Using the survey data consisting of 1385 farm households engaging in maize production, we construct a Stochastic Frontier（SF） model augmented with a instrumental that controls for an index capturing mechanization services, to conduct an analysis on the impact of agricultural mechanization services on technical efficiency, as well as the differences among different production links. The index is constructed with a Probit model based on farmer’s mechanization service adoption decision. We show that mechanization services can significantly promote technical efficiency and using traditional techniques doesn’t necessarily cause efficiency loss. Small farms are less efficient than their larger counterparts, but mechanization services can help reduce the gap between them. The impact of mechanization services on technical efficiency is significantly positive in labor-intensive production links such as tillage, irrigation and harvesting links and in semi-labor and semi-technology intensive production link（sowing service）, while is not statistically significant in the technology-intensive link（pest control service）. Our findings suggest that mechanization services are an important source to increase farm efficiency and it is urgent to pay attention to the standardization of mechanization services, especially in technology-intensive links so as to reduce supervision cost.
数字经济的发展使得制造业+物流业两业融合发展的趋势不断得到增强.新时期制造业物流生态的技术创新需要多方利益相关者的协同参与,本文构建制造企业与物流企业不同行为策略的演化博弈模型,重点考察在政府参与情况下,二者技术协同创新投入行为的稳定策略,并通过数值仿真,讨论制造业物流技术协同创新的影响因素.研究结果表明:技术转化收益能力越强、信息共享度越高、风险系数越低,制造与物流企业参与主体更倾向于技术协同创新;当技术协同创新收益在不同的区间范围时,双方投入策略会呈现出不同的演化稳定状态;当双方不进行技术协同创新而选择模仿创新时,引入政府的参与,找到制造企业和物流企业都进行技术协同创新投入的最优干预策略,验证了模型的有效性;在政府干预机制下,补贴额度、激励标准、税收减免和监管惩罚力度都对技术协同创新起到了正向作用,防止了搭便车现象发生.
利用 2011-2020 年中国A股非金融上市企业年度财务数据和宏观经济数据,基于信贷期限结构视角实证检验数字金融对企业实业投资和金融投资的作用效应和内在机理.研究发现,数字金融能够显著提升企业的信贷期限结构;数字金融通过延长企业信贷期限调节企业投资行为,促进企业实业投资,抑制金融投资;数字金融对企业实业投资和金融投资的影响在高融资约束和市场化程度高地区企业中更为显著;数字金融对企业投资行为的作用效应能够提升企业创新水平和降低经营风险.
利用中国"金税三期"工程分批实施为准自然实验,运用双重差分法检验税收征管数字化升级对企业劳动投资效率的影响.研究表明,税收征管数字化升级显著提升了企业劳动投资效率,且对劳动投资不足和投资过度均有显著缓解作用.进一步检验发现,税收征管数字化升级对劳动投资效率的作用机制在于缓解代理问题和降低避税行为;该影响在民营、外部融资依赖度高、分析师关注度低、税收优惠地区的企业中更为显著.
节能减排财政政策作为一项重要的环境规制政策,是政府通过节能减排方式促进经济绿色低碳发展的有力抓手,是实现生态文明建设的客观要求,对企业绿色创新有着重要影响.本文以 2011 年以来推行节能减排综合示范城市建设的三批次试点城市企业作为准自然实验,运用双重差分法检验节能减排财政政策对企业绿色创新的影响.研究结果显示,节能减排财政政策能够促进企业绿色创新,在通过平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验、内生性检验后该结论仍然稳健.异质性分析表明,节能减排财政政策对东部地区企业、绿色金融水平较高地区企业、规模较大企业、高污染行业企业、成长期和成熟期企业绿色创新促进作用更明显.机制检验表明,节能减排财政政策的实施通过增加政府补助、提升政府环境治理水平、增加企业研发投入三个渠道促进企业绿色创新.
