Introduction: Childbearing and rejuvenating society are serious challenges in today's world. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is associated with obesity, has become a common concern for fertility. Early diagnosis of PCOS can improve the treatment process and the quality of life of the family. The present study was conducted with aim to train machine learning models with hormonal marker data and metabolic syndrome to identify PCOS and then present exercise strategies for infertile women. Methods: Data from 1000 infertile women aged 20-45 years with and without PCOS were initially processed, and subsequently, 500 individuals were selected using various methods, including random forests (RF), recurrent feature elimination (RFE), and interaction (MI), to identify important features and incorporate them into different algorithms. Results: Training Decision Tree (DT) model with feature selection by the RF method had the highest accuracy in diagnosis compared to others. Also, according to the results of feature selection by RFE, MI, and RF methods, it was shown that, in addition to sex hormones, fasting glucose, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, vitamin D3, and thyroid-related hormones are prominent factors that play a role in predicting PCOS with high accuracy. Conclusion: Diagnosis of PCOS and investigation of its related biomarkers with artificial intelligence showed that metabolic indicators, along with sex hormones, are of particular importance in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Introduction: It seems that vascular function plays a role in the development of diabetes; the present study was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of resistance training on ankle-brachial index, blood pressure and bone morphogenetic protein 4 in women with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 2024 on 28 type 2 diabetic women with peripheral neuropathy (Michigan Score higher than 7).The subjects were placed in two groups of resistance training (n=13) and control (n=15). The training group performed 12 weeks of 1RM training including 11 movements at intensity of 50-60% of maximum strength and 1-3 progressive sets (increasing by one set every 4 weeks) performed three days a week. Before the first session and 48 hours after the last training session, blood pressure, brachial plexus index (ABI), and anthropometric indices were measured and blood sampling was collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 27) and dependent t-test and analysis of covariance. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In ankle-brachial index (P=0.011), systolic blood pressure (P=0.02), blood sugar (P=0.001), insulin resistance (P=0.001) and 4-BMP (P=0.001) based on the covariance values, there was a significant decrease in the values of the training group compared to the control group; However, there was no significant difference for weight, body mass index, fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, BMP-4 decreased during resistance training and it seems that the decrease may be related to exercise-induced arterial changes, but needs more research in this field.
Introduction: Postpartum pain can have a negative impact on the mother's psyche and the relationship with the baby. Herbal medicines, with greater acceptability and fewer side effects are a suitable method for reducing pain. The present study was conducted with aim to determine the effect of soft gel capsules of Rosa damascena (Damask rose) on the severity of postpartum pain in multiparous women. Methods: This triple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2023–2024 on 88 multiparous women with moderate to severe postpartum pain in Shabihkhani Maternity of Kashan. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of: Rosa damascena capsules and placebo (n=44 in each group). The intervention group was given Rosa damascena capsules 2 hours after delivery and every 8 to 24 hours, and the control group was given placebo with the same characteristics. The participants' pain intensity was measured using a visual pain scale before and one hour after capsule consumption. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 26) and chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance, and analysis of variance. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: According to the results, the mean pain intensity after the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). After the intervention and over time, the intensity of postpartum pain decreased in both groups receiving Rosa damascena capsules (p<0.001) and placebo (p<0.001). Conclusion: In the present study, the effect of Rosa damascena soft capsules was compared with a placebo. The results indicated no statistically significant difference between the two groups, and insufficient evidence was found to confirm the effectiveness of Rosa damascena under the study conditions. Therefore, further studies with different designs (such as higher doses, longer duration of administration, different formulations, or larger populations) are recommended to more accurately evaluate the effect of Rosa damascena on the reduction of postpartum pain.
Introduction: Blood pressure disorders and gestational diabetes are common problems during pregnancy that threaten the health of mother and fetus. The acidic load of the diet is known to be an effective factor in the occurrence of these complications. The present study was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of diet on blood pressure disorders and gestational diabetes. Methods: In this systematic review, databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, SID and Magiran were searched using the related keywords "Dietary Acid Load", "Acidity", "Alkaline diet", "Gestational Diabetes" and "Hypertensive disorders" in Persian and English language until July 2025. The selection of articles was based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality of the articleswas assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Finally, 5 relevant studies were selected and reviewed with a total volume of 7869 pregnant and non-pregnant women. The data were mainly extracted and calculated from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and acid load indices such as NEAP and PRAL. According to most studies, high dietary acid load is associated with a significant increase in blood pressure disorders and gestational diabetes. Increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables and reducing animal protein can decrease these risks. Conclusion: Despite limited studies, regulating dietary acid load by modifying maternal nutritional patterns is effective in preventing and reducing hypertension and gestational diabetes. Prospective studies and clinical trials are necessary to more accurately confirm this association.
Introduction: Women's health is recognized as a fundamental axis in family and community health. This study was conducted with aim to investigate the common reasons for women's referral to the specialized women's clinics in Ahvaz. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 252 women referring to the specialized women's clinics in Ahvaz. Data were collected by census method from medical records between Oct 2023 and Mar 2024. Demographic information, medical history, and reasons for referral were reviewed in full compliance with ethical standards. Simple random sampling was performed from 1600 records and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 26) and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study, 21 (8.3%) had a history of infertility and 231 (91.6%) reported no history of infertility. Also, 64 (25.4%) reported a history of at least one miscarriage and 41 (16.2%) had irregular menstrual bleeding. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was the most common with 27 cases (10.7%), and then vaginal infections with 17 cases (6.7%) and chronic pelvic pain with 15 cases (5.9%). Moreover, 5 (2.0%) of the women had primary infertility and 11 (4.3%) had secondary infertility. Oncological problems with 3 cases (1.2%) and genital warts with 1 case (0.4%) had the lowest prevalence among the patients. Pregnancy care with 140 cases (55.5%) was the most common reason for women to visit the hospital (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal care was the main focus of referrals, while attention to preventive screenings and management of common problems such as obesity, miscarriage, and polycystic ovary syndrome in the study population needs to be strengthened.
