[Objective]To systematically evaluate the efficacy of edible bird'nest on cognition.[Method]Relevant studies published from September 1st 2012 to September 1st 2022 on PubMed,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,and China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc)were searched and selected based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies was used to assess the bias of the selected studies.[Result]A total of 5 research were included,and all of them were animal studies.No matter the source of EBN,route of administration,duration of intervention,and aims of intervention(treatment or prevention),the findings of the systematic review supported that EBN could enhance the healthy and cognition-impaired animals'cognitive functions,act as a nutritional cognitive-enhancing agent in offspring and prevent cognitive damages from exposure to noxious cerebral accidents.In addition,there may exist dose-effects between EBN and cognitive-enhancing capacity.The potential mechanism of EBN's cognition promotion function is associated with EBN or its bioactive properties'ability to increase antioxidant capacity,decrease neuroinflammation and reduce oxidative stress.This systemic review did not proceed with meta-analysis.[Conclusion]Animal studies suggested that EBN had potential cognitive-enhancing impacts;however,the potential cognitive-enhancing impact of EBN on human-being is still unclear since there is a lack of human trials.
[Objective]The difference in tail weight and body length and quality changes of two systems cultured Coregonus peled(160 days)were compared during chilled storage.[Method]Two culture systems included constant temperature recirculating aquaculture system(CTRAS)and flume aquaculture system(FAS).The pH value,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVBN),thibarbituric acid(TBA),tex-ture properties,color,and total viable count(TVC)were tested during chilled storage at the 0,2rd,4th and 6th day.[Result]The weight of CTRAS and FAS samples were 43.27 g and 11.64 g,respectively.The length of CTRAS and FAS samples were 17.50 cm and 12.05 cm,respectively.During the chilled storage,the pH of both two cultured samples showed a downward and then upward trend The TVBN,TBA and TVC showed a trend of continuous increase,while the texture showed a trend of decline and the color showed a trend of dim.[Conclusion]The growth rate of Covegonus peled in FAS is slow,and the initial hardness,elasticity and chewability of samples were higher than that of CTRAS.However,the original taste and texture had decreased significantly with the extension of chilled storage.Compared with FAS,the grow rate of CTRAS was high.In addition,the CTRAS changes of protein degradation products,lipid oxidation,and texture characteristics were less than FAS during chilled storage.In conclusion,the CTRAS cultured samples were more suitable for preservation and transportation.
[Objective]To compare the texture characteristics of infant fruit and vegetable purees domestic and international.[Method]The texture characteristics of domestic and international infant fruit and vegetable purees were analyzed and compared using the TPA mode of texture analyzer,the water content and particle size were also measured.[Result]This study found that the hardness of commercial fruit pu-ree and vegetable purees were close,ranging from 1.50 N to 4.50 N.The hardness of domestic fruit puree sample 3(apple puree)was the smallest,and that of domestic vegetable puree sample 2(carrot puree)was the smallest,with hardness of 1.41 N and 1.66 N,respectively.The hardness of domestic fruit puree sample 6(banana puree)was the highest,and the hardness of international vegetable puree sample 6(carrot puree)was the highest,which was 4.35 N and 4.59 N,respectively.The water content of infant fruit purees and vegetable purees was more than 75％,and the water content of vegetable purees was greater than that of fruit purees.[Conclusion]The texture characteristics of commercial infant fruit purees and vegetable purees were affected by moisture content and particle size,and the texture was relatively fine and single,and the hardness was small.The particles of infant fruit puree and vegetable puree are more dispersed,and the whole particles of some products are larger.
[Objective]The development prospect of the food industry of"homology of medicine and food"category is broad,and ap-propriate countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the industry.[Method]Based on the collation of existing literature,policies and regulations,and public data,the study explored the origin and connotation of"homology of medicine and food",compiled the current development status of Chinese herbal medicine industry and the food industry of"homology of medicine and food"category,and pointed out the problems of the food industry of"homology of medicine and food"category.[Result]At present,the food industry of"homology of medicine and food"category in China has a clear policy direction,domestic and in-ternational attention continues to increase,the development momentum is strong,becoming the main force of growth,the Chinese herbal medicine of"homology of medicine and food"category import and export strength,but there is a lack of investment in research and devel-opment,low brand value of"medicinal food"class of food,threatened by foreign"medicinal food"class of food enterprises,the degree of industrial standardization and other issues.[Conclusion]It is suggested to take innovation as the driving force to lead the development of the"homology of medicine and food"industry,establish brand awareness and create brand effects,give full play to its own advantages and explore foreign markets,and strengthen the integration of development and promote value-added efficiency.
[Objective]To investigate the nutritional intervention on Body mass index(BMI),androgen and insulin resistance in overweight and obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).[Method]Using Randomized Controlled Method,120 patients with overweight obese PCOS who attended our hospital between May 2021 and December 2022 were selected as study subjects and divided into 60 cases each in the experimental group and the control group.In the control group,normal diet was given on the basis of treatment with Da-ing-35 combined with metformin,while in the observation group,light fasting diet intervention was given on the basis of regular clinical medication,and BMI,insulin resistance-related indices,including fasting blood glucose(FPG),fasting insulins(FINS),and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),and androgen-related indices,including Testosterone(T),Sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG)and Free testosterone index(FAI)were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.[Result]After the intervention,BMI,serum FPG,FINS,HOMA-IR,T and FAI indexes were significantly reduced in both groups,while serum SHBG level was significantly increased,and the improvement of the above indexes was significantly better in the patients in the nutrition intervention group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).[Conclusion]Light fasting as nutritional intervention,combined with clinical basic treatment,can effectively reduce the BMI,and insulin resistance and make androgen-related indexes are effectively improved.
[Objective]Under the background of frequent food price increasing,understand the impact of food price increasing on food consumption and nutrient intake of low-income group has important practical significance.[Method]This paper used the urban household income and expenditure survey micro-data from six provinces in China,adopted the EASI demand system model and elastic simulation analysis method to analyze the impact of rising food prices on food consumption and nutrition intake in low-income group.[Result]When the prices of meat and fruits and vegetables increase,the consumption of meat,eggs and fruits and vegetables will decrease significantly.Milk will become the most important substitute and the consumption of oils and fats increased slightly.And the increase in pork prices significantly reduces the intake of cholesterol,fat and protein,and the increase in fruit and vegetable prices significantly reduces the intake of vitamin C,vitamin A,dietary fiber and potassium intake.Facing of the same degree of shock from food price increases,the food consumption of low-income group will drop more than that of middle-and high-income groups,and energy intake may be lower than the basic needs to ensure health.[Conclusion]It is necessary to stabilize food prices by ensuring the effective supply security of important agricultural products and strengthening the supervision and monitoring of food circulation.In addition,for low-income group,it is neces-sary to establish a more accurate food security policy system,increase income channels,and maintain the bottom line of minimum energy intake standards.
[Objective]To summarize and discuss the regulatory effects of fucoidan on different components of immune system.[Method]By referring to the literature at home and abroad,this paper summarized and refined the research content of the immunomodula-tory effect of the fucoidan.[Result]Fucoidan is a kind of polysaccharide containing fucose and sulfuric acid groups.It has a variety of biological functions and can enhance the activity of immune organs,non-specific immune system and specific immune system.[Conclu-sion]Fucoidan can improve the immune activity of human body by regulating the function of immune system.
[Objective]To study the method,application and development status of 24 h dietary recall method.[Method]The applica-tion of 24 h recall method in nutrition research,quality control methods,reliability and validity research,survey methods and tool develop-ment were reviewed.[Result]24 h recall is suitable for food consumption survey,nutritional epidemiology study,nutritional-related factor research,and clinical research.At the methodological level,suitable methods and tools are customized according to the actual situation of the survey,and more comprehensive information can be obtained by combining with weighing method,food frequency questionnaire and oth-er methods.In practical applications,strict quality control is adopted to ensure the credibility of the survey results,and biases are reduced by personnel training,tool use,and method uniformity.Reliability and validity studies can assess the quality of the questionnaire and the credibility of further conclusions.The development of new survey methods and tools also provides a new direction for the development and ap-plication of 24 h recall.[Conclusion]The 24 h recall method is an important tool for obtaining nutritional data of the Chinese population.It has extensive and important applications in nutrition research,and will also gain new development and applications due to the development of new survey methods and tools.
[Objective]To investigate the effects of individualized nutritional interventions on the nutritional status and quality of life of dialysis patients with chronic renal failure.[Method]From February 2021 to September 2022,60 patients with chronic renal failure who were on dialysis at the Lishui Branch of the Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University were collected as the study subjects,and the 60 patients were randomly divided into 30 patients in the observation group and 30 patients in the control group,and there was no difference in age,gender,mode and duration of dialysis between the two groups(P＞0.05).Patients in the control group were given conventional clini-cal treatment and nutrition education,while patients in the observation group were given individualized nutrition interventions on this basis.The changes in serum nutritional indicators,including serum albumin(ALB),prealbumin(PA),hemoglobin(HGB)and transfer-rin(TRF),NRS 2002 scores and quality of life(SF-36 scores)were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.[Result]After dialysis and intervention,serum ALB,PA,HGB and TRF,NRS 2002 score,and total physical health score,total mental health score and total score in SF-36 were significantly higher in both groups than before the intervention,while the incidence of nutritional risk was significantly lower in both groups,and the above improvements were significantly better in the individualized nutrition intervention group than in the control group,all with P＜0.05.[Conclusion]Individualized nutritional interventions for dialysis patients with chronic renal failure can significantly reduce the incidence of nutritional risk,result in increased serum nutritional parameters and improve the qual-ity of life of patients.
[Objective]To investigate the status quo of nutritional knowledge,belief,behavior and mental health of general practice students in a university in Chengdu city,and to explore the related influencing factors.[Method]Taking general medical students in a uni-versity in Chengdu city as the research objects,cluster sampling method was used.In June 2022,a self-made nutrition KAP questionnaire,a 9-item patient health questionnaire and a 7-item Generalized anxiety Disorder Scale were used to conduct the survey electronically.[Result]The scores of nutritional knowledge,attitude and behavior of 423 general medical students were(7.48±2.51),(15.94±3.06)and(25.22±4.56)respectively.The overall average score of KAP was(48.64±7.90).Among them,the score of women was higher than that of men,and the diference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Totally 229 people were depressed,accounting for 54.14％.The number of depressed boys was significantly higher than that of girls(P＜0.01).The proportion of depression in insomnia,smoking and drinking group was higher than that in the group without the above bad habits(P＜0.01).The proportion of anxiety in boys was signifi-cantly higher than that in girls(P＜0.01).The proportion of anxiety in insomnia,smoking and drinking group was higher than that in the group without the above bad habits(P＜0.01).Multi-factor Logistics regression analysis shows that grade level,marital status of parents,insomnia and KAP score are the related influencing factors of depression among general medical students.Grade level,marital status of par-ents,insomnia and nutritional behavior were related to anxiety among general practitioners.[Conclusion]The students of general practice in a medical college in Chengdu city had poor performance in nutrition knowledge,knowledge and practice,and their mental health was not optimistic.Mental health education and nutrition education should be carried out to improve the mental health level and nutritional health lit-eracy of general practice students.
[Objective]Based on China's resource endowment,the consumption trends,and relevant policies,analyze the policy background,connotation and evolution logic of the"Greater Food"Approach,and propose policy measures to implement the"Greater Food"Approach,which will ensure national food security.[Method]Using literature analysis and statistical analysis,discuss the connota-tion and theoretical and practical logic of the"Greater Food"Approach.[Result]The basis and premise of the"Greater Food"Approach is to ensure food security,and the anchor point is to ensure the security of food supply.The formation of the concept of"Greater Food"Ap-proach has profound theoretical logic and practical logic.[Conclusion]To establish a"Greater Food"Approach need to strengthen top-level design,enhance the foresight,systematicity and precision of policy design;optimize the supply structure,promote the transformation of food supply from single production to multiple supply;reasonably guide consumption,and promote the transformation and upgrading of the dietary structure of the population.
[Objective]To summarize and analyze the relationship between tea and sugar metabolism so that we can have a deeper understanding of the efficacy of tea,so as to rationally drink tea.[Method]Effects of tea on type 1 diabetes mellitus,type 2 diabetes mel-litus,prediabetes mellitus and complications were analyzed according to different levels of evidence,and the mechanism and influencing factors of main functional components of tea were also discussed.[Result and Conclusion]Tea consumption has a complex effect on type 1 and type 2 diabetes,and has positive effect on prediabetes and diabetes complications.EGCG,tea polysaccharide,caffeine and other substances in tea play a positive role in inhibiting blood glucose,reducing obesity,anti-oxidation and other metabolic regulation.Its mechanism can be explained by slowing down starch digestion,regulating intestinal flora,improving insulin resistance and promoting energy consumption.The factors that affect the effect of tea on glucose metabolism include brewing method and time,tea variety difference,and even ethnic differences in living habits.
[Objective]Analyze the price elasticity of sugar-sweetened beverages in China,and provide references for the formulation of tax policies for sugar-sweetened beverages and strategic guidance for beverage consumption reduction in China.[Method]Based on the 881 valid data collected from the questionnaire survey,the price elasticity analysis of sugary drinks and other beverages,sweets and fruits in China was conducted using the extended linear expenditure system model(ELES model)with the help of Stata 15.0 statistical software.[Result]The price elasticity of demand for sugar-sweetened beverages was 0.26,and the price elasticity of demand for other beverages and sweets and fruits also ranged from 0.26 to 0.34.The cross-price elasticity of sugar-sweetened beverages to other beverages and foods in the text was positive and ranged from 0.00156 to 0.00202.[Conclusion]The demand for sugar-sweetened beverages in China is inelastic,and there is a substitution relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages and other beverages and foods mentioned in the text,with sweets being the strongest substitute for sugar-sweetened beverages.
[Objective]Taking Damao Banner of Inner Mongolia as an example,this paper discussed the changes of food consumption characteristics of households in the northern border ethnic areas according to the accounting results of food consumption and supply,and evaluated the rationality of food consumption.[Method]Based on household tracking survey on household food consumption,through food atlas and retrospective survey,this paper collected data on food consumption and supply of households at different stages.[Result]Average household food consumption was increasing,and the proportion of animal food consumption was gradually increasing,while the plant food is decreasing.The food consumption structure has gradually evolved from a high degree of simplification to a low degree of diversification.The food supply was mainly in the form of milk and meat self-sufficiency and equal emphasis on the transfer of food from external plans previ-ously,and has developed into a form of comprehensive market allocation and supplemented by milk and meat self-sufficiency.In the period of planned economy,the self-production ability of household food was the key to the formation of comprehensive differences in family food consumption.Since the reform and opening up,the comprehensive difference of household food consumption mainly depended on the habitations of residences(in or outside urbanized area),the family diet deciders(whether the person is Han),and the level of family income.[Conclusion]There are obvious nutritional and health problems in household food consumption,such as structural imbalance,uneven intake and high calories,which leads to an increasing incidence of obesity,diabetes,hypertension and heart disease.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out multi-level accurate guidance and intervention on the diet of residents in the northern border ethnic areas from the perspectives of food production capacity,logistics transportation and market accessibility,as well as dietary nutrition guidance.
[Objective]To investigate the efficacy of folic acid combined with vitamin B12 in the adjuvant treatment of hypertensive patients and the modulation of serum homocysteine(Hcy)levels.[Method]Totally 50 patients with hypertension who were treated in our hospital from August 2021 to August 2022 were selected as study subjects,and randomly divided into 25 cases each in the control group and the observation group,with no differences in gender,age,and duration of disease between the two groups(P＞0.05).The control group was given conventional clinical treatment,and the observation group was treated with folic acid and vitamin B12 on the basis of this treatment.The changes in blood pressure and the changes in serum Hcy levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups after 3 months of intervention.[Result]After treatment,the blood pressure values of both groups were significantly lower than before(P＜0.5),and the decrease in systolic blood pressure[(84.34±4.93)vs.89.49±4.87)]mmHgand diastolic blood pressure[(121.59± 9.49)vs.(135.43±10.48)]mmHg was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group,and the effective rate of blood pressure reduction was 92.0％in the observation group and 68.0％in the control group,the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The decrease in serum Hcy level was higher after adjuvant treatment with folic acid combined with vitamin B12.[Conclusion]Folic acid combined with vitamin B12in the adjuvant treatment of hypertensive patients not only can effectively reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure,which has a better antihypertensive effect,but also the serum Hcy level was significantly reduced.
[Objective]To evaluate the prognostic value of Prognostic Nutritional Index(PNI),Controlling Nutritional Status(CO-NUT)score,and WPCBAL score in end-stage lung cancer patients.[Method]Clinical data of 138 patients discharged dead from medical ad-ministration of the affiliated cancer hospital of Shandong first medical university between December 2018 to December 2021 were retrospec-tively analyzed.The log-rank test was used to compare the differences in survival time among prognostic tools.The receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive values of various prognostic tools for 2-week mortality.[Result]The median survival age and the median survival time were 63.5 years and 14 days,respectively.The 2-week mortality rate was 51.4％.Compared with the CO-NUT score＜5 group,Log-rank test showed that the survival time of the CONUT score≥5 group was shorter(11 d vs.16 d,P=0.046).WPCBAL score ≥5 had a shorter survival time than WPCBAL score＜5 group(8 d vs 16 d,P=0.0018).ROC analysis showed that the area under the ROC(AUC)of CONUT score and WPCBAL score in predicting 2 week survival of patients with end-stage lung cancer were 0.613 and 0.677.When CONUT takes 5 as the critical value,the sensitivity and specificity for predicting the 2-week survival status of pa-tients with end-stage lung cancer are 0.61 and 0.54 respectively.When WPCBAL takes 5 as the critical value,the sensitivity and specificity for predicting the 2-week survival status of patients with end-stage lung cancer are were 0.76 and 0.54,respectively.[Conclusion]CONUT and WPCBAL score are valuable in predicting the short-term survival status of patients with end-stage lung cancer,but the specificity is rela-tively low,and further research is needed.
[Objective]To analyze the research status of vitamin D and diabetes at home and abroad,and explore the current research hotspots and future development frontiers.[Method]CiteSpace 5.8.R3 visualization software is used to search the core collection databases of CNKI and WOS,and the search date is from the database establishment to April 12th,2022.With"diabetes"and"vitamin D"as keywords,the related literatures were searched,and the literatures were clustered and visually analyzed.[Result]A total of 6 371 articles(2 316 in Chinese and 4 055 in English)were retrieved,and the number of annual articles published at home and abroad showed an overall upward trend.High-yield authors at home and abroad are mainly concentrated in economically developed areas,and small coopera-tive groups are formed among high-yield authors,but there are few cross-institutional or cross-regional contacts,and a representative core group of authors and research teams has not yet been formed.The main research institutions are still the clinical departments of hospitals and medical colleges,and there is still a lack of good cooperation among them,and they have not crossed other disciplines for further development.Further analysis of key words found that diabetes types,vitamin D,outcome monitoring indicators,influencing factors and mechanisms have always been the focus of research.[Conclusion]There is still a certain gap between domestic research and foreign research,and the research depth and breadth need to be further strengthened.At the same time,we should pay attention to its development mechanism,so as to provide reference for the management and prevention of diabetes or other chronic diseases in the future.
[Objective]To determine the contents of vitamins and minerals in liquid dairy products and provide theoretical basis for con-sumers'choice of dairy products.[Method]The contents of 14 vitamins and 9 minerals in 28 liquid dairy products were determined according to the current effective national standard methods.[Result and Conclusion]Choline was the most abundant vitamin in 28 kinds of liquid milk,followed by pantothenic acid and niacin.The contents of vitamin A,vitamin E and vitamin B12 in fresh milk and pure milk were higher than those in flavor fermented milk and flavor yoghurt.The average contents of vitamin B2,vitamin B6,niacin and pantothenic acid in fresh milk and pure milk were similar to those in flavor fermented milk and flavor yoghurt.The average contents of folic acid and choline in fresh milk and pure milk were lower than those in flavor fermented milk and flavor yoghurt.Potassium,calcium,phosphorus,sodium and magnesi-um were higher in 28 kinds of liquid milk The average content of minerals in fresh milk and pure milk was higher than that in flavor fermen-ted milk and flavor sour milk.
[Objective]The Pleurotus eryngii powder was added to wheat flour to make Pleurotus eryngii flavored noodles.The optimum formula and processing technology of noodles were discussed.[Method]With sensory evaluation and cooking characteristics as detection indicators,the effects of the amount of Pleurotus eryngii powder added,the amount of water added,and the amount of salt added on the noodle quality were studied through orthogonal experiments.At the same time,the effects of the number of pressing times,the dough maturation time,and the noodle drying time on the noodle quality were also studied to optimize the processing technology of almond mushroom flavor noodles.[Result]The best processing technology of Pleurotus eryngii flavored noodles was adding 7.50％Pleurotus eryngii powder,37.00％water,1.25％salt,dough maturing for 20 min,pressing times for 16 times,and drying at room temperature for 20 h.[Conclusion]The noodles made under this condition had unique taste,good cooking resistance,good toughness and good quality.
[Objective]To comparie and screen high specificity and sensitivity primers in Dendrobium officinale ingredient identification methods based on PCR.[Method]PCR identification primers for Dendrobium officinale were selected from one group of patent reports and two groups of literature reports,and their annealing temperatures were optimized.The amplification specificity and sensitivity of the primers were compared,and high specificity and sensitivity primers were screened out.[Result]There were differences in amplification capacity,specific-ity and sensitivity respectively among these 3 groups of primers.One group targeting the ITS2 region of Dendrobium officinale and introducing a pair of double-blocked specific primers for Dendrobium officinale identification had the best specificity and sensitivity.[Conclusion]By comparing 3 groups of Dendrobium officinale-specific PCR primers,one group of primers was selected as a preferred one,which provided a reference for the identification of Dendrobium officinale and its products.
