Software inc.). coefficients of variation were 1.4-29.7, depending on the biological and ecological characteristics of the hybrid clover.
Antimicrobial residues in raw materials and products of animal origin are regulated by the following EU regulations: Commission Regulation (EC) No 37/2010, Council Directive No 96/23/EEC, Council Regulation (EC) 2377/90, Codex Alimentarius Commission. For spectinomycin in animal muscles, the European Union has set Maximum Allowed Levels (MRLs): 300 μg/kg, according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission-500 μg/kg. A wide variety of spectinomycin methods are used worldwide, including Fluorescence Latex Immunoassay (FLI), Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography In Combination With Ultraviolet Detection (MEKC-UVD), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (HPA), high-efficiency electrocardiography, and high-performance liquid chromatography with Fluorescence Detection (FLD) of microbiological inhibition. The purpose of the study was to validate the ELISA method and the liquid chromatography method with the mass spectrometric detector (LC/MS/MS) to determine the residual spectinomycin content in muscle samples (cattle, pigs, chickens, geese, and turkeys). The determination of the spectinomycin residue was performed by ELISA on a Tecan Sunrise spectrophotometer (manufactured by Sunrise, Austria) using a test system for competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Kwinbon Biotech Spectinomycin (Cat. No.: KA02701H) and liquid chromatography. -spectrometric detector on the device Waters Xevo (USA). The chromatograph was equipped with an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 analytical column, a two-quadrupole mass spectrometric detector, a positive ionization spray, and MasLynx results calculation software. Validation characteristics have been established for the detection of spectinomycin residues in muscle samples, such as: detection ability (CCβ) is 40.0 μg/kg, cut-off level is 32.9 μg/kg. The lowest spectinomycin content that can be detected by ELISA using a test system for the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Kwinbon Biotech (China) is 3.0 μg/kg. The main validation characteristics were also determined by liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector. CCα is 358.08 and CCβ-459.52.
This present work dealing with the study of the benthic community in the Oran's Gulf permits an overview of the macrobenthos encountered in this area, which seems to be more or less threatened by industrial and urban pollution. This study aimed to establish an initial reference state of coastal environments to contribute to the knowledge necessary for their sustainable management. The inventory of the macrobenthic fauna of the Gulf of Oran carried out in 2019 identified 618 macrobenthic individuals, divided into four taxa (531 polychaetes, 38 crustaceans, 31 mollusks, and 18 echinoderms), distributed in 8 sites. The taxonomic diversity included 60, 23, 15, and 9 species of polychaetes, crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms, respectively. All this information obtained made it possible to estimate the diversity of macrobenthic invertebrates and characterize the main communities in the coastal sea bed of the Gulf's Oran.
Ectoparasitic diseases of domestic animals are an urgent problem of modern veterinary medicine. Mite-borne dermatitis acquires the greatest epizootological, epidemiological and social significance. According to the results of the conducted researches it has been established that the etiological factors of parasitic dermatoses in domestic animals are the mites Otodectes cynotis, Sarcoptes canis, Demodex canis, Notoedres cati, Demodex cati and Psoroptes cuniculi. According to the results of the laboratory study, the prevalence of mite infestation among stray dogs is 66.7%, the mean intensity of invasion is 2.3 ticks in the field of view of the microscope, and among cats the prevalence of mite infestation is 75.0% with the mean intensity of infestation 3.0 ticks in the field of view of the microscope. The study of scrapings from the ears of rabbits revealed Psoroptes cuniculi mites, and the prevalence of the infection was 11.4% at the mean intensity of 3.0 mites in the field of view of the microscope. According to the results of the research it was established that the preparative forms of amitraz (drug No 1 with amitraz content of 2.0 mg/ml and drug No. 2 with amitraz content of 3.0 mg/ml) exhibit high acarinocidal properties and can be used to treat animals (dogs, cats, rabbits) with otodectosis, sarcoptosis, psoroptosis, notohedrosis, demodecosis.
The study aimed to determine the effect of seasonal factors on the effectiveness of fertilization and the manifestation of postpartum pathology in Brown Swiss cows at one of the commercial dairy complexes. We studied weather conditions, the results of artificial insemination, and the manifestation of postpartum pathology among cows over several years. The correlation between weather conditions and the percentage of insemination of cows was moderate. The use of analysis of variance allowed to establish that seasonality did not significantly affect the effectiveness of artificial insemination of dairy cows. However, the existence of seasonality in the manifestation of postpartum pathology in cows should serve as a guide to management decisions by livestock breeders and veterinarians.
