The research deals with the problems of measuring inequality of opportunity in health. One of the main difficulties is measuring individual health. To solve the problem, this study proposes synthesizing a quantitative health indicator using IRT-models. We tested this approach on RLMS data. As calculations show, with an increase in the number of health indicators, the assessment of inequality of opportunities in health increases. The maximum level was equal to 20.83%.
The research focuses on the investigation of birth cohort effects in post-month consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana. The authors utilize hierarchical and non-hierarchical multivariate probit models to examine the relationship between the consumption of addictive goods taking into account the endogeneity of subjective health evaluation. Based on the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2002 to 2020 data the study provides evidence of significant age and gender differences in alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana consumption According to the findings, the consumption of each of the substances in question increases the propensity to use other addictive goods, and it differs significantly across birth cohorts and men and women. The correlation between alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana consumption increases from older to younger cohorts. There is also evidence of a closing gender gap in addictive goods consumption, particularly concerning the younger cohorts.
In this paper, we overview the forecasting methods in the presence of structural breaks. Methods for selecting a forecast window that includes the break date, weighted average methods of pre- and post-break estimators, and averaging-based methods are discussed. The considered methods are compared in terms of predictive power using Russian macroeconomic time series. The results demonstrate the superiority of forecasts that take into account the presence of break.
This study evaluates the impact of stock market volatility in the Russian Federation on the size and dynamics of credit spreads for Russian corporate bonds. Credit spreads on corporate bonds represent a measure of the risk premium in the public lending market, while stock market indicates stock market instability. Analyzing the relationship between the bond market risk premium and the instability of the stock market is a pertinent task today because these processes may exhibit both direct and inverse correlations. Additionally, formulating hypotheses about whether stock market volatility positively or negatively affects credit spreads of corporate bonds, and vice versa, poses challenges. The study utilizes data on the Moscow Exchange index (MOEX), Russia’s volatility index (RVI), yields of Russian corporate bonds, and values of Russia’s zero-coupon yield curve (KBD). The research aims to identify patterns in the dynamics of the risk premium in the bond market in response to shocks in MOEX volatility. It also seeks to characterize the actions of investors and holders of Russian corporate bonds during periods of heightened volatility in the Russian stock market.
The study investigates the effect of satisfaction with working conditions on health of the Russian working population, disaggregated by gender and age groups. The author uses a copula-based recursive system of binary equations. It allows to account for the endogeneity of working conditions satisfaction and to consider different partial distributions of random errors and their dependence structure as separate tasks. The findings indicate that satisfaction with working conditions plays a protective role in maintaining employee health, with age differentiation in effect size, particularly among male individuals.
