The paper presents a numerical discrete element model of granule consolidation taking into account only the elastic interaction force. Calculation of electric and temperature fields was added to the model. Granules are considered as a set of nodes with links in between. Using this model, numerical experiments were carried out, the results of which qualitatively show the process of granular material consolidation.

This study investigated the ejection of microparticle flux (shock-wave dusting) from straight structural joints under strong shock loading from high-power energetic materials (EM). The joints were formed by plates from D16T aluminum alloy and M1 copper, with surface roughness not exceeding 1.6 μm. The process of microparticle injection was registered by synchrotron radiation (SR) pulse radiography from the VEPP-3 collider, which produces steady SR impulses with a duration of 1 ns and a period of 124 ns. A highly sensitive DIMEX detector with an aperture of 40 mm and a spatial resolution of 100 μm was used to record the X-ray shadow. The DIMEX detector is capable of recording an X-ray film of 100 frames. The X-ray shadow recording was performed along the flux of microparticles. To reestimate (calculate) the linear mass of the microparticle flux, the DIMEX detector was calibrated using aluminum and copper foils of different thicknesses. According to the results of measuring the position of the microparticle fluxes, it can be seen that there is a separation into high-density and low-density parts of the flux. The fluxes move at different velocities and as they move, they change their shape (elongate). The linear density distributions of the fluxes are given and their velocities are measured.

The optical scheme of a synchrotron beamline for measuring small-angle X-ray scattering curves with high temporal resolution is developed as a part of constructing the 1–3 Fast Processes beamline of the SKIF 4+ generation synchrotron radiation facility. Such measurements are badly needed nowadays to study the dynamic processes that occur with carbon particles when high-energy materials explode and other technological problems.

As part of development of the experimental beamline 1-3 “Fast Processes” of the 4+ generation synchrotron radiation source, a scheme for measuring time resolved small-angle X-ray scattering was worked out. Measuring time resolved small-angle X-ray scattering is extremely relevant today for studying the evolution of carbon particles during the detonation of energy materials, as well as for a number of other tasks.

The authors have presented results of investigation into the process of combustion of solid specimens consisting of ammonium perchlorate and a binder with boron and aluminum-dodecaboride additives by the method of small-angle x-ray scattering with a high time resolution using high-speed optical photography. An analysis has been made of the particles preserved after the combustion. It has been shown that the procedure of small-angle x-ray scattering permits recording particles of the B and AlB12 additive directly in the combustion wave of the compound.

A discrete element model of granular compaction is presented, in which only the elastic interaction force is taken into account. Granules are considered as a set of nodes that can break or link with each other. The nodes are arranged in an fcc lattice. The model is applied for the numerical assessment of the strength characteristics of a granular material. It is shown that the tensile strength of the material depends on the diameter of granules. The extrusion of the compacted material is numerically simulated.

The paper presents the characteristics of impact diamonds from the Popigai meteorite crater, formed by martensite transformation of graphite-bearing gneisses due to meteorite impacts. These diamonds have a nanopolycrystalline structure and consist of two phases, i.e., cubic (diamond) and hexagonal (lonsdaleite). They are distinguished by phenomenal abrasion resistance, on average twice as high as the abrasion resistance of single-crystalline diamonds. The work considers the possibility of producing similar diamonds by explosion. It is noted that diamonds, which are most similar in structure, are produced through exploding a composition of graphite and hexogen; lonsdaleite is present in the material obtained in this way. However, in any case, diamonds produced by explosion are very small in size, incomparable with natural ones.

Конденсация углерода при детонации энергетических материалов (ЭМ) с отрицательным кислородным балансом является одним из важных процессов, протекающих в зоне химической реакции и волне Тейлора. Детальное изучение этого процесса необходимо для уточнения уравнений состояния и оптимизации детонационных и метательных свойств ЭМ. В работе представлены параметры кинетики конденсации углерода за зоной химической реакции при детонации ЭМ с отрицательным кислородным балансом. Carbon condensation during the detonation of high energy materials (EM) with a negative oxygen balance is one of the important processes occurring in the chemical reaction zone and the Taylor wave. A detailed study of this process is necessary to clarify the equations of state and optimize the detonation and propellant properties of EM. The paper presents the parameters of the kinetics of carbon condensation behind the chemical reaction zone during the detonation of EM with a negative oxygen balance.