The influence of the conditions of solid-phase synthesis, the composition of the powder composition, the time of its mechanical treatment and the molding method on the properties of ceramics based on manganese-substituted barium aluminate has been studied. It is shown that it is effective to synthesize a material of stoichiometric composition BaO·Mn2O3·5Al2O3 with subsequent mechanical treatment of the relevant components for 1 min in the AGO-3 activator, forming by semi-dry static pressing at a pressing pressure of 200 MPa, sintering temperature of 1600°C. In this mode, ceramics with a density of 3.73 g/cm3 and a compressive strength of 680.7 MPa were obtained.

Several grades of aluminum oxide have been studied, their preparation modes and testing methods have been worked out to obtain a binder for non-shrinkable refractories. Using mechanochemical methods, a binder based on prepared aluminum oxide of the TC 6-09-426-75 brand and an additive of zirconium oxychloride was obtained. After heat treatment at 1250°C, the maximum value of the compressive strength of the refractory samples is 120 MPa, the volume shrinkage of the samples is less than 1

MgAl-layered double hydroxides with different molar ratios of cations were synthesized. The compound with ratio of (2:1) has been shown to exhibit better characteristics in thermal stability. The modification of polyurethane by using these hydroxides led to the improvement in composites properties: decrease by 47% in flame retardancy, and increase by 24,8% and 54,1% in tensile strength and Young's modulus, respectively.

Barium aluminate ceramics with iron (III) oxide and lithium hydroxide additives was obtained by solid-phase synthesis. It has been established that high-temperature treatment in an oxidizing environment contributes to the production of vacuum-tight samples that meet the “absolutely impermeable” tightness criterion, while having a density of 3.75 g/cm3, compressive strength of 597.1 MPa, and electrical conductivity ranging from 1.50·10 – 7 to 1.05 × 10–4 S/cm (at 90 – 300°C).

The dependence of mechanical characteristics (hardness and tensile strength) of polyurethane on the content of MgFeGa layered triple hydroxide additive and the electron beam irradiation dose is investigated. The optimal amount of layered hydroxides and the optimal irradiation dose, causing a substantial increase in tensile strength and hardness of polyurethane, are determined. Polyurethane modification by adding magnesium/iron/gallium layered triple hydroxides in the amount of 3 wt% causes an increase in tensile strength and hardness by 30.0 and 5.4%, respectively. Modification of pure polyurethane by irradiation with the optimal dose (100 kGy) promotes an increase in tensile strength by 27.1% and hardness by 4.6%.

Weakly conductive barium aluminate ceramics are synthesized and investigated. Firing in an oxidizing medium yields single-phase ceramics with a maximum compressive strength of 678.5 MPa and a density of 3.78 g/cm3. It is shown that conductive additives embedded into the composition raise the electrical conductivity of the ceramics to 1.05 × 10−4 S/cm (at 300°C).

В настоящей работе исследовано влияние радиационно-химической модификации энергоемких соединений с различными дозами ионизирующего излучения на характеристики термораспада, морфологию поверхности кристаллов и горения высокоэнергетических конденсированных систем (ВКС) на их основе. Объектами исследования являлись поли-N-аллилметил-5-винилтетразол (МПВТ-А), гексанитрогексаазаизовюрцитан (HNIW), октоген (НМХ) и ВКС на их основе. Образцы облучались потоком электронов на ускорителях У-12 и ИЛУ-6 (энергия электронов 2,4–3,1 МэВ; импульсный ток 100-328 мА; частота импульсов 2,5–200 Гц) дозами от 20 до 120 кГр.

Исследована зависимость механических свойств полиуретана (твердость и прочность) от содержания введенных частиц слоистого тройного гидроксида MgFeGa и дозы облучения электронным пучком. Найдено оптимальное количество слоистых гидроксидов и оптимальная доза облучения, значительно повышающие прочность при растяжении и твердость полиуретана. Модификация полиуретана путем добавления слоистых тройных гидроксидов магний/железо/галлий в количестве 3 мас. % приводит к повышению прочности при растяжении и твердости на 30.0 и 5.4 % соответственно. Модификация чистого полиуретана облучением при оптимальной дозе (100 кГр) способствует увеличению прочности при растяжении на 27.1 % и твердости на 4.6 %. The dependence of mechanical characteristics (hardness and tensile strength) of polyurethane on the content of MgFeGa layered triple hydroxide additive and the electron beam irradiation dose is investigated. The optimal amount of layered hydroxides and the optimal irradiation dose, causing a substantial increase in tensile strength and hardness of polyurethane, are determined. Polyurethane modification by adding magnesium/iron/gallium layered triple hydroxides in the amount of 3 wt% causes an increase in tensile strength and hardness by 30.0 and 5.4%, respectively. Modification of pure polyurethane by irradiation with the optimal dose (100 kGy) promotes an increase in tensile strength by 27.1% and hardness by 4.6%.

The Center for Collective Use “Siberian Center for Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation” provides users from various organizations with the opportunity to use modern analytical techniques using synchrotron radiation beams for a wide range of research work. At present, the general direction of the development of new techniques is focused on the development of new original approaches to the use of synchrotron radiation.

A study is performed of the effect additives containing chromium, zirconium, silicocalcium, and carbon nanotubes have on the physical and mechanical properties of copper obtained by casting. The tensile strength increased to 10.5%, and Young’s modulus increased by 11.6–106.2%. The resistance to heat of samples modified with SiCa and Cu-Zr is enhanced by 1.9 and 1.5 times, respectively, while modifying samples with nanotubes reduces their resistance to heat by 1.2–1.8 times.

Using the method of small-angle scattering of synchrotron radiation the thermal transformations of ε-form a hexaaminonitrowurtzitane crystals subjected to electron beam processing are studied. It is shown that the destruction of crystals treated with an electron beam begins significantly below the polymorphic transition point. An assumption was made about the effect of radiolysis products on the process of crystal destruction. A mechanism for the destruction of crystals is proposed.

The optical scheme of a synchrotron beamline for measuring small-angle X-ray scattering curves with high temporal resolution is developed as a part of constructing the 1–3 Fast Processes beamline of the SKIF 4+ generation synchrotron radiation facility. Such measurements are badly needed nowadays to study the dynamic processes that occur with carbon particles when high-energy materials explode and other technological problems.

Ceramics based on barium aluminate with additives of iron (III) oxide and lithium hydroxide were obtained by solid-phase synthesis. It has been established that high-temperature treatment in an oxidizing medium contributes to the production of vacuum-dense samples that meet the «absolutely impermeable» tightness criterion, with a density of 3,75 g/cm3 , with a compressive strength limit of 597,1 MPa and a specific electrical conductivity in the range of 1,50·10‒7‒1,05·10‒4 Cm/ cm (at 90‒300 °C).

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106287382301001X

Small-angle scattering of synchrotron radiation is used to study thermal transformations of ε-form hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane crystals subjected to electron beam processing. It is shown the destruction of crystals treated with an electron beam begins far below the point of the polymorphic transition. A conclusion is drawn about the effect products of radiolysis have on the destruction of the crystals. A mechanism of crystal destruction is proposed.

As part of development of the experimental beamline 1-3 “Fast Processes” of the 4+ generation synchrotron radiation source, a scheme for measuring time resolved small-angle X-ray scattering was worked out. Measuring time resolved small-angle X-ray scattering is extremely relevant today for studying the evolution of carbon particles during the detonation of energy materials, as well as for a number of other tasks.