Prestrain affects the performance of dielectric elastomer actuators so much that rare actuators is used before pre-stretching. In this article, the author made a series of circular actuators with acrylic VHB4910 and graphite mixture electrodes, and performed contrast experiments, under non-prestrain, uniaxial prestrain and equibiaxial prestrain, respectively, to figure out the changing of area strain against prestrain. Result of experiment indicates that the film actuator obtains the highest output strain while applying equibiaxial prestrain. An optimum prestrain ratio of actuators, in this research, occurs between 150%similar to 200% under equibiaxial prestrain condition. This result has practical value in the future design and use of dielectric elastomer actuators.

Based on the analyzed transmission process of spindle head and combined with the analyzed assembly process of spindle box, it determined the relationships of transmission and assembly between the various components of the spindle head. Firstly, using software of computer-aided design (UG6), it established a 3D parts library of spindle box of machine tool. Secondly, we had been developed dynamic simulation and power transmission simulation software of the assembly process of the spindle box of machine tool. It could realistically reproduce the disassembly process and the power transmission process of spindle box of machine tool when running the software. The software not only could be used for the old products to analysis and improvement, but also could be used for development of new products, and to some extent, the prototype could be replaced by it. The software was one of the essential tools for both the training of related employees and teaching of mechanical engineering students.

E-ACE material membrane drive is studied. Firstly, the three existed strain energy function model are analysised by theroy under uniaxial tension and biaxial tension, then building model and simulation study for it with ANSYS software to compare to experimental results. The result indicate that their curve are almost same.

The gauge detection between high signal and contact net is an important part in railway safety production. According to the detection nature, this paper designed a visual detection system to solve the problem of gauge detection between high signal and contact net. Using template matching method to break up the gray target image, and using discovering turning point method to rebuild target in space. Then according to the principle, it prepared detection system based on VC++2008 and OpenCV. The experiment results showed that: measurement error was within +/- 15mm, when detection distance was arrange from 45.0m to 55.0m. Detection system which had high accuracy and good reliability, met system design requirements.

By researching on the main factors affecting the active zone area strain of electroactive dielectric elastomers, the suitable conditions of area strain for the material in the application as artificial muscles actuator was determined. In the experiments, the strain characteristics of the material was investigated under uniaxial pre-stretching, uniform biaxial pre-stretching and non-uniform biaxial pre-stretching respectively. In addition, the strain rates of the materials active zone under different ratio of the active zone to the window radius of the materials were investigated. The experimental results show that the area strain of active zone would have inflexion under any pre-stretching condition, and the area strain increased with applied voltage increasing, decreased with the ratio of the active zone to the window radius increasing. It could be found that the strain conditions have an important influence on the area strain of the active zone.

Study on the preparation processing of E-ACE. By experimental methods, the conductivity, the mechanical flexibility of the electrode material and the thickness of the acrylic polymers were studied respectively. Experimental results show that the conductivity of electrode material have an impact on the performance of E-ACE, E-ACE performance is enhanced with the increasing of conductivity of the electrode material. Mechanical flexibility of Electrode materials and thickness of acrylic polymer have significantly impact on the performance of E-ACE, E-ACE performance is enhanced with the decreasing of mechanical flexibility of electrode material, and E-ACE performance is also enhanced with the decreasing of the thickness of acrylic polymers.

Traditional coating shell marking process is complex, has long production period, high labor intensity, and endangers health. In order to solve these problems, this paper studied and designed a kind of automatic production line of precision molding in coating shell making process. The production line was controlled by a single-chip microcomputer to automatically achieve the process of dipping, sanding, hardening and drying. It not only improved work efficiency and saved labor, but also reduced the body harm of workers.

It plays an important role to detect gauge between high signal and contact net in railway safe, to provide safe guarantee for railway workers. This paper proposed a visual detection model to solve the problem of gauge between high signal and contact net. Base on three-dimensional reconstruction high signal and contact line with space points, it transformed two objects coordinate, then analyzed the position relationship and accurately solved the shortest distance from high signal to contact line, last compared with the standard gauge to achieve the process of gauge detection.

Failure characteristics of electroactive acrylic elastomer are discussed,and its failure mechanism is analysed.By experiments,the relationship between failure type and its effect factors is discussed and determined.The experiment results show that crinkling,discharge and breakdown are the failure types of electroactive acrylic elastomer.Pre-stretch extension,the ratio of radius of active area vs radius of elastomer window and especially the electrode materials have obvious effects on the crinkling and breakdown.The bigger elastic modulus of electrode material is,the more difficultly crinkling occurs,vice versa.Pre-stretch has an obvious effect on the breakdown,and the breakdown voltage decreases with pre-stretch extension increasing.Discharge is affected by electrode materials and applied voltage.Discharge is macroscopical when electrode material is graphite,and is microscopical when electrode material is electric glue.In addition,pre-stretch has an obvious effect on discharge when electrode material is electric glue.

In order to promote the application of electroactive polymer, the generator mode theory fundamentals of electroactive polymer (take acrylic elastomer as an example) were discussed and studied. The power generation mode of electroactive acrylic elastomer (EAE) was studied by experiments based on designing a power generation measurement system for EAE. The power generation process of EAE was tested under different influencing factors. The experimental results show that power generated when EAE relaxed. The bias voltage and pre-strain level had a great impact on the power generation of EAE. The voltage of power generation increased with the augmentation of the bias voltage and pre-strain level.

Output pressure and output strain are two most important performance parameters of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). In this research, effective pressure was educed from the perspective of energy conservation. A concept circular acrylic-polymer-based actuator was built with VHB4910 and graphite-silicon-elastomer mixture. Several groups of contrast experiments were performed. Theoretical analysis and experiment results indicated that boundary conditions affected strain output of actuators greatly and DEAs can get its highest output strain under equibiaxial prestrain condition. Output strain was not always monotonously rise with the increase of prestrain, and an appropriate prestrain ratio can improve maximum output strain of actuators up to several times. The changing of prestrain during actuating process also affected output strain greatly and should not be ignored in the design and application of DEAs.

Activated strain values were measured for different electrode materials,pre-strain values and driving voltages.The inflection point of activated strain exists for different pre-strain values,and the activated strain values will increase with increasing driving voltages when pre-strain level is below the inflection point,the activated strain values will decrease with increasing driving voltages when pre-strain level is above the point.The experiment results show that the electrode materials and pre-strain values strongly influence the strain characteristics of the materials.There exists strain instability and hysteretic behavior in electroactive dielectric acrylic elastomer.

As a new type of electroactive polymer(EAP),dielectric elastomers can work in both actuator and generator modes.Dielectric elastomers(DE) can achieve good performance in a generator mode,such as high energy density,good impedance matching to many energy sources,low cost,etc.Based on the structure of dielectric elastomers film,the fundamentals of dielectric elastomers,namely fundamentals of alterable capacitance are discussed.The theoretical models of dielectric elastomers film were analyzed,and the conclusion that Maxwell stress effects could be treated as a piezoelectric material with an effective piezoelectric coefficient was drawn.Power energy conversion cycle was analyzed by simulation and experiments,and the experimental curves of output voltages were investigated.The relation between electric field and elastic restoring stress,and its influence on power generating efficiency,were discussed.At last,the mechanical cycle of power generation for dielectric elastomers was determined approximately.

The power generation characteristics of electroactive acrylic elastomer (EAE) were studied by experiments based on theoretical analysis. The generator mode theory fundamentals of EAE were discussed and studied. A power conversion control system for EAE was designed. The experimental results show that energy generated as nearly incompressible elastomer layers increase in area and decrease in thickness when EAE stretched, and power generated when EAE relaxed. The voltage of generation increased with the bias voltage increasing. The experimental results accorded with analytical model and lay the foundation for generator of EAE.