This study aims to achieve multiple goals. Firstly, it focuses on developing a classification model for community—based support services. Secondly, it delves into the characteristics of families that make extensive use of community-based support services. Additionally, it investigates the mediating role of receiving disaster preparedness information and service using in the disaster impact-preparedness relationship. The data utilized in this study were sourced from the 2023 US National Household Survey. To validate our hypotheses, we employed a combination of analytical methods, including Latent Profile Analysis, multiple linear regressions, and multiple mediation analysis. Respondents aged 18–39, male, degree-educated, non-disabled, not living with elderly or dependents, with children in the household, earning over 75,000 pre-tax income, receiving disaster preparedness information, and having prior disaster experience are more likely to belong to the group with high utilization of community-based support services. Disaster impact strongly correlates with increased disaster emergency preparedness (B = 1.012; 95

BACKGROUND:Numerous factors from the family environment, school contexts, and individual characteristics have been shown to be associated with adolescent social anxiety, but the relative importance of these factors is rather unclear. This study aimed to quantify the importance of these factors using machine learning techniques and identify key predictors. METHODS:Participants were 27,373 adolescents aged 10-18 years from a county in northern China. A total of 24 candidate variables were selected into three machine learning models (Random Forest [RF], Extreme Gradient Boosting [XGBoost], and Light Gradient Boosting Machine [LightGBM]). SHapley Additive exPlanations values were used to evaluate the relative importance of each predictor and to identify key features. Subgroup analyses were performed for gender, residence, number of siblings, and family economic status. RESULTS:The RF, XGBoost and LightGBM models identified 12, 13, and 12 key features, respectively. Eleven key features were selected from an integrative perspective, and nine were retained after considering subgroup analyses. These included verbal bullying victimization, self-esteem, school support, anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, social bullying victimization, age, sleep duration and resilience. CONCLUSION:Social anxiety symptoms among adolescents are associated with a range of factors across family, school, and individual domains. School contexts and individual characteristics show relatively higher importance for adolescent social anxiety, whereas family-related factors contribute less to it.

This study investigated the independent and interactive effects of dietary behaviors and physical activity on poor sleep quality among 15,059 Chinese adolescents. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), dietary habits, and physical activity. Logistic regression and interaction analysis were performed to examine associations, adjusting for covariates. The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI score ≥ 7) was 9.72%. Seven healthy dietary behaviors were identified as protective (e.g., regular diet, abstaining from alcohol; ORs=0.49-0.56). While physical activity showed no independent association, limiting screen-based sedentary screen time(≤2h/day) reduced poor sleep odds by 31% (OR = 0.69). Two significant interactions emerged: abstaining from alcohol combined with limiting sugary beverages synergistically reduced the odds of poor sleep quality by 42% (OR = 0.58), whereas the combination of healthy dining out and high physical activity was associated with a 181% increased odds of poor sleep quality (OR = 2.81). While healthy dietary patterns are strongly associated with better sleep quality, the interplay between behaviors is complex, demonstrating both synergistic protective association and antagonistic outcomes. Findings highlight the need for integrated lifestyle interventions that account for behavioral interactions in promoting adolescent sleep quality.

Background:Mental health is a global health concern, particularly the burden among women of childbearing age (WCBA). We aimed to investigate the patterns and trends of the top two common mental disorders among WCBA from 1990 to 2021. Methods:Data were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The temporal trends were examined using joinpoint regression analysis. We utilized local regression smoothing models to fit the curves for correlations between age-standardized rates (ASRs) and sociodemographic index (SDI) and Spearman correlation analysis to examine the correlations with health-related indexes. Findings:The top two common mental disorders were depressive and anxiety disorders. The ASRs worldwide fluctuated and increased from 1990 to 2021. Annual percentage changes of ASRs of depressive disorders indicated increasing trends in high SDI regions, while those of anxiety disorders increased in regions with middle SDI, low-middle SDI, and low SDI. The 45-49 age group showed the highest global prevalence rate for depressive disorders in 2021. Joinpoint analysis revealed upward trends in depressive disorders' ASRs, with the most notable increase during the 2019-2021 period, consistent with anxiety disorders. The associations between ASRs and SDI exhibited different patterns. The incidence of depressive and anxiety disorders showed significant correlations with various health-related indexes. Conclusions:The global burdens of depressive and anxiety disorders among WCBA showed rising trends, and patterns differed in age and time period, underscoring the urgent need for targeted prevention and healthcare strategies to mitigate the burden among WCBA worldwide.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between bullying victimization and multiple psychological symptoms among Chinese adolescents and to evaluate the moderating role of psychological resilience in this relationship. Using large-scale regional data from a county in northeastern China (N = 22,264), we identified bullying victimization subtypes through latent class analysis (LCA), quantified comorbidity risks via multinomial logistic regression, and examined the moderating effects of resilience across subgroups. Three victimization profiles emerged: non-victimized (80.9

OBJECTIVE:The prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the floating population is increasing with the acceleration of the aging society. However, factors such as the characteristics of mobility, and the problem of medical insurance reimbursement in different places lead to underutilization of health service and poor health. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of medical insurance on health service utilization of floating chronic disease patients and the moderating role of health risk perception from the perspective of behavioral economics, such work could shed light on the realization of "Healthy China" strategy and "the Medium- and Long-term Planning for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases". METHODS:We selected the data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in 2017. A total of 5 640 migrants with chronic diseases were selected. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the basic characteristics of the sample, and binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the different types of medical insurance participation rate and the utilization of medical services, and the moderating role of health risk perception in this relationship. RESULTS:The participation rate of medical insurance was 21.9%. There was still 12.5% migrants with chronic diseases who did not utilize health services when they felt unwell. Only having medical insurance in inflowing area could increase the utilization of health services among migrants with chronic diseases. Health risk perception significantly positively moderated the association of medical insurance for urban employee or public medical insurance with health service utilization among migrants with chronic diseases. CONCLUSION:The medical insurance and health risk perception can promote the utilization of health services among migrants with chronic diseases. The government should break the barrier of the medical insurance system, improve the level of medical insurance, and strengthen the propaganda and education of chronic diseases prevention and treatment, so as to improve the level of health risk perception of migrants with chronic diseases. In addition, it is necessary to rationally allocate health service supplies and focus more on trans-provincial floating male patients with chronic diseases, who have low health risk perception and limited access to medical services, to improve health service utilization.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to explore the association between health risk behaviors (HRBs) and multiple psychological symptoms, including depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and sleep problems, among Chinese adolescents, and to analyze the moderating role of mental health literacy (MHL) in the aforementioned relationship. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted online from October 12 to November 5, 2023. Questionnaires were distributed and retrieved via a web-based platform, with 22,264 subjects included in the final analysis. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify clustered HRBs pattern, and multivariate logistic regression was applied to investigate the relationships among HRBs pattern, quantity, and multiple psychological symptoms. RESULTS:Adolescents in the high-risk and irregular lifestyle groups were more likely to suffer from a range of psychological symptoms compared to those in the low-risk HRBs group. Specifically, the odds ratio (OR) for the high-risk group was 6.15 (95 % CI = [4.664, 8.118]) for all three psychological symptoms, 4.08 (95 % CI = [3.248, 5.132]) for any two symptoms, and 2.87 (95 % CI = [2.418, 3.409]) for any one symptom. The irregular lifestyle group displayed a similar trend. Moreover, an increase in the number of HRBs was associated with a higher probability of exhibiting all levels of psychological symptoms. MHL significantly mitigated the relationship between HRBs and multiple psychological symptoms, especially by enhancing help-seeking behavior and reducing stigma associated with mental health issues. CONCLUSIONS:The findings suggested that interventions aimed at reducing HRBs and improving MHL can contribute to the mental health development in adolescents.

Poor pulmonary function (PF) has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders. However, the association of PF with motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) which is a prodromal stage of dementia remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the PF-MCR association in older adults. In the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), the PF was quantified with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and a composite PF (CPF) indicator. MCR was defined as the presence of subjective memory complaints and slow gait speed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to examine PF-MCR associations. Among 3564 MCR-free participants at baseline, 421 developed an incident MCR over a median follow-up time of 10 (interquartile range [IQR], 4-14) years. In the multivariable analyses, compared with individuals with low CPF (tertile 1, reference), those with medium (tertile 2, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.79, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.61 to 1.01, P = 0.061) and high levels (tertile 3, HR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.47 to 0.89, P = 0.008) had decreased risks of incident MCR. Similar results were found when analyzing CPF in a continuous form (HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.85, P < 0.001). We also found significantly inverse associations of FVC, FEV1, and PEF with MCR risk. Our findings indicated that high PF is associated with decreased MCR risks. Early monitoring of PF and interventions for PF maintenance may assist in the prevention of MCR.

This study aims to conduct network analysis to identify the network structures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and personal growth initiative (PGI) in Chinese trauma-exposed children and adolescents. This study used data from 4,515 Chinese children and adolescents to investigate this relationship using undirected network analyses in combination with the Bayesian directed acyclic graph (DAG). The results indicate that IU has robust relationships with the specific symptoms 'exaggerated startle response', 'irritability/anger', and 'exaggerated startle response'. PGI shows strong relationships with the particular symptoms of 'difficulty concentrating', 'negative beliefs', and IU. The results of DAG show that key PTSD symptoms play a role in activating IU and PGI. These findings provide valuable insights into the association between PTSD symptoms, IU, and PGI, and offer significant guidance for developing intervention and treatment strategies for adolescents who have experienced trauma.

INTRODUCTION:The COVID-19 vaccination coverage rate is notably high among the Chinese population; however, as China eased its zero-COVID policy in November 2022, the pandemic outbreak has imposed a substantial burden on Chinese society. This study aims to analyze real-world vaccination effectiveness and waning effects among community-based COVID-19 infection-naive individuals in China and among different sub-groups. METHODS:An online questionnaire survey was conducted in Beijing, China, from January 13th to February 9th, 2023 and a total of 45,344 eligible respondents were included in the analysis. Vaccination and infection status among different groups classified by age (under 18, 18-59, and over 60) and health conditions (having underlying disease, allergy, cancer, immune deficiency or organ transplant) were analyzed. Propensity score matching and ordered logistic regression were used to examine the effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccine types, vaccination strategies and the waning effects. RESULTS:The infection rate was 82.42 % among sampled population. The vaccination rate was 94.70 %, with 23.73 % of them completed primacy vaccination series, 68.54 % completed homogenous booster vaccination and 2.43 % completed heterogenous booster vaccination; however, the high-risk population had a lower vaccination coverage. Results showed that real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) of homogenous and heterogenous booster vaccination against infection were 11 % and 23 %, respectively, and the elderly benefited the most. Adolescents had a lower booster vaccination coverage and no significant VE was identified. No significant differences were observed among different vaccine types, and waning effects were identified in the booster vaccination group 12 months post-vaccination. CONCLUSIONS:Low vaccination coverage among high-risk and vulnerable may lead to a huge disease and societal burden, thus improving vaccine coverage of these groups should be prioritized. In addition, due to waning immunity, regular booster vaccination should be scheduled within 12 months.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of physical multimorbidity on the trajectory of cognitive decline over 17 years and whether vary across wealth status. The study was conducted in 9035 respondents aged 50+ at baseline from nine waves (2002-2019) of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. A latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of physical multimorbidity, and mixed multilevel models were performed to determine the association between physical multimorbidity and trajectories of cognitive decline. Joint analyses were conducted to further verify the influence of wealth status. Four patterns of physical multimorbidity were identified. Mixed multilevel models with quadratic terms of time and status/patterns indicated significant non-linear trajectories of multimorbidity on cognitive function. The magnitude of the association between complex multisystem patterns and cognitive decline increased the most as follow-up progressed. Individuals with high wealth and hypertension/diabetes patterns have significantly lower composite global cognitive z scores over time as compared with respiratory/osteoporosis patterns. Physical multimorbidity at baseline is associated with the trajectory of cognitive decline, and the magnitude of the association increased over time. The trend of cognitive decline differed in specific combinations of wealth status and physical multimorbidity.

INTRODUCTION:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely associated with excess adiposity, particularly visceral fat. The body roundness index (BRI), calculated from height and waist circumference, provides a refined estimate of visceral adiposity. This study aimed to investigate the associations of baseline BRI and longitudinal changes in BRI with the risk of incident T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We used UK Biobank data, a cohort involving adults aged 37-73 years. Both baseline and last follow-up BRI values were classified according to the tertiles of baseline BRI, and long-term BRI changes were categorized by baseline and follow-up grades. The annual average rate of change (AARC) of BRI was also calculated. Cox regression models were employed to evaluate HRs and 95% CIs, while restricted cubic splines explored non-linear relationships. RESULTS:Among 485 509 participants, 32 956 developed T2D during the follow-up period. Elevated baseline BRI was correlated with a greater risk of T2D, with adjusted HRs of 2.39 (95% CI: 2.28 to 2.51) and 6.23 (95% CI: 5.96 to 6.50) for the second and third tertiles of BRI, respectively. In the longitudinal analysis of 65 684 participants (1153 T2D cases), low baseline BRI with grade increase was linked to higher risk of T2D (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.13). Among participants with middle baseline BRI, grade decrease and increase showed HRs of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.93) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.32 to 2.10) versus stable middle. Grade decrease with high baseline BRI was associated with lower T2D risk (HR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.62) compared with stable high. Non-linear associations between AARC of BRI and T2D risk were identified (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS:This study shows that both baseline BRI and long-term BRI changes are linked to T2D risk, emphasizing the significance of monitoring BRI trends for T2D prevention and control.

INTRODUCTION:Previous evidence lacked a thorough review of the disparities of autoimmune diseases (AD) burdens among countries and regions, which led to an insufficient basis for developing country-specific developmental level relevant preventive measures. This study aimed to analyse disparities and trends of global, regional and national burden of common ADs in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2019 and to investigate the associations between specific ADs and varied country indexes. METHODS:All data for four major ADs were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. Age period-cohort modelling was conducted to disentangle age, period and birth cohort effects on AD incidence from 1990 to 2019. Local regression smoothing models were used to fit the correlation between AD burdens and sociodemographic index (SDI). Pearson's correlation was used to investigate varied country-level risk factors for disease burden. RESULTS:A global increase in four common ADs incidence was observed from 1.57 million to 1.63 million between 1990 and 2019 in the 0-24 age group. The age-standardised incidence rate of overall four ADs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest incidence in high SDI regions. The age, period and cohort distributions of AD incidence varied significantly, especially in high SDI countries. Relative to the expected level of age-standardised incidence associated with SDI, the distribution varied by regions depending on the specific ADs. Countries with higher levels of socioeconomic development, better quality of life and easier access to healthcare and the healthcare system showed lower disease burdens of ADs. CONCLUSIONS:The incidence patterns and disease burdens of ADs varied considerably according to age, time period and generational cohort, across the world between 1990 and 2019. Incidences of ADs in children and adolescents were significantly correlated with indexes involving risks of the environment, human rights and health safety and quality of life.

There is a lack of research exploring the possible patterns of social problem perception across major public concerned issues and their mental health impacts. We aimed to identify the latent patterns of social problem perception and examine the dynamic associations between the patterns and depressive symptoms. Two waves of data (2018 and 2020) from the China Family Panel Studies were used in this study, including 15 414 Chinese adults. Latent profile and latent transition analysis were employed to identify social problem perception patterns and their changes over time. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine concerned relationships. Three latent profiles were identified for social problem perceptions in both 2018 and 2020 waves (high, middle and low). The low profile presented a tendency for stability rather than change, meanwhile the middle and high profiles had a high probability of remaining stable after two years. Higher and upward transition of social problem perception pattern were associated with short-term and long-term depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that social problem perception patterns dynamically impact mental health. Tailored strategies should be introduced to mitigate people's perception severity of socially concerned problems.

Background: Addressing high-salt diets in China through interventions can significantly reduce blood pressure (BP) and the associated health risks. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive salt reduction intervention implemented across counties in Zhejiang Province, focusing on system establishment, extensive publicity, and targeted population interventions. Methods: The Salt Reduction and Hypertension Prevention Project was initiated in Zhejiang Province. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted before the intervention and after. The research commenced in 2017 with a baseline survey involving 7512 participants from five counties. Four counties were randomly selected for the intervention, implementing a multifaceted salt reduction strategy, while one county served as a reference without any intervention. The primary outcomes measured were changes in BP and 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretion. Results: Following the intervention, 24 h urinary potassium excretion experienced a significant increase, rising from 1441.3 (SD 681.9) to 1676.9 (SD 931.4) mg per day, p < 0.001. Utilizing a linear mixed-effects model, the adjusted net difference in urinary sodium changes was calculated to be 394.1 mg per day (95% CI, 133.2 to 655.0) (p = 0.003). There was a notable reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 131.2 (SD 19.2) to 129.8 mmHg (SD 18.0), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) also decreased from 80.8 (SD 10.8) to 78.9 mmHg (SD 10.2), p < 0.001. The adjusted net differences for SBP and DBP between the intervention and reference groups were 1.3 (95%CI, 0.5 to 2.1) and 1.4 mmHg (95%CI, 0.9 to 2.0), respectively, p < 0.001. Conclusions: The findings indicate that a multi-sectoral approach, combined with extensive public awareness initiatives and precisely targeted interventions, can significantly increase urinary potassium excretion and reduce sodium and blood pressure.

BACKGROUND:Depressive symptoms and multiple chronic diseases (MCDs) significantly contribute to the global disease burden among middle-aged and older adults, while few studies have considered the long-term dynamics of depressive symptoms or employed machine learning (ML) models to predict the risk of MCDs. We aimed to identify the similarities and differences risk factors of MCDs based on depressive symptom trajectories among Chinese adults aged 45 and older. METHODS:This cohort study utilized 10-year of national data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), with baseline in 2011 and follow-ups in 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020. Latent class growth modeling (LCGM) and growth mixture modeling (GMM) were employed to identify the long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms. ML algorithms were employed to develop predictive models for MCDs based on these trajectories. Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). We also employed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to rank the importance of risk factors and provide both global and local explanation. Finally, we developed a web application to input feature values and obtain predicted probabilities of MCDs. RESULTS:A total of 2552 individuals were analyzed. Four distinct trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified: Stable low symptoms (75.12 %), Persistent high symptoms (6.62 %), New-onset increasing symptoms (12.15 %), and Remitting symptoms (6.11 %). The Random Forest (RF) model performed best for the "Persistent high symptoms" trajectory (AUC-ROC: 0.834 [95 % CI 0.801 to 0.862]), the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model for the "New-onset increasing symptoms" trajectory (AUC-ROC: 0.838 [95 % CI 0.809 to 0.864]), and the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) model for the "Remitting symptoms" trajectory (AUC-ROC: 0.805 [95 % CI 0.771 to 0.838]). Frequently observed risk factors were waist circumference, self-reported health, sleep duration, depressive symptom score, and age. Trajectory-specific risk factors included BMI, grip strength, and nap duration. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. The web application is available at: https://chronic-disease-prediction.streamlit.app/. LIMITATIONS:Depressive symptoms and chronic diseases were based on self-reported data without clinical diagnosis, and findings may not be generalizable beyond the Chinese context. CONCLUSIONS:This study provides a scientific foundation for personalized interventions and MCDs prevention among middle-aged and older adults. By identifying both frequently observed and trajectory-specific risk factors, our findings suggest that clinicians could more effectively stratify patients according to their depressive symptom trajectories. For example, individuals with persistent high symptoms may particularly benefit from intensified monitoring of waist circumference, age, and self-reported health, while those with remitting symptoms may require targeted attention to nap duration.

BACKGROUND:Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk to developing psychiatric disorders (PDs). However, the age of onset patterns for IBD-related PDs and the role of post-IBD lifestyle on the risk of subsequent PDs remain unclear. METHODS:394,851 PD-free participants at baseline from the UK Biobank were included, of which 4408 individuals had a history of IBD (2851 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 1200 Crohn's disease [CD]). A combined lifestyle score was constructed and classified into three categories. Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the associations of age of IBD onset and lifestyle categories with PDs risk. RESULTS:Over a median follow-up of 13.6 years, 56,392 participants were diagnosed with PDs. Participants with IBD had a higher risk of psychiatric morbidity [IBD: hazard ratio (HR):1.20, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.29; UC: HR: 1.21, 95 % CI: 1.11-1.33; CD: HR: 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.31] compared to non-IBD participants. The risk of PDs increased with advancing age of IBD onset [≤40 years, HR: 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.05-1.29; 40-50 years, HR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.39; >50 years, HR: 1.26, 95 % CI: 1.11-1.42]. Subgroup analysis showed that IBD patients receiving medications did not exhibit an elevated risk of PDs, irrespective of age of onset. Additionally, adherence to a favorable lifestyle significantly reduced the risk of PDs among IBD patients (HR: 0.53, 95 % CI: 0.42-0.67). CONCLUSION:Individuals with later-onset IBD are more vulnerable to develop any PDs than younger, but adherence to a favorable post-IBD lifestyle and medications may protect against PDs.

Hearing or vision loss at a single time point was associated with depression. However, little is known about how cumulative hearing and vision loss contributes to the depression risk. We aimed to examine associations of cumulative hearing loss (CHL), vision loss (CVL), dual sensory loss (CDSL), and any sensory loss (CASL) with the subsequent trajectories of depressive symptoms and risks of incident depression among US adults aged ≥ 50. A subpopulation was extracted from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative cohort study. The final sample included 7,545 adults aged 50 and older. Burdens of CHL, CVL, CDSL, and CASL were assessed spanning eight years (1998–2006) across five Waves (Waves 4–8) and were categorized into 0, 1, 2, and ≥ 3 time points. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) during a ten-year follow-up from Wave 9 (2008) to Wave 15 (2020). Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to estimate associations between CVL and changes in depressive symptoms over time (CES-D scores), incorporating CVL × time interactions to assess differential rates of change. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95

Background: Many countries worldwide implemented school closures to reduce COVID‐19 transmission. By the new ‘homeschooling’ process, children could continue the regular school curriculum. However, parents still conduct more basic education and supervision, which may increase parental stress. Objective: The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between homeschooling and psychological distress among parents, to assess the interactive effects of homeschooling experience and pandemic‐related anxieties on the mental health of Chinese parents and to explore gender differences in these interaction effects. Method: The study employed a cross‐sectional design, surveying 746 Chinese parents with children aged 10–18 years old during the COVID‐19 lockdown. Parental mental health was assessed using the DASS‐21, while homeschooling and pandemic‐related worries were measured through a 9‐item questionnaire from the Co‐SPACE project. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, focusing on the interaction effects between homeschooling dimensions and parental worries on mental health. Interaction effects were defined as the combined influence of homeschooling practices and pandemic concerns on parental mental health, revealing the complex interplay between these factors during the pandemic. Results: We found a higher level of job‐related worries was associated with worse parental mental health ( β = 3.593, p < 0.001). Additionally, the learning process was significantly positively correlated with parental mental health (acceptance of parental homework support, β = 1.748, p = 0.003 and children’s completion of the studying task, β = 1.337, p = 0.018). Job‐related worries significantly moderated the relationship between homeschooling and parental mental health ( β = 2.215, p = 0.026). Regarding gender differences, the interaction effects of job‐related worries on the relationship between homeschooling and parental psychological symptoms were only significant among mothers ( β = 2.579, p = 0.020). Conclusion: Homeschooling is significantly associated with Chinese parents’ psychological symptoms. Parental job‐related worries are found to moderate the association between homeschooling and parental psychological symptoms. School intervention programs should concern more about children’s negative homeschooling learning status.