The peculiarities of the comparative analysis realization of different investment instruments at renewal of the aircraft fleet in Russian air companies are given in the article. The main factors, influencing on the investment effectiveness indexes are revealed, the comparative evaluation method is offered.

In the article the prevalence of alcohol drinking among young people in Belarus has been characterized. The data obtained indicate a significant extent of alcohol drinking by the students of secondary and vocational schools. The rate and extent of youth alcohol consumption were shown to be associated with familial alcohol abuse and addiction. The severe alcohol drinking of the respondents is considered as a risk factor of drug use onset. The necessity of early revealing of the adolescents, predisposed to PAS use, and the activation of preventive measures among students are discussed.

The changes in the neuroactive amino acid contents, GABA metabolism and TCA reactions have been studied in rat brain regions under experimental morphine withdrawal (MW). MW was developed by means of the cessation of morphine intraperitoneal injections 1 and 36 hours, 3 and 7 days after the course of morphine administration for 7 days. In cortex the significant increase in the contents of glutamate, glutamine, asparagine, and alanine was observed in remote terms of MW. In cerebellum MW led to the decrease in the levels of glutamine and asparagine and increase in glycine level, followed by the GABA-transaminase activation and the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition. In thalamus prolongation of MW caused to the further inhibition of the activities of the GABA-catabolising enzymes. The changes observed in the amino acids levels and the GABA shunt activity are likely to be explained by indirect adaptation of the brain regions differing in the opioid receptors contents to protracted morphine administration.

The onset ofpsychoactive substances use by adolescents is reported to be a complicated phenomenon depended upon a number of risk factors. The paper analyzed the impact of different risk factors on drug use onset by young people.

The activities of GABA-catabolizing enzymes (GABA-transaminase and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase), succinate dehydrogenase, alanine and aspartate amino transferases, the contents of GABA, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate and glycine were studied in rat brain regions after acute morphine administration. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 10 mg/kg morphine increased the glutamate level and decreased GABA and glycine levels in cortex. This may explain an excitable effect of morphine. When the higher doses of morphine were administered (20 and 40 mg/kg, i.p.), the most pronounced changes in the amino acids tested were observed in brain stem, possibly because of higher density of opiate receptors there. Decrease in glutamate level in the brain stem was accompanied by accumulation of its metabolic precursors glutamine and aspartate and decrease of inhibitory amino acids (GABA, glycine) leves, when the dose of 40 mg/kg was used. The data obtained indicate a dose-dependent relationship between the parameters studied and behavioral action of morphine.

The influence of chronic morphine intoxication (for 7, 14 and 21-days) has been studied on the contents of neuroactive amino acids (GABA, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate, glycine, taurine) and on the activities of their metabolizing enzymes (GABA-transaminase, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, alanine- and aspartate-aminotransferase) in the rat brain regions: cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. We detected the significant decrease of glutamate level and the enhancement of GABA and aspartate levels in cortex after long-term morphine administration. In brain stem the increase in the contents of GABA, glutamine and taurine was noted together with the tendency in attenuation of this effect when intoxication was prolonged. The dose-dependent enhancement in the levels of glutamate, aspartate and glycine was observed after longer courses of morphine administration. In cerebellum the 21-day morphine administration led to attenuation of the morphine-induced increase in the contents of GABA, glutamate, alanine and glycine.

In this article the epidemiological analysis of the prevalence ofpsychoactive substances (PAS) use/abuse among young people has been presented. The annual growth of drug addiction was revealed among this group ofpopulation. The results ofsociological questioning of the first-year students on their attitude to drug use were obtained and discussed. According to the sociological investigations a growing number of the university students is consuming PAS. The different aspects of preventive policy against drug addiction have also been discussed.

The paper analyses the prevalence of drug abuse in the Republic of Belarus in 1995-2002. A number of drug abusers and addicts registered in special detoxication services was shown to increase by 3.8 in this period. 802 newly revealed drug abusers were registered during the first six months of 2003. The further growth of opium and heroine consumption is forecasted. Among other drugs an enhancement of cannabinoides, amphetamines (ecstasy) and inhalants use was indicated in Belarus. The paper analyses the level of drug abuse in the Republic of Belarus in 1995-2002. A number of drug abusers and addicts registered in special detoxication services was shown to increase by 3.8 in this period. 802 newly revealed drug abusers were registered during the first six months of 2003. The further growth of opium and heroine consumption is forecasted. Among other drugs an enhancement of cannabinoides, amphetamines (ecstasy) and inhalants use was indicated in Belarus.