Изучено влияние условий синтеза – соотношения фаз и концентраций компонентов – на закономерности полимеризации стирола в присутствии не растворимого в воде кремнийорганического ПАВ – α,ω-бис-(10-карбоксидецил)полидиметилсилоксана и его смеси с неионным ПАВ – плюроником F-68.

The effect of synthesis conditions, such as the phase and concentration ratios of components, on the mechanism of styrene polymerization in the presence of the water-insoluble organosilicon surfactant α,ω-bis(10-carboxydecyl)polydimethylsiloxane and its mixture with the nonionic surfactant Pluronic F-68 is studied.

The kinetics of methyl methacrylate polymerization in the presence of α,ω-functional polydimethylsiloxanes is investigated. The formation of polymer suspensions with a narrow particle-size distribution is explained by the ability of the surfactants to form strong adsorption layers in the interfacial layers of polymer–monomer particles. This assumption is confirmed by data obtained via the Langmuir method with the use of model systems: thin films of the mentioned organosilicon compounds.

Serological tests based on an agglutination reaction are commonly applied in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of various infectious diseases. There is a wide selection of microsphere-based diagnostic agglutination tests (yes/no results) and assays (quantitative results) worldwide. However, due to rapidity and no need for special equipment passive hemagglutination tests are still the most frequently used routine tests in Russia. These hemagglutination tests are run in 96-well microplates with V-shaped bottoms. The substitution of red blood cells for polymer microspheres in such semi-quantitative tests is difficult due to a number of reasons. When choosing the appropriate microspheres for rapid passive latex agglutination tests, it is important to consider such variables as their size (and size distribution), density and colloidal stability. In our study we showed the development of rapid (1-3 hours) passive latex agglutination tests based on the knowledge of sedimentation stability of polymer suspensions. We studied sedimentation rates of sheep and chicken erythrocytes used in passive hemagglutination tests and identified the required intervals of sedimentation rate for polymer microspheres. Based on these dates a theoretical model of polymer microsphere motion within a V-shaped well was proposed, which revealed that the formation of a lattice in the passive latex agglutination reaction takes place not in the volume of the well, but on the surface of the well bottom.

Serological tests based on an agglutination reaction are commonly applied in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of various infectious diseases. There is a wide selection of microsphere-based diagnostic agglutination tests (yes/no results) and assays (quantitative results) worldwide. However, due to rapidity and no need for special equipment passive hemagglutination tests are still the most frequently used routine tests in Russia. These hemagglutination tests are run in 96-well microplates with V-shaped bottoms. The substitution of red blood cells for polymer microspheres in such semi-quantitative tests is difficult due to a number of reasons. When choosing the appropriate microspheres for rapid passive latex agglutination tests, it is important to consider such variables as their size (and size distribution), density and colloidal stability. In our study we showed the development of rapid (1-3 hours) passive latex agglutination tests based on the knowledge of sedimentation stability of polymer suspensions. We studied sedimentation rates of sheep and chicken erythrocytes used in passive hemagglutination tests and identified the required intervals of sedimentation rate for polymer microspheres. Based on these dates a theoretical model of polymer microsphere motion within a V-shaped well was proposed, which revealed that the formation of a lattice in the passive latex agglutination reaction takes place not in the volume of the well, but on the surface of the well bottom.

The effect of the molecular weight of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) solutions on the rheological properties, process stability and diameters of fibers produced by electrospinning was investigated. The critical value of the polymer concentration and molecular weight for a stable process of fiber electrospinning was obtained. Besides, the relationship between the molecular weight, on one hand, and the solution concentration and viscosity, as well as the process parameters and fiber diameter, on the other hand, was determined.