Resumo Este artigo revisa sistematicamente a literatura sobre intervenções para Transtorno de Ansiedade Social (TAS) que objetivam a modificação do viés de atenção (CBM-A e CMB-I) e seu impacto na percepção de expressões faciais emocionais. CBM-A tem por objetivo desviar a atenção de estímulos ameaçadores, enquanto o CBM-I objetiva alterar a interpretação desses estímulos. O estudo foi cadastrado na plataforma PROSPERO sob o código CRD42024591700 e seguiu as recomendações PRISMA de: identificação, triagem e elegibilidade. Treze artigos elegíveis foram analisados baseados nos descritores, as bases de dados e os critérios de inclusão/exclusão definidos. Os resultados indicam que o CBM-A melhora o viés de atenção e os sintomas de TAS, embora sua eficácia varie devido a limitações metodológicas, como amostras e medidas subjetivas. Evidencia-se a necessidade de pesquisas robustas sobre CBM-I e a integração de ferramentas objetivas, marcadores neurofisiológicos, para aprimorar intervenções clínicas baseadas em evidências.
Abstract This review analyzed the scientific literature on social media use, with an emphasis on TikTok, and its relationship with Executive Functions in adolescents. It aimed to identify the main indicators used to characterize the use of these platforms and to determine which cognitive processes may present associated deficits. Empirical studies published between 2013 and 2023, in English or Portuguese, that explicitly addressed the relationship between social media or TikTok use and Executive Functions in adolescence (10-19 years) were included. Searches were conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The sample consisted of 12 articles, 10 of which focused on the general use of social media and 2 focused specifically on TikTok. The results varied according to the executive component and platform investigated, revealing distinct mechanisms of interaction between online behaviors and the cognitive development of adolescents. The findings highlight gaps in the literature and underscore the need for more in-depth empirical research with adolescents.
Abstract This study aimed to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Daydream Frequency Scale (DDFS) for the Brazilian context. A convenience sample of 269 individuals (83% women) aged between 18 and 61 years (mean=27; SD=11) who responded to the DDFS, a scale of mind wandering (MEWS), psychopathological symptoms (ASRS and DASS-21) and self-control (MSCS). A committee of judges indicated excellent levels of content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the scale maintained a unidimensional structure [χ2(66)=671.488; p<.001; CFI=.995; RMSEA=.035; p<.001; 90% CI=[.023, .047]; TLI=.994; SRMR=.047], with items exhibiting good psychometric indicators as evaluated by IRT. The DDFS was positive correlation with mind wandering, ADHD symptoms and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, and negative correlation with self-control. These findings support the adaptation of the DDFS for the Brazilian context and provide evidence of validity based on content, internal structure, and relations to theoretically related external variables. They may contribute to a better understanding of daydreaming and its relation to psychopathological symptoms, as well as foster cross-cultural comparisons of daydreaming.
Abstract The study aimed to analyze the impact of social media on the formation of professional perspectives among nano-influencer psychologists. Nine psychologists were interviewed, and thematic analysis revealed two main themes: social media as a promoter of professional practice and the challenges associated with its use as a work tool. Social media facilitates contact with followers and expands opportunities beyond clinical practice. However, challenges arise in developing specific skills, managing tasks between content creation and clinical appointments, and exercising caution in personal exposure on the professional profile. The study, therefore, discusses the implications of the skilled use of social networks, which although they expand psychologists’ patient acquisition and professional recognition, they also present challenges that require strategic planning for effective profile management.
Abstract Interpersonal relationships and social skills are crucial in adolescence. This study aimed to examine, through a non-probabilistic sample potential associations between adolescents’ social skills and family relationship patterns, characterized by higher levels of conflict and/or affection. A total of 424 adolescents (55.2% female), aged 14 to 18 years (M=16.06; SD=.79), participated. They were high school students from private schools in southern Brazil, with a predominance of first-year high school students (59.2%). The results indicated a high repertoire of social skills in Civility, a good repertoire of Social Deportment, and deficits in Empathy, Self-Control, Assertiveness, and Affective Approach. High conflict and high affectivity were observed in family relationships. The findings suggest that deficits in social skills may be associated with increased family conflict. Therefore, promoting healthier, more affectionate and skillful relationships is necessary to support adolescents’ quality of life, well-being, and healthy development.
Resumo Altos índices de acidentes de trabalho e seus impactos demandam suporte ao trabalhador no retorno ao ambiente laboral. Este trabalho objetiva desenvolver e buscar evidências de validade do Inventário de Suporte a Trabalhadores após Acidentes Laborais (ISTAL). Para composição da escala, variáveis foram identificadas e categorizadas baseadas em entrevistas abertas e na literatura científica. Participaram 181 profissionais das áreas de Recursos Humanos e de Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho. Foram aplicados: análise de componentes principais, análise fatorial confirmatória, análise de consistência interna, teste de diferença de médias e análise de cluster. Como resultado das três primeiras, foi obtido um instrumento de quatro fatores, com índices de ajustes adequados. Análise de cluster distinguiu perfis diferenciados de profissionais conforme intensidade de suporte oferecido. Verificou-se empiricamente a importância de uma cultura organizacional inclusiva nos perfis que ofereceram maior suporte pós-acidente. O ISTAL tem potencial para auxiliar em futuras pesquisas e avaliar ações organizacionais.
Resumo A pandemia da Covid-19 impôs desafios para as mulheres grávidas e mães trabalhadoras, exigindo medidas de proteção e apoio. A Lei nº 14.151/2021 representou um avanço importante, mas sua implementação enfrentou obstáculos. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as percepções e sentimentos de mães sobre trabalhar e gestar durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com 12 mães do Rio Grande do Sul, que gestaram entre 2020 e 2021, utilizando um questionário sociodemográfico e um roteiro de entrevista on-line. Os resultados mostraram que o teletrabalho trouxe benefícios e desafios, destacando a necessidade de políticas que promovam o bem-estar das mães trabalhadoras, promovendo ambientes de trabalho flexíveis e apoiando as mulheres em suas múltiplas funções na sociedade. Destaca-se a relevância da compreensão das relações entre maternidade e trabalho em contextos de pandemias ou crises, com foco na proteção da saúde e dos direitos trabalhistas desse público.
Abstract The present study investigated the validity of a psychological intervention for university students, focusing on personality development and the promotion of healthy aging. A total of 42 students (83% women, M=27 years) participated, randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). The intervention aimed to modify the personality profile by fostering psychological maturity. Repeated measures analysis of variance and structural equation modeling were conducted. The results indicated significant reductions in depression symptoms (B=-112.62, p < 0.001) and in the distance to the healthy personality profile (B=-0.58, p= 0.019) in the EG, with effects mediated by maturity. A decrease in Neuroticism was also observed (B=-0.39, p = 0.0003), a trait associated with emotional suffering. The findings demonstrate the possibility of intentional personality change through structured interventions, as well as the fact that preventive programs may contribute to healthier aging, promoting emotional regulation and psychological adaptation throughout life.
Resumo Resiliência refere-se à adaptação bem-sucedida de um sistema dinâmico diante da adversidade. Embora relevante, observa-se escassez de instrumentos para mensurá-la, notadamente de materiais brasileiros. Assim, objetivou-se construir uma escala de resiliência para adolescentes e jovens adultos (12 a 30 anos) brasileiros, investigando as propriedades psicométricas iniciais. Para alcançar este objetivo realizou-se quatro estudos. O primeiro apresentou a teoria subjacente e os itens, o segundo qualificou o conteúdo dos itens por meio de análise de juízes e semântica com a população-alvo, o terceiro realizou-se estudo piloto para ajustar os itens, e o quarto realizou análises fatoriais exploratórias e verificou a consistência interna. Obteve-se uma versão final de 34 itens distribuídos em sete fatores. Encontrou-se boas evidências psicométricas iniciais, justificando futuros refinamentos.
Abstract This study examined the immediate effects of an educational Body Positivity video on positive and negative affects, as well as the moderating role of self-esteem and body satisfaction. 240 Brazilians (mean age=31.81, SD=13.59) participated in the experiment, which was conducted online. MANOVA revealed significant effects on negative affects (F[1, 238]=10.568; p=0.001; η2=0.043), that were higher in the experimental group. Further analysis showed that body satisfaction was a significant moderator (b=-0.31, t=-3.15, p=0.01): negative affects were only experienced in participants with lower body satisfaction. Data can be explained by specifics of the content, that discussed Body Positivity by initially presenting negative opinions coming from the general population. Thus, results align with the General Learning Model, emphasizing that educational content regarding Body Positivity should focus less on highlighting discrimination.
Resumen El presente estudio buscó establecer las propiedades psicométricas y la validez estructural del instrumento WHOQOL-BREF. Se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño transversal en una muestra de 802 estudiantes universitarios colombianos. Se obtuvieron valores de Alfa de Cronbach y Omega de McDonald por encima de 0.690 y 0.767 para las cuatro dimensiones, respectivamente. En el análisis factorial confirmatorio se probaron dos estructuras factoriales: cuatro factores correlacionados y de segundo orden, mostrando un ajuste débil con los 24 ítems. Basado en índices de modificación se eliminó el ítem 8 y se agregó una correlación entre los ítems 2 y 3, mejorando las medidas de bondad de ajuste para ambos modelos (CFI-TLI > 0,918 y RMSEA-SRMR < 0,076). Los resultados descritos sugieren que el instrumento con los 23 items presenta adecuadas medidas para la evaluación de la calidad de vida en estudiantes universitarios colombianos.
Abstract Current models suggest that fear of COVID-19 is associated with heightened levels of anxiety, depression and loneliness. However, we lack evidence regarding the inverse relationship, where fear of COVID-19 is considered a dependent variable influenced by pre-existing levels of anxiety, depression and loneliness. Furthermore, studies suggest that resilience predicts fear of COVID-19 in its relationship with anxiety. To explore these questions, we conducted a survey in a post-pandemic scenario using independent variables such as anxiety, depression, stress and perceived loneliness, using resilience as a possible mediating mechanism. Our findings indicate that fear of COVID is positively predicted by these factors, but that resilience did not exhibit direct or mediating effects on fear. These results imply that fear of COVID-19 may be exacerbated by pre-existing psychological difficulties.
Abstract This study aimed to adapt the Vicarious Trauma Scale (VTS) to the Brazilian context and to investigate evidence of validity. The response scale was reduced from 7 to 5 points, including new items to increase sensitivity to vicarious trauma symptoms based on a literature review and evaluation by experts. The adequacy of the VTS was evaluated for the unidimensional and two-factor oblique models, which were statistically equivalent. The two-factor model is consistent with the theoretical concept that indicates the existence of cognitive and affective dimensions as central to vicarious trauma. The scale showed excellent internal consistency, and external validity was observed with levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and post-traumatic stress symptoms, and traumatic events using available psychometric instruments. The findings of this study show that the adapted VTS is a reliable instrument for assessing levels of vicarious trauma in Brazilian professionals.
Abstract Assessments in higher education are a significant source of anxiety among students. This study aimed to gather validity evidence for the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI). A total of 360 students participated, most of whom were enrolled in private institutions (56.9%) and in the field of Human Sciences (56.4%), with a particular emphasis on the Pedagogy course (57.2%). Data analysis was conducted using R Studio and SPSS software. The results show evidence of content validity, indicating the linguistic appropriateness of the items in accordance with standard Portuguese. A unidimensional structure of the instrument was also confirmed, with robust psychometric indices (χ² (137) = 220.689, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.04; GFI = 0.99; SRMR = 0.06; TLI = 0.99; ECVI = 0.81). Internal consistency was found to be statistically satisfactory in both versions of the inventory. It is concluded that the instrument presents adequate psychometric evidence, despite some minor limitations, and proves to be a valid and reliable tool for use in clinical and educational settings, particularly for monitoring students who experience anxiety in evaluative situations.
Resumo Este estudo apresenta a adaptação transcultural e evidências de validade da escala Family Financial Socialization Practices (FFSP) para o Brasil, instrumento que avalia a socialização financeira no contexto familiar. A coleta de dados online incluiu 332 adultos brasileiros. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória, conduzida no software FACTOR, resultou na exclusão de um item e derivou uma estrutura final de 31 itens organizados em cinco fatores: Instruções de Gerenciamento Financeiro, Abertura das Finanças Familiares, Expectativas de Independência Financeira, Dívidas e Estresse Financeiro Familiar. Os índices de ajuste atestaram a adequação do modelo (RMSEA=0,057; CFI=0,995; TLI=0,993; SRMR=0,032). Os resultados fornecem evidências de validade de construto para a versão brasileira da escala, demonstrando suas adequadas propriedades psicométricas. O instrumento mostrou-se consistente para avaliar práticas de socialização financeira em famílias brasileiras, constituindo uma ferramenta relevante para pesquisas nacionais nessa área.
Resumo Experiências sexistas benevolentes são manifestações sutis de sexismo e trazem prejuízos ao bem-estar feminino. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi adaptar e obter evidências de validade da Escala de Experiências Sexistas Benevolentes (EESB) para o Brasil. A escala avalia as frequências das experiências benevolentes durante a vida e no último ano. Participaram 255 mulheres que responderam à EESB, à Agenda de Eventos Sexistas e a perguntas sociodemográficas. Houve adequação de uma estrutura com dois fatores. O fator Heterossexualidade Íntima foi replicado. As dimensões Diferenciação de Gênero Complementar e Paternalismo Protetor se uniram em um único fator. Apesar de divergente da original, essa estrutura apresentou sentido teórico e parâmetros psicométricos satisfatórios. A Escala apresentou evidências de validade convergente com a Agenda de Eventos Sexistas. A avaliação das experiências sexistas vivenciadas pelas mulheres por meio dessa escala pode subsidiar intervenções para a conscientização e o combate da discriminação de gênero.
Abstract This study presents an integrative literature review on online, synchronous, and hybrid therapeutic groups. The search for publications was conducted in the PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library databases, covering the period from 2012 to 2022. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 34 articles were analyzed (an average of 3.4 articles per year), organized into seven categories: (1) concepts and objectives of group processes; (2) theoretical foundations, instruments, and techniques; (3) target population and group classification; (4) specificities of group work; (5) platforms and communication modalities; (6) therapists; and (7) main outcomes of the interventions. The findings highlight the diversity of approaches in understanding, grounding, and developing online group therapies. These care strategies have shown promise, particularly when in-person sessions are unfeasible. Future research incorporating asynchronous communication in these therapies may expand the reported findings.
Abstract This study aims to adapt, analyze the internal structure, and evaluate construct validity regarding the Brazilian version of the Adolescents´ Self-efficacy to Overcome Barriers to Physical Activity Scale (SOBPAS-Br). Two independent translators translated the original scale, which was then back-translated into English by two other translators. The preliminary version was assessed by three experts and eleven adolescents, who provided content validity. The last version was answered by 348 students, 14 to 18 years of age (M = 16.1; SD = 1.2), from two campi of a federal public school in Rio de Janeiro. Exploratory factor analysis using FACTOR software revealed a bidimensional structure (personal dimension; socio-structural dimension), presenting good fit indexes, internal consistency reliability, factor replicability, item discrimination adequacy and sound validity based on relations to external variables. Thus, SOBPAS-Br is reliable and valid to be used in Brazilian cultural context.
Abstract This study aimed to examine the relationships between smartphone and Internet addiction and mental health, and to assess how social support moderates these relationships. Participated 212 college students between the ages of 18 and 55, who answered the Compulsive Internet Use Scale, Smartphone Dependence Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. Correlation and moderation analyzes were performed using SPSS software. Results indicated positive associations between smartphone and Internet addiction and the factors of the General Health Questionnaire. It was also found that the level of social support moderated the relationship between smartphone addiction and severe depression, and that social support from friends moderated the relationship between compulsive Internet use and severe depression. This study contributes to the understanding of the need for social support for adolescents who overuse smartphones and the Internet to avoid severe mental health problems.
