The digital economy,as a new driving force for economic development,plays a crucial role in em-powering the traditional industrial transformation through intelligent matching,integration,and driving effects.In the context of Shandong Province's transformation from old to new driving forces,the development of the digital economy encounters certain challenges.These include insufficient research on key core technologies,in-complete digital infrastructure construction,immature digital technology innovation system,and under-utiliza-tion of data resources.To address these challenges and fully harness the potential of the digital economy in pro-moting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in Shandong Province,several actions need to be taken.Firstly,it is essential to strengthen key core technology research.Secondly,efforts should be made to optimize the construction of digital infrastructure.Thirdly,improve the digital technology innovation system should be improved.Finally,it is crucial to tap into the value of data resources.
The role of social organizations cannot be ignored in building a community of co-construction,co-governance and shared social governance community.To clarify the action mechanism of social organizations participating in the construction of rural social governance community is the key to stimulate the vitality of so-cial organizations.Social organizations participate in the construction of the rural social governance community by reconstructing social structure,bonding governance functions,connecting diverse interests,and improving governance resilience.It also faces delimmas such as lack of autonomy and professionalism,legitimacy and ad-equacy,systematism and linkage.It should be focus on ability improvement to enhance the professionalism,improve legal norms and institutional supplies to enhance the legitimacy and autonomy,strengthen publicity guidance and institutional incentives to improve the sufficiency of social organizations＇participation,set up col-laborative mechanism to enhance the systematization and linkage of rural social governance community,to en-sure the overall stability and effective operation of the rural social governance community.
Rural digital governance is not only an important development direction for future rural governance but also an important aspect of promoting rural revitalization.National policies and rural infrastructure construc-tion provide fundamental support for rural governance,while the need for rural revitalization and governance modernization provide demand impetus for rural governance.These factors jointly contribute to the advancement of rural digital governance.Based on the analysis of four typical cases of rural digital governance,the paper finds that initial results have been achieved in the aspects of party-building guidance,government attention and support,widespread application of digital technology,and active support and cooperation of villagers.However,there are also development obstacles such as weak data risk prevention ability,imperfect rural digital governance system,digital literacy of villagers to be improved,and insufficient hardware construction such as digital infrastructure.To address these challenges,it is recommended to improve the relevant laws to enhance data openness and risk prevention capabilities and improve the digital governance rules to improve the rural digital governance system.Besides,shifting mindsets and concepts is crucial to improving digital skills and literacy among rural residents.Moreover,efforts should be made to enhance digital infrastructure develop-ment to reduce the digital divide and ensure equitable access to digital resources.
The governance significance and value of local laws and regulations are reflected in their local char-acteristics.In the specific system design,it is possible to make an operational standard design according to the problem orientation of local governance.In the provisions of the legislative principle of local regulations,in ad-dition to the expression of the purpose of the formulation of local regulations and the expression of the legal ba-sis,most of them include expressions such as"combining with the reality of the province"or"combining with the reality of the region".The legislative language not only provides a legitimate basis for legitimacy of local regulations but also allows for more specific system design compared to upper law.It also echoes the effective provisions of local regulations in a certain administrative division to a certain extent.In view of the legislative status reflected in the"combined with reality"clause,this paper puts forward three ways to standardize the legislative expression,clarify the legislative style and content,and build a coordinated legislative system,so as to fit the local governance reality from the system level and improve the ability of local regulations to solve the practical problems in local governance.
The national greenhouse gas emission reduction obligation is the responsibility and obligation of the country for greenhouse gas emissions.Fulfilling this obligation is an optimal choice for China as it seeks to ful-fill the International Climate Convention,promote Climate Governance,and establish a climate community with a shared future for mankind.However,the national greenhouse gas emission reduction obligation is facing the possibility of nullification.The institutional reasons lie in the lack of a legal basis for the national green-house gas emission reduction obligation,the lack of joint force among the subjects of obligation performance and the imperfect means of emission reduction.To effectively fulfill the national greenhouse gas emission reduc-tion obligations and meet emission reduction commitments,it is necessary to establish the national greenhouse gas emission reduction obligations under the logic of citizens'fundamental environmental rights and interests,specifically constitutional emission reduction obligations.Therefore,in order to effectively fulfill the national greenhouse gas emission reduction obligations,it is necessary to clarify the legal basis of the national green-house gas emission reduction obligations within the context of the dual carbon target;establish a collaborative framework involving government,enterprises,and social forces to provide institutional support for national greenhouse gas emission reduction;complete mandatory and incentive measures for greenhouse gas emission reduction;improve the responsibility mechanism for the implementation of national greenhouse gas emission re-duction obligations to achieve the dual carbon target.
Breaking free from internal and external constraints and ensuring the sustainability and endogeneity of technological innovation are crucial aspects in promoting China's technological innovation in the new era.It is also a fundamental component of building a socialist modernized country.Taking an involution perspective,we can examine the current situation and explore ways to overcome China's technological innovation challen-ges.By applying the theory of involution to the field of technological innovation,we can analyze the self-loc-king mechanism that hinders China's progress.From the perspective of technological innovation involution,several key manifestations emerge,including growth focused on quantity rather than quality,limited technology diversity,and prominent supply-demand contradictions.The manifestations derived from enterprises'eagerness to establish their own capabilities,structural imbalances in the innovation resource system,and ex-ternal pressures and constraints imposed on China.To break away from the tendency of technological innovation involution in China,strategic arrangements need to be made in the following aspects,including building a quality-centered evaluation mechanism,guiding the cultivation of enterprises'self-reliance,restructuring the innovation of resource system,and establishing a global innovation ecosystem.
The Yellow River Basin,an important ecological barrier in China,has long been a key area of eco-logical fragility and environmental pollution.In order to strengthen the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin,it is necessary to use the rule of law to enhance collaborative governance and strengthen the responsibil-ities of all parties.Local legislation is an important part of the legal guarantee system for ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin.However,there are several challenges in the local legislation of provinces and cities along the Yellow River.These challenges include a lack of comprehensive management thinking,limited rules and regulations,varying legislative initiatives,delayed response to problems,and insufficient innovation and maneuverability.Starting from the integrity of the ecosystem,it is urgent to actively explore the establishment of an ecological collaborative legislative mechanism,and optimize the legislative substance and legislative form and technology in order to further promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
The digital economy,as a new economic form,has become a core aspect of the transformation from old to new driving forces.By considering historical evolution,theoretical logic,and practical path,we can grasp the methodology of cultivating China's digital economy ecosystem as a whole.By promoting the digital transformation of enterprises,the digital economy cultivates a system that facilitates industrial structure upgra-ding,collaborative development,and the emergence of new digital economy forms.On the basis of establishing a clear logical framework,we should optimize the ecological cultivation environment of the digital economy by improving the top-level design,facilitating the two-way flow of data technology to promote the coordinated de-velopment of industrial digitalization,and guiding enterprises in their digital transformation to solve the problem of"not turning",so as to guide the high-quality sustainable development of China's digital economy ecosystem.
After the reform and opening up,China's countryside underwent drastic changes,and large-scale population movements induced the"departure of peasants",with spatial segregation creating many obstacles to the realization of peasants'rights.The emergence of digital technology has,to a certain extent,made it possi-ble to break down this separation.At a time when the"state-society"relationship is changing at a high speed,rural governance is increasingly absorbed by national governance,and the digitalization of rural governance is both a manifestation of absorption and a way of absorption.Based on the practical expression of farmers'sub-jectivity of"access-sharing"in the digitalization of rural governance,a four-dimensional analytical framework of"system-power-technology-individual"is constructed.From the perspective of four-dimensional multi-fac-tor correlation,it is found that system failure,power imbalance,technological suspension,and individual dis-ablement are the fundamental reasons behind the deficiency in farmers'subjectivity.These factors lead to the dilemma of"countryside immobility"and farmers'"secondary departure"in the practice of rural governance digitization.To address these issues,it is recommended to improve the system and restructure the power.Strat-egies such as enhancing the system,reconstructing power dynamics,optimizing technology,and empowering individuals should be employed to reshape and strengthen farmers'subjectivity in the process of digitalizing ru-ral governance.
As a methodological tool of China's reform thinking for"crossing the river by feeling the stones",the policy pilot promoted policy innovation and diffusion,in which intergovernmental policy learning is the key mechanism.According to different subjects,dimensions,paths,and modes of policy learning,the learning mechanism of policy pilot includes horizontal scattering absorption mechanism and vertical focusing absorption mechanism.The scattering absorption mechanism of local governments presents scattering and leaping diffusion with multiple pilot projects as the axis.With the help of a focusing absorption mechanism,the central govern-ment integrates pilot experience through bottom-up policy learning and promotes national policy diffusion.Thus,the pilot learning mechanism should promote the cascade diffusion effect of pilot innovation,promote the punctuated equilibrium function of pilot reform,and bridge the legal paradox of policy innovation.
High-efficiency governance,guided by the value of prioritizing the people,is an important feature of national governance modernization.It encompasses effectiveness,a people-oriented approach,collaboration,systematic implementation,and precision.At present,research on high-efficiency governance in China is still in its early stages,primarily focusing on concepts and evaluation criteria,theoretical basis,governance models,development fields,practical challenges,and implementation paths This lays the founda-tion for in-depth research on high-efficiency governance.However,there remains a scarcity of direct research results,a lack of systematization,insufficient theoretical refinement,unclear evaluation standards,and limited focus on path research and related issues.Transforming institutional advantages into national governance effi-ciency is an objective need to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Efforts should be made to promote in-depth and systematic research on the basic concepts,evaluation indicators,and governance mech-anisms of efficient governance.We should pay more attention to using high-efficiency governance to lead high-quality development,and actively extract Chinese samples and experiences of high-efficiency governance.
《家庭教育促进法》施行后,我国家庭教育指导的司法化色彩趋于浓厚,集中表现为由司法机关主导设立家庭教育指导机构、在庭审中增设家庭教育指导环节、发布家庭教育指导类文书等.司法机关的积极探索促进了家庭教育指导联动机制的形成和发展,但亦出现了职能承担的过度延伸、形式规范的轻重失衡以及效力追求的理想化趋势.为予适度调试,司法机关应在指导机构的设立上遵循立法规定的配合性定位、从主导回归至辅助,同时着力推进指导类文书的规范化和统一化,而对其效力则应摒弃单一的强制推行思路,将重心置于家庭教育指导与人身安全保护令等相关制度的衔接上.
数字乡村治理是新时代国家农业农村信息化发展的总体布局,也是数字中国战略的重要组成部分,对实现农业农村现代化具有重要意义.构建数字乡村治理体系,具有激活乡村治理多元主体推动乡村内生发展、优化治理层级结构激发基层自治活力、依靠乡村治理平台资源传承乡村社会伦理、借助技术赋能促推城乡共同富裕等多重价值.数字乡村治理体系包含国家政策、多元共治、数字设施、乡村群体四个维度.第四次科技革命的蓬勃发展、中国特色社会治理的现代化、乡村社会结构千年之大变和农民数字化素养的提升,为构建数字乡村治理体系提供了时代机遇.可依托政策统筹供给促进治理主体协同连通、共建基础设施提升治理平台服务水平、提高人才素养赋予治理能力创新发展、完善制度规范监督树立治理规划法理权威、逐步健全应急体系确保治理机制持续运营等路径予以实现.
数字乡村治理是数字时代乡村治理的重点内容,是实现数字时代乡村善治的必然要求.数字乡村治理主要聚焦于治理主体、治理方式和治理效果三个核心问题.治理主体多元化是实现数字乡村治理的核心因素,治理方式智慧化是实现数字乡村治理的有力保障,治理成果共享化是实现数字乡村治理的终极目标.数字乡村治理仍存在治理主体数字素养不足、公共数据软件互斥与治理过程中不确定性和形式主义突出等问题.建议从培育治理主体数字素养、建设一体化数据信息应用系统和加强数字空间规范化管理等路径提升数字乡村治理效能.
随着现代化进程的演进,我国生态系统的复杂性不断增加,生态安全问题日益突出,对可持续发展提出了新课题和新挑战,加强生态安全风险治理并促进其治理绩效提升势在必行.本文将绩效理论嵌入生态安全风险治理,利用双要素理论去解构生态风险治理过程中个体的生态认知缺失、经济利益至上的理念和行为方式、生态行为的时滞效应等源发性要素,以及相关职能部门监管不力、生态惩戒成本较低、生态民主监督机制尚未形成等促发性要素.以绩效的系统改进为导向,强化生态安全风险教育,注重政府的引导和监管,注重发挥自组织与他组织耦合作用,编织生态治理监管网,构建责任地图等举措,进而实现生态安全风险治理绩效的整体性提升.
共犯思维下的帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪不仅理论基础存在疑问,而且司法实践问题丛生.应当借鉴非共犯立场下的正犯性观点,确立区别于共同犯罪的"参与犯罪"类型."参与犯罪"有三个核心特征:罪名的兜底性、参与的条件性、行为的独立性.帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪中的构成要件行为原本就不是上下游关联犯罪的共犯,如果刑法分则没有规定,其本身并不构成犯罪,是无罪行为.从"参与犯罪"角度来看,"提供行为本身的非法性"才是"明知"的核心内容."他人利用信息网络实施犯罪"只不过是构成本罪的客观条件,只需证明其客观存在,无需认识.想象竞合问题只会发生在帮信罪与"以提供行为作为构成要件行为"的罪名之间.
构建新时代马克思主义意识形态话语体系既是不断谱写马克思主义中国化时代化新篇章的理论要求,也是增强新时代马克思主义主流意识形态凝聚力和引领力的实践要求.西方发达国家以其先发优势和历史积累优势为契机在世界范围内极力主张与宣扬资本主义价值观;国内所呈现的价值理念多样化的态势较之于改革开放初期更为明显;网络技术与网络媒体的快速发展,促使网络舆论更加多元化,这是"为什么"推进新时代马克思主义意识形态话语体系构建的现实维度.马克思主义意识形态作为一种抽象的理论,如果不能用一种叙述话语把它具象化,就难以成为具有强大凝聚力和引领力的主流意识形态,构建新时代马克思主义意识形态话语体系就应当展现其传承性、大众性、实践性和人民性,这是推进构建"什么样"的新时代马克思主义意识形态话语体系的叙述维度.立足新时代,坚持普遍与特殊、理论与实践、逻辑与历史的辩证统一成为"怎么样"推进新时代马克思主义意识形态话语体系构建的方法维度.
随着国家对基层治理体系建设逐步重视,管区作为基层治理的有效制度,重新受到关注.对鲁西南T镇的实证研究发现,管区是乡镇政府为应对资源衰减与事权扩增的制度环境所设置的非正式治理层级.管区在事务统合、组织架构、人事激励和村庄动员中的非正式运作是其实现简约治理的核心机制.党政制度优势、层级分流的人事结构及公私混合的行动伦理相互交叠,构成了乡镇管区治理简约有效的复合逻辑.
基于亨利·明茨伯格的管理者角色理论研究发现,在跨界公共应急治理行动中,社会组织扮演优势嵌入的信息传递者、关系嵌入的人际交往者、功能嵌入的决策助力者等角色.由于社会组织在角色实践中的自主自觉性不强、规范制度不全、监督机制不实等原因,出现角色固化、角色偏离与角色失败的错位现象.应建立均衡灵活的角色切换机制、健全社会组织的规范机制、完善治理主体的监督机制来实现角色适应、角色矫正与角色转变的归位重塑.
当前,学界大多数研究从案件数和法官人数角度探究法院"案多人少",缺乏对案件本身的相关分析.鉴于此,以A市F区法院的数据为样本,通过梳理和分析该法院"案多"的现状和新增案件详情可发现,有相当多的案件属于审理时间短、以撤诉方式结案的物业服务合同和供用热力合同案件,且大部分属于串案,造成这一现状的重要缘由是法院为争取员额人数而人为扩充的案件.对此,可从可持续性巩固和推进员额制改革、实质性地完善相关配套机制两个方面缓解法院"案多"的现状.
