Engagement and a sense of belonging are essential to inclusive education, particularly for students with education needs and disabilities (SEND) in chemistry classrooms. This study investigates how secondary school chemistry teachers in Indonesia apply the Multiple Means of Engagement (MME) principle of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework to enhance participation and inclusion for students with SEND. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 11 experienced chemistry teachers and were analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that teachers adopted strategies such as offering task choices, integrating culturally relevant contexts, providing affirming feedback, and encouraging self-reflection. These practices were perceived to strengthen students’ motivation, participation, and sense of belonging. Nonetheless, implementation was uneven, constrained by limited conceptual understanding and institutional barriers. The study concludes that UDL-informed engagement strategies have the potential to foster both cognitive and affective inclusion and highlights the importance of professional development that bridges global pedagogical theory with local classroom realities.
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) affects over 13% of individuals globally, significantly impacting emotional well-being and relationships. Current pharmacological treatments for HSDD often have side effects. This study explored 14 peptide-based compounds as potential treatments for HSDD using in silico methods. Molecular docking results identified four compounds with promising potential as alternatives to existing medications. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations compared the leading compound’s binding affinity to the reference drug’s affinity with the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), showing a greater binding affinity (∆GGBSA = –76.23 kJ/mol) for the leading compound. Compound 8 also exhibited pharmacokinetic properties like the reference drugs. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis revealed that compound 8 had higher reactivity than the reference drug, indicated by a lower HOMO-LUMO value. These findings highlight the potential of compound 8 as a therapeutic agent for HSDD and its promise in developing a new class of peptide-based treatments.
Heavy trivalent lanthanide and yttrium complexes with p-aminobenzoate were synthesized and characterized using thermoanalytical, spectroscopic, and complementary techniques. The results provide in-depth knowledge, particularly regarding the thermal behavior of these complexes, which had not been previously reported. Analytical and thermoanalytical data showed that the complexes exhibit a 1:3 metal-to-p-ABA stoichiometry, and FTIR spectra indicated coordination through the carboxylate and amino groups for the Ho(III)-Yb(III), and Y(III) complexes, whereas the lutetium complex showed coordination only by carboxylate group. The complexes exhibited a crystalline structure and, except the lutetium complex, were monohydrated. Simultaneous Thermogravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) and Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) results allowed investigation of the thermal behavior of the complexes under pyrolytic and oxidative atmospheres. EGA identified CO₂, CO, and NH₃ as the main gaseous products released during thermal decomposition in an air atmosphere, while aniline, CO₂, CO, and NH₃ were identified under a nitrogen atmosphere. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) enabled the determination of dehydration enthalpies and the study of phase transitions for the Ho(III), Er(III), Y(III) complexes
A spectrophotometric method has been proposed to determine the proton pump inhibitors omeprazole and pantoprazole sodium in both pure and pharmacological forms, such as injections, capsules, and tablets. The method relied on the reaction of the above drugs with tropaeoline OO dye, forming ion association complexes, which are measured at 410 nm after extraction by chloroform. The method followed Beer's law over the concentration range of 0.5-14 and 0.5–13 μg/mL and with molar absorptivity values of 1.72x10–5 and 1.83x10–5 L mol–1 cm–1 for omeprazole and pantoprazole sodium, respectively. The method had good accuracy and precision, with the recovery % ranging between 98.84 and 101.02% and the relative standard deviation less than 0.66%. The method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical preparations of the studied drug compounds from different origins, and its results were in good agreement with the original content of the pharmaceutical preparations and free from interferences by excipients.
Silver nanoparticles can be synthesized via several methods, with electrogeneration being one of the most dynamic cost-effective techniques. This offers precise control for shape and size of nanoparticles, making it superior to other strategies. Stabilizers as Glycerin (GLY.), Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used to prevent aggregation, promote the growth and nucleation of suspended particles. In this study, multiple analytical tools, including (XRD), (FESEM), and (HRTEM), were employed to characterize synthesized Ag NPs. Prepared Ag NPs were calcined at 300 °C to remove impurities. The prepared Ag NPS in the presence of PVA were selected for the photocatalytic process, because they have a wide surface area and small particles sizes of about ~60.51 nm, after calcination at 300 °C. The photodegradation efficiency was 98.60% for the standard Ag NPs and 95.70% for the synthesized. The reactions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, characterized by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The activation energy (Ea) was 14.737 kJ mol–1 for the standard Ag NPs and 13.483 kJ mol–1 for the synthesized Ag NPs.
