Background and Objective: The onset of various diseases and especially disabling diseases such as bronchial asthma is often associated with quantitative and qualitative changes in leukocytes.The research aimed to study the features of leukocytes in bronchial asthma patients.Materials and Methods: The study was based on the count of certain leukocyte cells in the peripheral blood of relatively safe donors (30) and bronchial asthma patients (109), including 15 intermittent asthma, 38 mild persistent, 26 moderate persistent and 30 severe persistent asthmatics.Blood smears were used to count the number of leukocytes in donors using the garaeva camera.Lymphocytes were isolated with the zonal centrifugation method and were cultured under standard conditions.Results: The results showed a significant increase in the neutrophil and eosinophil in asthmatics compared to relatively safe donors and this increase was offset by a decrease in lymphocyte and monocyte.The correlational analysis method showed that there is an inverse relationship of dependence between counted lymphocytes and the degree of the disease severity (r = -0.3,р = 0.04, R 2 = 0.0734, n = 49) in vivo.In contrast to in vitro, based on slowed cell growth in the medium culture of patients with severe disease, lymphocytes from mild and moderate asthmatics showed a proliferative activity.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be said that an estimation of certain figurative elements in the peripheral blood of patients with asthma would provide information on the actors involved in the initiation of the immune-inflammatory response in asthmatics.
Background and Objective: The neolignan isoamericanol A was purified from the organic layer of the MeOH extract of the waste residue of the Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) seed.The previous work revealed that isoamericanol A can induce G2/M arrest on MCF-7.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the selective effect of isoamericanol A on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), as well as to clarify the point at which isoamericanol A exhibited anti-cancer activity on MCF-7 at M phase.Materials and Methods: The normal human breast cell line (MCF-10A) and the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) were subjected to isoamericanol A treatment for 3 days for cell growth inhibition assay.DNA microarray analysis was performed to reveal the expressional difference on MCF-7 with or without 3-day isoamericanol A treatment.Also, the effect of short term isoamericanol A treatment was studied by flow cytometry analysis, as well as immunofluorescent staining using Aurora B, "-tubulin and the chromosome.Results: In this experiment, both MCF-10A and MCF-7 were treated with isoamericanol A to measure the relative degrees of inhibition.Though inhibiting both cell lines, isoamericanol A effected 25.9±6.14%(n = 4, p<0.05) more growth inhibition on MCF-7 than it did on MCF-10A.Microarray analysis showed isoamericanol A resulted in numerous expressional changes in cell division related genes pertaining to spindle formation.The immunofluorescent staining showed that brief isoamericanol A treatment is capable of inducing cell growth inhibition specifically by disrupting regular spindle formation during M phase.Flow cytometry analysis showed brief isoamericanol A treatment induced G2/M arrest.Conclusion: Isoamericanol A inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation more than it does normal human breast cells.Moreover, this study revealed that isoamericanol A treatment can induce G2/M cell cycle arrest due to monopolar spindle formation during cell division.
Background and Objective: Fungal endophyte is a good source in producing bioactive compounds possessing antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities.This study was aimed to produce fungal endophyte from Phyllantus niruri and to test its in vitro bioactivity as antibacterial, antioxidant and cancer cytotoxic agent.The molecular mechanism of the fungal activities was then predicted using in silico docking.Materials and Methods: Fungal endophyte from genus Trichaptum sp., isolated from Phyllantus niruri herbs was extracted using ethyl acetate and further fractionated using n-hexane, diethyl ether and ethanol and ethanol 96% through chromatography column ready for testing.The antimicrobial test was carried out using disc diffusion method.The antioxidant was determined using hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging and reducing power capacity.The cytotoxicity assay against T47D breast cancer cell was carried out using (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method.The docking of chemicals reported in the sample was performed using AutoDock Vina.Results: Diethyl ether fraction was the most active fraction against Escherichia coli and T47D cell growth in a non-toxic dose, whereas the best antioxidant activity was performed by ethanol 96% fraction.Assays on the cell cycle modulation and its apoptotic behavior suggested that the T47D was disrupted via p53 mutant, Bcl-2 and NF-6B abrogation.Molecular docking of compounds identified in the fraction suggested that these activities could belong to the maltose binding perisplasmic and oxydosqualene cyclase inhibition in Escherichia coli and T47D, respectively.Conclusion: Fungal endophyte from Phyllantus niruri was successfully isolated as genus Trichaptum sp. and serving as antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to screen and to identify the cytotoxic compound from the leaves of Kigelia pinnata.Materials and Methods: Dry leaf powder of K. pinnata was extracted with chloroform and the extract was tested for anticancer cytotoxic activity by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) cells.Crude extract was purified by silica gel column chromatography and the active fraction was identified by using spectroscopic techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.The identified compound was docked with cancer drug target protein, DNA topoisomerase-I using AutoDock4.Results: Crude extract showed significant anticancer cytotoxic activity with IC 50 value of 80 µg mLG 1 .The GC-MS chromatogram showed the presence of more than 15 different phytochemical compounds.The active fraction of the crude was identified as N-hexadecanoic acid with a molecular weight 256.42 Da and molecular formula C 16 H 32 O 2 .Molecular docking analysis showed that N-hexadecanoic acid has high affinity interaction with DNA topoisomerase-I with a free binding energy -6.71 kcal molG 1 .The N-hexadecanoic acid demonstrated significant IC 50 value of 0.8 µg mLG 1 against HCT-116 cells.Conclusion: Based on the results of docking studies, it is proposed that the observed cytotoxic activity of N-hexadecanoic acid is due to its interaction with DNA topoisomerase-I and itcould be explored further for its anticancer cytotoxic potential with other cancer drug target proteins.
