Thermoprotective coatings with enhanced deformation characteristics were created on the basis of polyetherurethane rubber with terminal epoxyurethane groups and epoxy oligomers, as well as on the basis of epoxyurethane oligomer and amino-functional organosilicon oligomer for use in a wide temperature range. Explored the laws of curing of coatings and determined their mechanical characteristics at various temperatures.

The behavior of organosilicon surfactants of different structure in model systems—Langmuir films—at the water/air interface is studied. It is shown that, under the compression of Langmuir films, the conformational states of surfactants of different structure are different. The obtained data make it possible to explain a high stability of polymer suspensions synthesized in the presence of organosilicon surfactants.

4-(Dimethylvinylsilyl)benzoic acid is obtained by organolithium synthesis. Polydimethylsiloxanes containing silicon hydride groups are modified by introducing benzoic acid fragments via the hydrosilylation reaction. The thermal and rheological properties of the copolymers formed are studied. It is found that a rise in the content of benzoic acid results in a shift in the glass-transition temperature to a higher temperature region and the copolymers do not crystallize. Benzoic acid fragments improve the intermolecular interaction of polydimethylsiloxane chains more strongly than the ones of undecenoic acid.

Telehelic oligodimethylsiloxanes containing 4-carboxypyrrolidone fragments were synthesized by the reactions of oligodimethylsiloxanes bearing terminal 3-aminopropyl groups with itaconic acid. The thermal and rheological properties of the obtained polymers were studied. The activation energies of viscous flow of the oligomers obtained and the previously synthesized oligodimethylsiloxanes containing terminal fragments of undecenoic or benzoic acid are compared.

Polydimethyl-co-methyl(3-aminopropyl)siloxanes differing in the content of amino groups and molecular weight were synthesized by two pathways, namely, by hydrosilylation of oligodimethyl-co-methylhydrоsiloxane with N-(trimethylsilyl)allylamine (TMSAA) and by copolymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane with methyl(3-aminopropyl)cyclosiloxanes. The colloid-chemical properties of the synthesized oligomers were studied. The oligosiloxanes possess high surface activity and can reduce the interfacial tension in the interface surfactant solution in toluene–water to 6.7–4.2 mJ m2. Aggregatively stable polystyrene suspensions with particle of 0.5 and 0.8 μm in diameter were obtained in the presence of the synthesized oligomers.

A number of polydimethylsiloxanes modified with fragments of undecenoic acid and its esters were synthesized. The structures of polymers were confirmed by 1H and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The rheological properties of obtained polymers were studied, as well as their thermal properties were studied by DSC.

The influence of the mass ratio of silicone and cationic surface-active substances of different nature on the colloid chemical properties and stability of artificial latexes of butyl rubber and styrene diene thermoplastic elastomer is shown.

The dependence of rheological properties (viscosity and dynamic moduli G′ and G″) and time for formation of a physical network for polydimethylsiloxanes bearing ester and amide groups in aliphatic substituents at silicon atoms on the concentration of modifying units, the heating temperature, and the time of curing at elevated temperatures is studied.

To improve the performance characteristics of products made of highly-filled polymer compositions, modification of a compound based on epoxy-urethane oligomer was performed. The SH 198 amino functional organosilicon oligomer was used as a modifier. The performed studies established that an organosilicon modifier increases the gel time and the curing time of the composition based on epoxy-urethane oligomer, shows the plasticizing effect on a compound, decreases its glass transition temperature from 16.5 to 9°C, and increases the deformation in the temperature range of from–40 to +50°C.

Изучено влияние условий синтеза – соотношения фаз и концентраций компонентов – на закономерности полимеризации стирола в присутствии не растворимого в воде кремнийорганического ПАВ – α,ω-бис-(10-карбоксидецил)полидиметилсилоксана и его смеси с неионным ПАВ – плюроником F-68.

The review presents schemes for obtaining homologous series of the linear α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxanes with the silicone chain length from 6 to 60 siloxane units containing carboxydecyl, aminopropyl and glycidoxypropyl groups at the chain ends allowing to obtain organosilicon surfactants with reproducible structure and properties. Data on the surfactant colloidchemical properties and kinetic regularities of styrene polymerization in their presence are provided. Systematic research of heterophase styrene polymerization kinetic regularities in the presence of water-insoluble α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxane allowed to formulate the fundamental differences of polymerization kinetic regularities from those observed in the presence of water-soluble surfactants. The mechanism of interfacial adsorption layers formation with water-insoluble α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxanes on the surface of monomer drops and polymer-monomeric particles was considered. This mechanism consists in the forced surfactant replacement by the formed polymer (because of their incompatibility) to the interfacial adsorption layer and in the formation of the surfactant supermolecular structures. The latter in total with the polymer provide its high durability.

The effect of synthesis conditions, such as the phase and concentration ratios of components, on the mechanism of styrene polymerization in the presence of the water-insoluble organosilicon surfactant α,ω-bis(10-carboxydecyl)polydimethylsiloxane and its mixture with the nonionic surfactant Pluronic F-68 is studied.

The influence of weight ratio of organosilicon and cationic surfactants of different nature on the colloid-chemical properties and the stability of the artificial latexes of butyl rubber and diene-styrene thermoplastic elastomer was investigated in this work.

The review presents schemes for obtaining homologous series of the linear α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxanes with the silicone chain length from 6 to 60 siloxane units containing carboxydecyl, aminopropyl and glycidoxypropyl groups at the chain ends allowing to obtain organosilicon surfactants with reproducible structure and properties. Data on the surfactant colloidchemical properties and kinetic regularities of styrene polymerization in their presence are provided. Systematic research of heterophase styrene polymerization kinetic regularities in the presence of water-insoluble α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxane allowed to formulate the fundamental differences of polymerization kinetic regularities from those observed in the presence of water-soluble surfactants. The mechanism of interfacial adsorption layers formation with water-insoluble α,ω-carbofunctional oligodimethylsiloxanes on the surface of monomer drops and polymer-monomeric particles was considered. This mechanism consists in the forced surfactant replacement by the formed polymer (because of their incompatibility) to the interfacial adsorption layer and in the formation of the surfactant supermolecular structures. The latter in total with the polymer provide its high durability.

Water-insoluble polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) with functional organic substituents at the silicon atom are promising surface-active substances for the synthesis of monodisperse polymeric microspheres. In this regard a number of PDMS oligomers bearing different functional chain ends (amino, carboxylic and epoxy groups) were synthesized by conventional approaches. Solubility of PDMS in both the monomers (styrene (St) or methyl methacrylate (MMA)) and water as well as their surface-active properties at the water-toluene interface were investigated. Heterophase polymerization of St and MMA was carried out in the presence of functional PMDS and the resulting suspensions of polymeric microspheres were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that the polymeric suspensions obtained have a very narrow particle size distribution and high stability in electrolyte solutions. The mechanism of the interfacial layer formation which explains the observed results is proposed.