ABSTRACT Cell therapies are a transformative pillar in healthcare, offering treatments for a diverse range of rare and chronic diseases. However, their complex supply chain relies on cryopreservation and cold‐chain logistics, which limits access to these life‐saving treatments, and the freeze–thaw process can affect their therapeutic quality. Here, we present an ambient temperature transportation system consisting of a novel dual chamber device that facilitates shipment of fresh cells by providing sustained oxygen delivery and extracellular matrix support, eliminating the need for cryopreservation. This device was optimized to maximize oxygen‐carrying capacity for over 70 h at baseline. In parallel, a finite element model was developed to capture oxygen transfer within the device and cellular oxygen consumption. Focusing on insulin‐producing cells as a representative cargo given their oxygen sensitivity, the computational framework predicts the optimal cell density for a 48‐h international pilot ambient shipment based on oxygen durability, or the time taken for the system to reach atmospheric oxygen levels. Post‐shipment, the cells remained viable and functional, outperforming their cryopreserved controls. This tunable platform can be adapted to suit a range of biological cargoes, improving their quality and extending ambient shipment timeframes while reducing economic and environmental costs associated with cold‐chain logistics.
ABSTRACT Ru has been investigated as a promissing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). However, its excessive oxophilicity blocks active sites and over‐structures interfacial water, limiting alkaline HER kinetics. In this work, we report a Ru‐RuO 2−δ heterostructure that overcomes these kinetic bottlenecks via an engineered interface‐to‐surface proton transfer relay. This architecture promotes a more flexible interfacial water network that facilitates Grotthuss‐type proton transport, coupled with facilitated hydrogen spillover from high‐affinity Ru clusters to low‐affinity RuO 2−δ surfaces. By decoupling proton delivery from surface binding, the Ru‐RuO 2−δ achieves an intrinsic activity 26‐fold higher than pristine Ru, requiring ultra‐low overpotentials of only 15 ± 4 and 165 ± 6 mV at 10 and 1000 mA cm −2 , respectively. Notably, the catalyst demonstrates long‐term durability under high‐current‐density operation (> 470 h at 1 A cm −2 ) with a degradation rate 2,000‐fold lower than commercial Pt/C. In a practical AEMWE, it delivers 1 A cm −2 at a cell voltage of 1.67 ± 0.02 V (45.1 ± 0.5 kWh kg H2 −1 ), meeting the U.S. DOE energy‐consumption target. Beyond providing a high‐performance alternative to platinum, this work introduces a design principle for accelerating electrocatalytic kinetics through the engineering of interface‐to‐surface transport relays.
ABSTRACT Spatially resolved electroluminescent (EL) textiles are highly desirable for flexible hazard detection, yet conventional systems limit real‐time localization of dynamic stimuli. Inspired by insect olfaction, where spatial information emerges from distributed sensing and spatiotemporal signal differences, we report a cellulose‐based EL sensing textile for real‐time gas leak localization via material‐architecture‐governed spatial encoding. Plant‐derived cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) serve as fundamental building blocks, organizing functional components through blending or surface modification and being assembled via wet‐spinning into continuous fibers with hierarchical porosity, flexibility, and volumetric stimulus accessibility essential for rapid gas sensing. Conductive fibers are fabricated through in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANI) on CNF surfaces, enabling reversible, gas‐responsive electrical modulation with detection limits of 1 ppm for HCl and 3.6 ppm for NH 3 . Coaxial electroluminescent fibers comprising a PANI@CNF conductive core and ZnS‐embedded CNF shell provide stable light emission over 100 h of continuous operation. Intersections between these fibers form self‐defined units that translate localized gas exposure into spatiotemporally resolved EL patterns, mapping propagation pathways with a naked‐eye detection threshold of 100 ppm, while maintaining stable emission after washing and bending. This work establishes a bio‐inspired, architecture‐driven strategy for smart textiles, highlighting cellulose‐based nanocomposites as key components for next‐generation smart technologies.
ABSTRACT The extensive use of medical X‐rays increases chronic radiation exposure risks for medical staff and patients. Traditional lead‐based materials present low shielding efficiency at 20–100 keV, along with high weight, stiffness, poor flexibility, toxicity, and single functionality, limiting their wearable applications. Herein, hierarchical striated Bi 2 O 3 /WC/TPU@MXene/TPU (BWMT) core‐sheath fibers are fabricated via coaxial wet‐spinning. The tightly bonded core‐sheath structure maintains superior radiation shielding and mechanical performances, delivering a high strain sensing range (296%) and ultrahigh sensitivity (2.9 × 10 4 ). The striated sheath enables a sensitive piezoresistive response (10.67 kPa −1 ) after helical twisting. Woven BWMT multilayer fabrics achieve 51.84%–94.23% X‐ray attenuation at 20–100 keV, while possessing low density (1.06 g cm −3 ), superior stretchability (>800%), air permeability (>37 mm s −1 ), waterproofness, and thermal conductivity. This multifunctional fabric integrates radiation shielding and wearable sensing, promising advanced clinical protective wearable devices.
ABSTRACT The sluggish ion transport kinetics within solid‐state electrolytes and the consequent heterogeneous lithium deposition represent core bottlenecks impeding high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries. Such uneven deposition originates from restricted ion transport networks and fragile contact at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Constructing long‐range continuous fast ion transport networks effectively regulates microscopic ion flux, enabling uniform lithium plating/stripping. Herein, we propose an innovative solvent‐free melt coordination intercalation strategy, combined with electrospinning and in‐situ thermal polymerization, to construct composite solid electrolytes featuring dual‐ion conduction channels using 2D layered montmorillonite as the functional skeleton. The highly conductive interlayer confinement transport channels of montmorillonite and the continuous montmorillonite/polymer amorphous interfaces synergistically constitute interconnected “interlayer‐interface” dual‐conduction networks for Li + . Consequently, the resulting electrolyte exhibits a high room‐temperature ionic conductivity of 1.6 mS·cm −1 and an outstanding Li + transference number of 0.68. Meanwhile, uniform ion transmission across the electrode/electrolyte interface is guaranteed. The Li||Li symmetric cells demonstrate long stable cycling of over 6000 h at 0.1 mA·cm −1 . Furthermore, LiFePO 4 ||Li full cells retain ∼70% of their initial capacity after 3000 cycles at 2 C rate. This work simultaneously achieves efficient ion transport and enhanced interfacial stability, providing a promising avenue for high‐performance solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
