The rapidly developing field of MXene-based room-temperature NO2 gas sensors is characterized by significant heterogeneity in material synthesis, treatment methods, and sensor design. This variation complicates the identification of best technological practices and hinders direct comparison of reported performance metrics. This study addresses this challenge by performing the first comprehensive meta-analysis of 1243 individual sensor measurements from 61 published, peer-reviewed papers. The analysis establishes comparable key performance metrics for quantitative synthesis, including normalized sensing response, breakpoint, and sensitivity, and identifies a wide range of explanatory variables, with modifier type, intercalation, synthesis approach, surface state, and post-synthesis treatment being the most influential factors, and a smaller contribution from morphology, while device-level parameters such as electrode material are secondary. The resulting multidimensional analysis yields a quantitative assessment of structure-property-performance drivers and exposes systematic gaps in current sensor design. Beyond consolidating a fragmented literature, this work establishes a methodological blueprint for translating data heterogeneity into generalized design rules, accelerating the rational development of high-performance MXene-based chemical sensors.
ABSTRACT The surface modification of zinc anodes and the development of effective cathode dual‐functional oxygen electrocatalysts remain of paramount interest for enhancing the cycle life of rechargeable zinc‐air batteries. The present work provides a sustainable synthesis of CoNi‐based composites that can be used as cathode and anode side catalysts in Zn‐air batteries. CoNi‐metals with hybrid‐metal organic frameworks (Hybrid‐MOFs) and MOF‐derived composites from curcumin‐melamine (C‐M) and benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylic acid (BTC) were created for cathode and anode composites using reflux and hydrothermal techniques. In this instance, the cathode composite can be referred to as CoNi‐N‐C after annealing, whereas the anode composite can be referred to as CoNi‐BTC without annealing. Thereafter, the formation of CoNi‐N‐C and CoNi‐BTC composites was confirmed by microscopic, X‐ray photoelectron, and X‐ray diffraction techniques. As a result, structurally tailored CoNi‐N‐C and CoNi‐BTC composites perform efficiently in electrochemical processes such as oxygen evolution/reduction reactions (OER/ORR) and energy conversion devices (Zn‐air battery). Primarily, the CoNi‐N‐C catalyst exhibits the lowest overpotential (E i = 10 = 1.48 V) and better half‐wave potential (E 1/2 = 0.781 V) in OER/ORR reactions; secondary CoNi‐BTC composites coated on the Zn anode have the highest specific capacity (756.3 mA h g zn −1 ) and 1000‐cycle charge–discharge stability in Zn‐air batteries.
ABSTRACT Molecular Solar Thermal (MOST) energy storage employs photoswitches to offer a closed‐cycle means of capturing, storing, and utilizing solar energy in an emission‐free system. In this work, we conduct a systematic solvent screening to elucidate how different media affect the photoisomerization of a norbornadiene–quadricyclane (NBD–QC) photoswitch and the subsequent catalytic activation of the heat‐release step for efficient, on‐demand energy delivery. For future applications, all system components, including the photoswitch, catalyst, and solvent, should be non‐toxic and environmentally benign. Among the greener solvents assessed here, the photoisomerization quantum yield was observed to be 25% points higher and the storage lifetime extended by 15 days in the biodegradable solvent propylene carbonate (Pc) compared with toluene, the most commonly used solvent in MOST systems. Using a custom‐built setup, a heat‐release temperature increase of 51°C was achieved in Pc, approaching the highest temperature increase reported for MOST systems operating in organic solvents. Pc also displays broad compatibility with a range of catalysts, including those based on first‐row transition and noble metals. We thus present a fully integrated MOST/catalyst/solvent system comprising a scalable NBD‐QC photoswitch, an active catalyst (including naturally abundant metals), and a low‐toxicity, sustainable solvent. Together, these features represent a significant advancement in the feasibility of MOST systems for practical applications.
ABSTRACT Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 alpha (IDH3A) is a key rate‐limiting enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, traditionally associated with cellular energy metabolism. However, its role in cancer remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that IDH3A is significantly overexpressed in melanoma, primarily due to DNA copy number amplification. Metabolomic analysis revealed that IDH3A overexpression enhanced multiple biosynthetic intermediates, including G6P, F6P, DHAP, and 6‐phosphogluconate, indicating metabolic reprogramming toward anabolic processes without significantly affecting ATP or lactate production. Intriguingly, IDH3A localizes to the nucleus in melanoma cells and promotes tumorigenesis independent of its dehydrogenase activity. Nuclear IDH3A interacts with transcription factor YBX1, enriching at promoter regions of oncogenes such as c‐FOS and c‐JUN, thereby suppressing apoptosis and promoting tumor growth. Furthermore, we identify NONO as a nuclear chaperone that facilitates the nuclear localization of IDH3A through direct interaction, primarily involving NONO amino acids Q166 and S207. Disruption of NONO impairs IDH3A nuclear translocation and mitigates its tumor‐promoting function. Collectively, our findings uncover a noncanonical role of IDH3A as a nuclear regulator of transcription via YBX1, offering novel insight into metabolic enzyme reprogramming in melanoma.
ABSTRACT With the increasing demand for emergent functionalities in next‐generation electronic devices, materials research has shifted from conventional materials discovery toward structural reconstruction and interface engineering. In this regime, the discovery of moiré superlattices has established twistronics as a powerful platform for generating emergent phenomena through twist‐induced modulations of atomic registry and interfacial coupling. While most twist‐engineered systems have been confined to van der Waals materials, extending them to strongly correlated complex oxides represents a challenging yet promising frontier. Recent developments in freestanding oxide membranes have enabled this transition by eliminating substrate‐imposed epitaxial constraints and allowing deterministic stacking and twisting of crystalline oxide thin films. Experiments have established structural moiré superlattices, polar textures, and registry‐dependent charge disproportionation. In contrast, flat bands, charge ordering, and tunable magnetic interactions remain primarily theoretical predictions requiring direct experimental verification. Hybrid oxide‐two‐dimensional (2D) heterostructures further combine correlated oxides degree of freedom with the tunable electronic and optical properties of 2D materials, opening new opportunities for unconventional moiré physics. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in oxide twistronics, spanning freestanding oxide membranes, twisted oxide bilayers, and hybrid oxide‐2D moiré heterostructures, while highlighting future direction for engineering emergent quantum phases and next‐generation multifunctional device architectures.
