Taenia hydatigena is a common economically important parasite in Iraq. Its larval stage is called Cysticercus tenuicollis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of host sex, age and breed on the frequency rate of T. hydatigena cysts in sheep. The survey conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 and inspection performed from 19,897 sheep slaughtered at Modern Sulaimani Slaughterhouse of Sulaymaniyah province. C. tenuicollis was found in 4,495 (22.6%) sheep and the highest rate of infection was found in omentum (37%). April recorded the highest rate of infection (26.1%) and there were significant differences between months of year. Ages and sexes had not significant effect on the rate of infection, but significant difference was found in imported sheep including Awassi breed in Syria, Turkey and Iran (23.7%) compared to local one involving Karadi and Hamdani breeds (19.6%). It was concluded that the high frequency of this metacestode infestation might reveal the endemicity of the disease in the study area and this may constitute economic and health problems in the meat industry. It is recommended to the veterinary authority to apply a suitable preventive and control measures to get over this issue.
Anestrus due to inactive ovaries decreases the probability of breeding and pregnancy rates, and increases days open in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to study the effect of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) administered three days before ovum synchronization (OVSYNCH) protocol in anestrous dairy cows. Therefore, one hundred sixty nonpregnant cows were included in the research as a clinical trial study with days in milk 60 +/- 5 days, (BCS 3 +/- 0.25, milk yield 46 +/- 8 kg, parity 3 +/- 1, during the last September to April) with no signs of estrus and suffering from inactive ovary. Transrectal palpations of ovaries were conducted at the time of animal selection, and were repeated 10 days later with an ultrasound probe. The anestrous cows without ovarian corpus luteum (CL), persisted follicle or persisted CL, ovarian cysts and large follicles (>10 mm) on that two examinations were assigned to the study. Selected cows were treated with OVSYNVH (n=40), controlled intra-vaginal device releasing (CIDR) +OVSYNCH (n = 40), eCG + OVCSYNCH (n = 40) or placebo (n=40). Pregnancy examination was carried out on day 331- 3 after the insemination with a transrectal ultrasound probe, and non-pregnant animals were treated repeatedly with the same protocol in their groups. Results showed that the rate of large follicles (>15mm) at AI was significantly more (P<0.05), and the treatment to conception interval was lesser in eCG treated animals (P<0.05). It was concluded that the injection of eCG three days before OVSYNCH protocol decreased treatment to conception intervals and increased proportions of cows with a large follicle at AI in anestrous dairy cows.
This study aimed to detect slime genes and antibiotic/antiseptic-resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates from goats with subclinical mastitis in Hatay, Turkey. Thirty staphylococcal isolates were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analyses for detection of the studied genes. The genes responsible for slime production (icaA and icaD), in addition to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin (aacA-aphD), erythromycin (ermA and ermC), tetracycline (tetK and tetM) penicillin (blaZ) and quarterly ammonium compound (QAC) resistance genes (qacA/qacB and qacC) were analysed by PCR assays. Slime genes predominated in goat mastitis isolates (12/30, 40.0%). The most prevalent resistance gene was blaZ, which was found in 11 (36.6%) isolates. mecA was present in 2 (6.6%) isolates, and qacA/B was found in 1 (3.3%) isolate. The other resistance genes were not detected in any isolates. Twelve of the 30 isolates were negative for the studied genes. In conclusion, the presence of ica genes in 40% of isolates illustrates the slime production ability of staphylococcal isolates in goat mastitis. The presence of these resistance genes in goat mastitis isolates is remarkable and has implications for goat milk and goat milk products for human consumption.
Chlamydia abortus that causes abortion and fetal death in mammals, including goats and sheep, has major economic and general hygiene effects worldwide. This study intended to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia abortus infection and its associated risk factors in goat herds in Khuzestan province, in the southwest of Iran. To that end, 368 goat serum samples were randomly collected from different cities of Khuzestan province (Susangerd 49, lzeh 60, Hendijan 80, Dezful 58, Shoushtar 60 and Ahvaz 61) and were evaluated by ELISA assay. The seroprevalence rate of Chiamydia abortus was found to be 5.71% (95CI; 3.34- 8.08%). Logistic regression showed that the odds of infection between age groups based on year and infection was 0.88 (95CI; 0.64-1.2) (P>0.05). The findings also revealed that the odds of infection in the female goats increased to 1.29 (95CI; 0.17-10.07) (P>0.05) compared to that in males. In comparison to goats without any history of abortion, the odds of infection in goats with a history of abortion was 1.74 (95CI; 0.37-8.04). The relative frequency of infection in the cities of Shoushtar, Izeh, Dezful, Hendijan, Ahvaz and Susangerd were found to be 6.67, 3.33, 5.17, 5, 13.11 and zero percent, respectively (P>0.05). This study confirmed the presence of Chlamydia abortus in the goat herds of Khuzestan province. Accordingly, preventive and controlling measures need to be considered by the health authorities and goat owners so that to reduce the infection's harmful effects.
Chylous ascites is a rare clinical condition, characterized by the accumulation of lymph in the peritoneal cavity with a high concentration of triglycerides. This report describes a case of chylous ascites diagnosed in a 9-month-old female mixed-breed calf with a history of abdominal distension. On admission to the hospital unit, the animal was standing with no signs of abnormal behavior. It exhibited a normal appetite but mild dehydration, and it had a normal respiratory rate, tachycardia, a bulging abdomen on both sides, and soft feces. Serum biochemical analysis revealed hypoalbuminemia. Gamma glutamyltransferase and aspartate aminotransferase serum activity, as well as concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were within normal ranges. An odorless, light yellow milky fluid of viscous consistency and cloudy appearance was obtained via abdominocentesis. Cytology revealed a predominance of small lymphocytes, and biochemical evaluation of the peritoneal fluid revealed concentrations of 3.95 mmol/L triglycerides and 5.67 mmol/L total cholesterol. The intense abdominal distension associated with pulmonary compression resulted in the death of the animal. Anatomical changes in the urinary system, including ureteral ectopia and a large volume of chylous fluid in the abdominal cavity, were found at necropsy. The high concentration of triglycerides in the peritoneal fluid was 13 times higher than the serum concentration and the anatomopathological findings confirmed a diagnosis of chylous ascites of congenital origin.
