The Mbya Guarani League of Santa Catarina is a seven-a-side soccer championship, designed and organized by and for the Mbya Guarani community of the coast of Santa Catarina and surrounding areas, who travel between villages during each round of the championship, promoting integration, connection, leisure, health and joy. The main objective of this work was to present the main discussions and results of the author's master's dissertation, whose main objective was to map the championship and understand its role in mobility (guata) and encounters (nhemboaty) that connect people and their ways of life (nhandereko) in networks (kya) in the extensive, and currently fragmented, Guarani territory (Yvy Rupa). In addition, another objective was to bring visibility to Guarani existence, resistance and culture, as well as the Geography of sports and the Geography of Soccer, through soccer. The following methodological procedures were used: bibliographic and documentary survey, participant observation, free and semi-structured interviews, transcription of interviews, in addition to seeking to create a participatory and anticolonial work. The main results showed that the Mbya Guarani League of Santa Catarina develops or strengthens a regional network of relationships between villages, connecting culture and territory.
This work addresses the analytical distinction between Florence Weber and Zelizer, in relation to social economy and economic circuits, with a view to its application in the study of informality. The complexity of this exercise justifies the dedication to study and reflection, since it contributes to the advancement of knowledge about informal work, stimulates academic debate around the topic, and promotes the development of theoretical and methodological training processes—especially because the authors focus on the social and cultural aspects of means of payment. To this end, Florence Weber's interpretation of "bricole" and Zelizer's interpretation of relational work are adopted. In this bibliographic analysis, we sought to understand which of the two interpretations can be more adequately used in the informal labor market, an environment that fosters a considerable development of solidarity relations. It is argued that, although Weber's concept of "bricole" illuminates non-monetary exchanges and solidarity, it is Zelizer's notion of "economic circuit" that offers greater analytical power to explain informality, precisely because it incorporates the multiple forms of money and relational labor in commercial transactions. It is concluded that the panorama is broad, but the economic circuit is realized more fully and systematically in informality. By explicitly confronting the two approaches, the article contributes to filling a gap in studies on informality: the lack of clear criteria for choosing between different theoretical frameworks available in economic sociology, offering support for future empirical research and for the conceptual refinement of the field.
A arquitetura das finanças ambientais globais opera sob uma premissa fundamental: a de que injeções massivas de capital podem isolar permanentemente os biomas tropicais da degradação econômica. A maioria dos paradigmas de governança internacional concentra-se fortemente na expansão dessa matriz espacial de perímetros protegidos ao longo da bacia amazônica. No entanto, o desacoplamento sistêmico entre o financiamento da macroconservação e as realidades em nível micro das sociedades tradicionais expõe um paradoxo crítico. Embora programas transnacionais como o PPG-7 e o ARPA tenham consolidado com sucesso milhões de hectares no papel, eles priorizaram um monitoramento tecnocêntrico e vertical (top-down), enquanto congelaram os orçamentos operacionais e o aporte tecnológico das reservas habitadas por populações humanas. Nesta investigação, revelamos o legado de 36 anos desses mecanismos nas quatro primeiras Reservas Extrativistas da Amazônia, estabelecidas em 1990. Demonstramos como esse vácuo financeiro impulsiona, na prática, a conversão localizada de floresta em pastagem, ao aprisionar as comunidades da linha de frente na pobreza estrutural. As evidências destacam que a densidade de capital macrocêntrica é funcionalmente inviável sem a equidade da microgovernança descentralizada, estabelecendo uma linha de base conceitual urgente para reformar o financiamento climático internacional.
Urban dynamics act as mechanisms that marginalize and exclude determined social groups. The processes of marginalization and exclusion, in turn, have greater dimensions in large urban centers. Crab collectors are individuals who have historically been in a marginal position because they begin in the activity in conditions of unemployment, underemployment or poverty. However, the marginalized position does not occur only due to this condition, but also due to the various socio-environmental conflicts that occur in the maretórios of action of these individuals and the absence of the State in resolving the problems. In this sense, the objective of the present study is to geographically analyze the urban dynamics that marginalize crab collectors in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ) and the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória (RMGV). This study contributes to geographical research on marginalized social groups in Brazil by demonstrating how urbanization processes produce and intensify sociospatial inequalities that directly affect the livelihoods, territories, and forms of social reproduction of these workers. By examining these dynamics, the study expands the understanding of the relationships between urbanization, marginalization, and socio-environmental conflicts, providing a basis for reflections and actions aimed at promoting the recognition of and supporting the continued presence of these groups in their maretórios.
This article aims to contribute to the discussion on public policies focused on the conservation and provision of water-related environmental services within the scientific field of Geography. From a territorial planning perspective, with emphasis on the maintenance of water resources, it seeks to deepen the debate on the operationalization of territorial management instruments for water provision, which are intrinsically linked to ecosystem conservation and quality. To this end, public policies implemented in the municipality of Extrema, Minas Gerais, a pioneer in the adoption of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) for water in Brazil, were analyzed. The watersheds located within the municipal territory of Extrema constitute strategic contributors to the water supply of the Cantareira System (São Paulo State). The Conservador das Águas Project operates through the implementation of public policies for water resource management, promoting territorial practices aimed at environmental conservation in rural properties within watersheds that contribute to the water security and supply of approximately 50% of the São Paulo Metropolitan Region. In this context, the municipality of Extrema has implemented territorial practices based on regulations, agreements, projects, and actions aligned with the principles of ecological modernization.
