In order to meet the demand for flame retardant and antistatic of the protective cloth-ing for oil workers,taking the aramid stock solution of 1313/flame retardant viscose(Lenz-ing)/flame retardant nitrile chloride 40/30/30 19.7 tex blended yarn as the warp yarn,and ar-amid stock solution of 1313/flame retardant viscose(Lenzing)/flame retardant nitrile chloride/conductive fiber 38/30/30/2 19.7 tex blended yarn as the weft yarn,a flame retardant anti-stat-ic fabric with plain weave is developed.By introducing the yarn specifications and the weave structure of the fabric,the points for attention in the warping process and sizing process,as well as the causes and solutions of broken warp and broken weft in the weaving process are ana-lyzed.It is pointed out that for the single strand yarn with low strength,the improvement of the elongation at break and the increase of abrasion resistant number should be focused in sizing process.Weaving should be analyzed and adjusted from the aspects of the selvage weave threa-ding method,opening time,rapier head motion,back beam and stop frame position.After ad-justment,the average efficiency of the machine that weaves the flame retardant fabric is 87％,the first class product rate is 91％(excluding yarn defects),the loom efficiency is high,and the cloth quality is good.
In order to solve the problem that the abnormal index of traditional cheese detection can only be fedback but cannot be traced back to the root,the operation method of cheese test sampling is optimized,and the method of random sampling on automatic winder is proposed to take yarn sample on spinning frame according to a certain rule,and its implementation scheme is analyzed.The actual spinning case application and effect evaluation show that the new sam-pling operation method is more representative,and the abnormal problems found in the test can be directly traced back to the frame and spindle number of the spinning frame,the correspond-ing roving until the drawing process,which can reduce the abnormal yarn generation and im-prove the spinning quality.Recording,summarizing and strengthening management according to the causes and solutions of problem yarn tracing,is conducive to the formation of PDCA vir-tuous cycle of total quality management in textile enterprises;according to statistics,the abnor-mal yarn decreased by more than 30％after the implementation of the new sampling method for one year.
In order to better exert the performance of spinning cradle,stabilize and improve the spinning quality,the classification and requirements of the spinning frame are introduced,and the changes and progress of the material,structure and performance of the weight compression mechanism,coil spring compression cradle,plate spring compression cradle and pneumatic com-pression cradle are analyzed in detail.Through the test,the bobbin yarn quality of different types and different structures of cradle is compared,and the yarn quality and the mechanism of pressure distribution of T/R yarns under different pressure configurations are verified.The key points of use and maintenance of cradle are described,and the development trend of cradle is prospected.It is pointed out that in the past 50 years,the cradle technology has developed by leaps and bounds,and the spinning production should be based on the structure characteristics of the cradle,ensure the installation accuracy of the cradle,reasonably distribute the three-zone pressure of the cradle,and do well the pressure adjustment and maintenance of the cradle.It is the development direction of the cradle to ensure the consistency,stability and durability of the pressure,and to enhance the adaptability,manufacturing accuracy,consistency,ease of operation and maintenance and intelligence of the cradle.
In order to improve the quality of hemp/cotton combed yarn and solve the problem of excessive dropping hemp and big fiber damage in combing process,according to the properties of hemp/cotton blended raw materials and combing process characteristics,the optimum design of the integral cylinder and top comb for the hemp/cotton combing machine is described in de-tail.Using hemp/cotton 40/60 blended combing small volume as raw materials,the single fac-tor test method is used to design the test scheme,and the effects of different top comb tooth density and different total teeth number of integral cylinder on combed sliver,dropping cotton(hemp)rate and yarn index are compared and analyzed.It is pointed out that the selection of top comb tooth density should be based on combing small volume hemp/cotton blended ratio,and the matching of combed cylinder and top comb should be based on the dropping hemp rate,yarn neps and hemp grain quality index.GJX-E-90-TP28 integral cylinder matching GJD-E-240-P top comb should be selected for low dropping cotton(hemp)rate of hemp/cotton 40/60 blended spinning,GJX-E-90-J integral cylinder and GJD-E-260-B top comb should be used to control the quality of neps and hemp grains.It is beneficial to improve the combed sliver,yarn quality and hemp fiber content by carrying out the research on the key technology of hemp/cotton blended spinning,selecting the integral cylinder and top comb combined with combed quality and rec-ommended scheme.
In order to improve the weaving performance of air-jet loom,the existing problems of four-link beating-up mechanism,six-link beating-up mechanism and conjugating cam beating-up mechanism are analyzed,and a solution for conjugating cam beating-up mechanism which can meet the needs of different width and speed of air-jet loom is proposed.The shape and motion curve of conjugating cam are introduced,and its curve changes of displacement,velocity,accel-eration and sharp jump(leap)are compared with those of four-link and six-link.Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of the large static angle cam with the rear dead center completely stationary and the large static angle cam with the active swing of the rear dead center,the imi-tation eight-link conjugating cam beating-up mechanism is designed.It is pointed out that the curve of the conjugating cam beating-up mechanism is smooth and without abrupt change,which can be used in high-speed narrow air-jet loom.With a relative static angle of about 200° at the rear dead center of the imitation eight-link conjugating cam beating-up mechanism,the acceleration and jump curve are smooth and close to the beating-up curve of the linkage mecha-nism,which can meet the weaving needs of high speed and wide width air-jet loom with more weft insertion time and greater beating-up force.
In order to improve the yarn strength of C 36.4 tex+2.0 tex elastic yarn,the influ-ence factors of fore-spinning process,spinning process and automatic winding process on yarn strength are analyzed in detail.It is stated that the problems of uneven cotton blending,control of short fiber generation,and avoid uneven and light quality of drawing sliver in final drawing process should be solved in the fore-spinning process.The twist unevenness of the spinning yarn should be strictly controlled in the spinning process.The joint work should be focused on in the automatic winding process.The solutions such as temperature and humidity management in each process have been strengthened at the same time.It is pointed out that after the techni-cal breakthrough,the strength range of the elastic yarn is reduced to 80 cN,the minimum strength is increased to 470 cN,the average strength of single yarn is more than 550 cN,and the CV value of strength reaches a good level of 6％～8％.
In order to solve the problems such as easy corrosion and difficult to repair after wear and tear of the three-roll machine for viscose staple fiber,the basic structure of the three-roll machine is analyzed,the parts that are easy to be corroded are found,the reasons are analyzed and the improvement plan is put forward.the concrete implementation points of anti-corrosion design of roll body,sealing structure of baffle plate,design of wallboard and bearing box design are described in detail.It is pointed out that the long-term running stability of three-roll ma-chine is of great significance to reduce production cost and improve production efficiency.the corrosion resistance and service life of the three-roll machine can be effectively improved by the combination design of corrosion resistance wallboard,the assembly of the drying roll body,and the design of the double baffle plate flow anti-corrosion structure and the split bearing box.The equipment maintenance is simple and convenient.
In order to promote the diversification of regenerated cellulose fibers,the morphologi-cal structure and performance indexes of newly developed new richcel fiber are researched,the surface morphology,crystallinity,mechanical properties,friction properties,moisture regain,antistatic properties,antibacterial properties and alkali resistance of new richcel fiber,viscose fi-ber and original richcel fiber are compared and analyzed by using scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,electronic single fiber tensile tester,fiber specific resistance meters and other instruments.It is pointed out that the new richcel fiber inherits the good spinnability and wear-ability of the original richcel fiber.The new richcel fiber is biodegradable,soft feel,is suitable for the development of knitted fabrics,and has better mechanical properties than viscose fiber.The crystallinity of new richcel fiber is between viscose fiber and cotton fiber.New richcel fiber has high strength,good moisture absorption,excellent antibacterial,alkaline resistance,and can be used in the field of nonwoven fabrics and blended with cotton for mercerizing treatment.
In order to improve the combing effect of high efficiency comber,the problems,com-bing principles,and combing requirements of the combing cylinder and top comb are intro-duced.The technical progress of the new combing cylinder is analyzed from the aspects of tooth density,tooth tip width,needle planting form and tooth slice hardness.The technical progress of the new top comb is analyzed from the aspects of the tooth tip shape,geometry dimension,density,and tooth tip hardness.It is pointed out that the combing point of the new combing cyl-inder is increased.The new combing cylinder has good penetration and the service life is extend-ed.It can realize progressive carding,flexible carding and increase carding strength.The new top comb tooth tip has high sharpness,good self-cleaning and interception function,and is con-ducive to maintenance.The technical progress of the the combing cylinder and top comb can a-dapt to the development needs of high clamping,high quality,intelligent,low cotton waste,low energy consumption and maintenance-free.
In order to reduce the yarn breakage caused by the vibration of fiber strand of four-roller compact spinning,the main reasons for the vibration of fiber strand are listed,such as in-sufficient holding force,improper position of the guide cot,contact of the front cot with the negative pressure tube,poor parallelism between the front cot and the front lower roller,incor-rect position of the yarn guide trumpet,offset of the installation position of the special-shaped tube and inconsistent radial size of the lattice apron,and the solutions are put forward.It is pointed out that increasing the pressure of four-roller compact spinning cradle can solve the problem of the vibration of fiber strand quickly,but it will speed up the wear of parts and acces-sories such as lattice apron and negative pressure tube,and result in the increase of energy con-sumption and labor intensity.To solve the vibration of fiber strand,it is necessary to check the causes one by one,solve the problems pertinently and ensure the equipment running well.
In order to give full play to the technological advantages of high-speed drawing frame,the performance advantages of TD 10 drawing frame are introduced from aspects of digital technology,mechanical and electrical automation technology,autoleveller,quality detection and analysis system,process parameter optimization recommendation system,process quality man-agement system,automatic cylinder changing system and so on.The drawing process parame-ters and yarn quality of rotor spinning OE 48.6 tex yarn,polyester color spinning special black T 18.5 tex yarn and vortex spinning viscose R 14.8 tex yarn are compared and analyzed of TD 10 drawing frame and FA317 drawing frame.The results show that the TD 10 drawing frame has the advantages of high production capacity,high efficiency and high automation,and its design speed can reach 1000 m/min,the yield is much higher than that of FA317 drawing frame,and the level of sliver evenness and spinning quality are obviously improved after using many new technologies.
In order to improve the breaking strength of raw yarn and meet the tear and burst strength of finished fabric,the effects of spinning twist factor,fiber length,fiber linear density and initial modulus of viscose fiber on the yarn strength of viscose/cotton blended yarn are dis-cussed.Through parameter optimization and cotton assorting cost calculation,high wet modu-lus viscose fiber with matching ratio of 60％and linear density of 1.33 dtex,and high-quality Brazilian medium cotton with matching ratio of 40％are selected as spinning materials.The re-sult of parameter optimization and cotton assorting cost calculation are used to spin the yarn for fabric of R/CJ 60/40 18.2XL/R 55/45 38.9 299X268 160 1/1.The key points of each spinning process are described in detail.It is pointed out that the twist factor of viscose/cotton blended yarn needs to be set a larger yarn density than that of viscose yarn and pure cotton yarn with the same yarn density,which the yarn strength can be improved.The improvement of cotton fi-ber length and length uniformity on yarn strength is not obvious.The uniform distribution of fibers in the section of yarn is beneficial to improve yarn strength.High wet modulus viscose with a suitable linear density can increase yarn strength of blended yarn and improve elongation at break significantly.
In order to ensure the reliability and high efficiency of inserting and pulling yarn tubes in the collective doffing system of spinning frame,the function,structure type and working principle of the bobbin grabber used in the collective doffing device are introduced,and the fail-ure forms of piston bobbin grabber and air bag bobbin grabber are analyzed.The working prin-ciple and damage mechanism of seal sliding pad used in piston bobbin grabber and air bag bob-bin grabber,as well as the factors affecting its reliability and improving measures are described in detail.The grip force of the piston bobbin grabber is calculated,the method of increasing the grip force of the bobbin grabber is explained from the factor of energy efficiency conversion,and the direction of improvement is proposed.It is pointed out that air leakage caused by fatigue damage of seal sliding pad or air bag is the main reason for failure of bobbin grabber.The raised disk type and spinning process of the collective doffing device have influence on the reliability of the seal sliding pad.The air leakage of the seal sliding pad affects the correctness of the move-ment of the collective doffing device,so measures should be taken to improve the performance of seal sliding pad in the whole process of design,production and use.An axial scalable struc-ture similar to bellows is added to the piston bobbin grabber,so that the diaphragm of the seal sliding pad can obtain a larger axial expansion and extend the service life.Using the soft inden-ter and the adjusting block of the grab horn,improving the structure of the head and the inden-ter to yarn tube are beneficial to increase the grip force of the bobbin grabber and improve the conversion rate of energy efficiency.
In order to solve the problem of the ring bar on the spinning frame that the malposi-tion of the hole of φ6.2 mm and the M6 hole of the support block of the ring bar on the lifting cross bar,and the failed to connect or install the malposition of screw and hole,the 8D method is applied.Through the implementation and analysis of the four stages of quick response,tem-porary corrective measures,root cause determination,and permanent corrective measures,the combined working assembly of the ring bar lifting device is restored,and dimensional accuracy is guaranteed.The straightening process is increased,and the hole of φ6.2 mm on the ring bar is changed to the slotted hole of φ6.2 mm×8.0 mm to solve the installation problem of the ring bar.It is pointed out that using the 8D method can find out the root cause of the problem,prevent the recurrence of the problem,and improve the comprehensive ability of the team to solve the problem.
In order to solve the problem that each variety needs to develop its quality index for yarns independently under the multi-variety,small-batch,and intermittent order mode,differen-tial fibers are used as an example,the content and method of the standard formulation method of yarn quality for fabrics based on statistics are described in detail from eight aspects of cus-tomer use and loom type,yarn use on the loom,fiber content standard of product,chemical raw materials,quality index of semi-finished product,finished yarn index,and 100 km yarn defects and other indexes closely related to yarn quality.It is pointed out that quality standards need to be formulated according to the specific varieties and customer uses of yarn.The formulation of yarn quality standards for fabrics based on statistics can realize the linkage between quality data and quality standards,give early warning to the quality of semi-finished yarn and finished yarn,change the problems of low work efficiency and no quality data standards,and achieve the opti-mization of yarn quality and cost.
In order to improve the draft combing quality of a straight carding machine,learning from the long linen spinning process,a new type of straight carding process of"plane needle curtain-auxiliary splint-plane needle curtain",which is suitable for the automatic system of silk spinning is designed.In the process,a straight carding mechanism is designed,and the main pa-rameters such as the card clothing and pin type for four plane needle curtain of straight com-bing area,the density of needle/tooth,the work area length of plane needle curtain and auxiliary splint,the action number of pin,and the carding speed of plane needle curtain.The"carding curtain-pin-air"model is established by using the fluid simulation software to analyze the influ-ence of the carding speed on the air flow in the combing area and determine the parameters of the plane needle curtain and pin.It is pointed out that the new straight carding process for silk spinning,elastic card clothing and low and medium carding speed are used for A and B plane needle curtain,metal card clothing and high carding speed are used for C and D plane needle curtain,which can combine appropriate density and action number of pin to reduce the carding loss,avoid airflow disturbance,not affect the carding efficiency,and meet the requirements of automatic and continuous production of straight carding.
为了提升纺织仪器的整体设计水平,介绍人机界面与用户使用的关系、发展及系统模型,阐述UI定义、UI设计的一致性、合理性、美观性原则,以及将UI设计理念和方法应用于纺织仪器UI设计需遵循的原则和细节要素.通过YM-1型细纱机单锭监测系统在多平台的应用案例,指出:人机界面的设计效果直接影响产品品质和使用效果,工业自动化的发展以及多领域的应用,对人机界面设计提出更高要求;纺织仪器UI设计应在遵循一般性界面设计原则的基础上,运用好模型原则、焦点原则、导向原则、安全原则,注重人机界面的导航设计、图标设计、控件设计等细节要素,综合平衡人、机因素,设计出美观易用、操作方便的产品界面,以提升用户对纺织仪器人机界面的使用感受,保证信息传达的准确性和快速性.
为了推进纺织机械专件行业两化融合进程,介绍两化融合的重要性和国家推进两化融合的战略目标,提出企业推进两化融合的3个着力点,即智能产品、智能生产和智能服务;以自身企业为例,分享两化融合着力点的选择、推进两化融合的4个原则,详细剖析企业两化融合实践路线和具体做法,并辨析两化融合与两化融合管理体系的关系.指出:两化融合是一项长期工程,应参考和借鉴同行先进经验,先找准着力点或方向,再结合企业自身定位和两化基础做好战略规划,同时坚持实事求是原则、试点先行原则、人才储备原则,有计划、有步骤地推进信息化和工业化不断融合.
为了提高集聚纺CJ 11.7 tex ST米通纱整经质量、减少筒纱断头,介绍其工艺流程,通过标锭回倒筒纱说明断头次数及原因;以筒纱内层附入回丝及小辫子纱、筒纱表面乱纱、筒纱外层吸乱纱、双股上筒纱、回丝附入筒纱或吸乱纱5个案例,分析导致整经断头的原因及应对措施,强调要做好设备检查及相关管理工作.指出:挡车工应坚持目光"三查法"、做到"一观、三捉、四查一观",及时发现筒纱不良和捻接不良,查找原因并尽快处理;设备保障做好清洁保养、管理和维修,保障电子清纱器动作良好,重点排查筒纱成形不良、断头高的单锭,做好机台整修和专件更换,减少单锭劣锭,提升产品质量.
为了提升细纱工序生产效率和产品质量,设计一种基于单片机的细纱机单锭断纱在线监测控制系统,介绍该系统的设计方案,详述压电传感器、信号处理电路、单片机控制电路和夹持器的系统硬件以及处理盒软件、控制箱软件的设计要点.指出:断纱监测控制系统以AT89S52单片机为控制核心,采用485总线通信技术,通过处理盒单元和控制箱单元,可实现细纱工序纱锭状态信息的实时在线采集与处理显示,且环境适应性强、成本低廉、性能稳定可靠;将多个处理盒在总线上并联,可适配任意锭数细纱机,实现对所有纱锭信息的处理、分析汇总和显示,降低挡车工劳动强度和企业用工量,提高了细纱生产流程的智能化水平.
