传统纺纱工序长而散、用工多,造成单产能耗高、产品一致性差、运营成本高等行业痛点问题;纱线原料的多元化使原料及成品回收难度大.为实现2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和目标,提出了人-机-料-法-环的五位一体化碳中和纺纱的低碳生产策略,凝练并分析了集约型、简约型和延伸型低碳纺纱技术.分析结果表明:与传统纺纱相比,集约型智能纺技术运行成本降低32.67％,单位产品能耗降低17.5％、产品不良率降低61.54％,有效解决了纺纱行业的痛点问题,实现低碳高质纺纱;简约型高速纺纱技术能缩短或消除纺纱流程,纺纱速度高达550 m/min,实现了降低碳排放、提高效率的目标;低碳纺纱发展方向要向前后端延伸,对前端原料要多应用功能化循环利用技术、变废为宝技术、节能减排技术,在中端要发展固碳纺纱技术和循环利用技术,在终端研发绿色环保纺织品的制冷、隔热等功能纱制备技术.

为适应数码刺绣发展需要,拓宽数码刺绣在纺织服装领域创新思路和表现形式,探索绘画在数码刺绣中实现的路径,文章追溯了绘画与刺绣结合的历史,明确了绘画在数码刺绣中应用的意义,结合案例阐述了绘画在数码刺绣中色彩、尺寸、肌理、材质的表现形式,总结出绘画在数码刺绣实现过程中,应重点把握绣线、样式、针法、维度4个要点的实施,并进行了国画和水彩画在数码刺绣中应用的实验分析.分析表明:绘画与数码刺绣结合可以通过技术手段和艺术形态升华绣面的纹理特征,增加了产品的艺术性,数码刺绣的各工艺要素对绘画效果的实现有重要影响作用,要根据不同的肌理效果选择相应的针迹进行表现.

Natural biomass-based Juncus effusus (JE) fiber offers a wide range of applications in wastewater treatment. Recently, the hybridization of various semiconductors has emerged as an efficient approach to enhance adsorption and photodegradation properties. Herein, we in situ synthesized the ternary hybrid NiO/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites on the JE fiber using a sol-gel method with coprecipitation. The JE fiber with the ternary hybrid nanocomposites was applied for simultaneous adsorption and photodegradation of cationic and anionic dyes from wastewater. The results showed that the as-prepared NiO/ZnO/TiO2-JE (nano PS-JE) fiber exhibited excellent adsorption and photodegradation properties towards organic dyes. Approximately 98.0% of removal efficiency was achieved towards six kinds of organic dyes under the simulated UV irradiation. Therefore, the as-prepared nano PS-JE fiber may offer a new possibility for wastewater treatment as a promising candidate adsorbent for removing organic dyes.

Eco-friendly ethanol (EtOH)-water (H2O) mixture has demonstrated huge potential in the textile industry. However, the uncontrolled discharge of dye-contaminated EtOH-H2O mixture to the ecosystem has numerous adverse effects. Herein, a sustainable approach utilizing the agricultural waste biomass-Juncus effusus (JE) to synthesize magnetic cellulose JE powders (M-JEPs) has been proposed for purification of dye-contaminated EtOH-H2O mixture. Batch experiments and physical-chemical analyses were performed to explore the adsorption performance and mechanism. The as-prepared cellulose M-JEPs exhibited ultrafast adsorption performance, which can reach the adsorption equilibrium within 10 min. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics demonstrated that the adsorption fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, exhibiting the maximum adsorption capacity towards C.I. Reactive Red 195 and C.I. Reactive Blue 222 of 58.21 mg/g and 86.06 mg/g at the temperature of 303K. These findings indicate the feasibility of using cellulose M-JEPs for rapid purification of the dye-contaminated EtOH-H2O mixture.

针对边缘计算环境下边缘节点间资源差距过大且任务分配的负载不均衡等问题,提出了一种基于蚁群优化算法的任务调度方法.方法以不同任务对于CPU、内存、带宽等计算资源的需求情况的差异作为任务选择边缘节点的约束条件,以边缘云达到整体的负载均衡为目标,通过改进启发式因子、信息素的更新等条件提高算法的整体计算效率,降低计算时间,最后通过利用蚁群算法实现任务在边缘环境下的合理分配得出最优分配方式.方法能够避免相同类型的任务部署在同一节点中以提高任务执行效率和运算资源利用率.仿真实验结果表明,该算法在相同的节点数量下可以分配更多的任务,而且相同的任务数量下边缘节点整体具有较低的负载不均衡度,提高了资源的利用率,降低了任务整体的计算时间.

In recent years, research on interface modification based on dopamine has been greatly developed, but the high price of dopamine limits its practical application. Cheap catechol-tetraethylenepentamine (Cat-TEPA), similar to dopamine, can spontaneously polymerize and then deposit on the surface of various materials, exhibiting strong adhesion, reactivity, and no selectivity to the substrate. Surface modification based on Cat-TEPA has become a universal method suitable for practical applications. In this paper, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber was modified by Cat-TEPA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the static contact angle investigations were used to characterize the structure and performance of the modified fibers. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between the fiber and the epoxy resin before and after modification was measured by monofilament extraction experiment. The effects of reactant ratio and reaction time on interface properties were explored and the optimal modification conditions were determined. The results show that Cat-TEPA modification does not affect the crystallization and thermal stability of the fiber, and the surface wettability of the fiber is improved after modification. An optimal IFSS increase of about 44% has been obtained when the molar ratio of Cat-TEPA is 1:4 and reaction time is 24 h.

Industrial-scale dyeing of raw cotton fibers with low discharge of dyeing effluents was realized by establishing an ethanol recovery system.

Dense and uniform arrays of ZnO nanorods were successfully formed on the surface of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber via low temperature hydrothermal method. The resultant microstructure could effectively enhance the interfacial bonding strength between the fiber and the resin due to its ability to form a mechanical meshing structure with the resin. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the structure and properties of UHMWPE fibers before and after modification, and the monofilament pull-out experiment was performed to characterize the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between the fiber and epoxy resin, exploring the effects of reaction time and precursor concentration on interface properties. The results showed that this gentle modification process had little effect on the intrinsic properties of the fiber, and the IFSS could be 58% higher than that of the unmodified fiber. In addition, the UHMWPE fabric was modified by the similar method, and the puncture work was improved by 20% for the UHMWPE@ZnO fabric. The puncture work was further improved by 42% when tannic acid was introduced at the interface to enhance the binding force between ZnO nanorods and fiber surface.

研究原液着色纤维混色规律.设计了不同比例的三种原液着色纤维进行混色,采用多元回归的方法建立了明度、彩度和色相与单色纤维比例含量的数学模型.同时对该模型进行回归显著性检验以及预测集数据预测.结果表明:建立的数学模型,其决定系数R 2几乎均大于0.9,方程F显著性检验和回归系数t检验结果均为极显著;利用建立的多元回归方程对预测集样本颜色进行预测,64％的样本满足色差要求.认为:采用该数学模型,多数样本基本可以实现一次配色成功,少数样本可以通过进一步修色来达到色差要求.

文章根据实验样本的反射率光谱、色度学参数以及CMC色差值等数据,研究了原液着色纤维及其纤维集合体在纺纱过程中颜色受纤维形貌、绕纱时间和捻系数等影响变化规律.结果表明:绕纱时间和捻系数差异均对纤维及纤维集合体色差产生较大影响,而纤维顺直度对色差影响不大.色差随着绕纱时间增大而趋于减小,当绕纱时间达到125 s及以上时,CMC色差小于 1,即人眼判定无色差.样本反射率随着纱线捻系数增大而随之减小.当纱线捻系数差异超过30,CMC色差大于 1,即通过人眼能够发现色差.通过分析色差影响因素的变化规律,将有助于原液着色纤维计算机配色模型的研究.

芳纶作为一种高性能纤维,其本身或由其构成的纱线在复合材料增强、高温过滤以及特种服装等方面应用广泛.但纤维本身的一些性能特点又导致其可纺性较差,纺纱工艺有待进一步优化.基于现有研究成果,文章综述了近年来芳纶短纤纱的生产技术进展,并对目前生产中存在的问题进行分析,展望了芳纶短纤纱的发展趋势.

Salt-free reactive dyeing with considerable reduction of water consumption was realized using a green ethanol–water mixture.

This study purpose was to establish and analyze a protective systematic process. Theoretical analysis indicted that strict hydrothermal conditions could keep fibers in an optimal state during opening; gentle carding effectively reduced the fiber damage by reducing flats of normal carding; the false twisting method could enhance fiber control and decrease fiber loss in a loose assemblage during the combing; false twisting roving could achieve compact roving structure with low twist density to eliminate unexpected drawing; in particular, the embeddable and locatable spinning model was developed to avoid end breakage and fiber loss during the super high count yarn using tender fibers. Guided by theoretical modeling analysis, super high count yam of vicuna fibers was produced successfully by adopting systematic processing procedures.

In this study, geometrical and theoretical analyses were conducted comparatively for fiber trappings by filaments in the left diagonal, conventional and right diagonal sirofil with right strand and left filament arrangement (denoted as LDS-RS-LF, CS-RS-LF and RDS-RS-LF, respectively)and left diagonal, conventional and right diagonal sirofil with right filament and left strand arrangement (LDS-RF-LS, CS-RF-LS and RDS-RF-LS, respectively). White filaments and blue rovings were used to produce conventional and diagonal sirofil yarns to validate the analysis. Online and offline fiber trapping capacity comparisons indicated that CS-RS-LF and CS-RF-LS had higher capacities of trapping fibers than LDS-RS-LF and RDS-RF-LS, respectively, and lower capacities than RDS-RS-LF and LDS-RF-LS, respectively. Yarn appearance and tensile properties results revealed that diagonal sirofils with improved fiber trappings increased yarn hairiness and tensile properties, while the ones with deteriorated fiber trappings decreased yarn hairiness and tensile properties. Sirofil yarn unevenness CVm decreased as the fiber trapping enhanced by RDS-RS-LF and LDS-RF-LS and increased as the fiber trapping weakened by LDS-RS -LF and RDS-RF-LS. This corresponded well to our theoretical hypotheses on fiber trappings by filaments in conventional and diagonal sirofil systems.

为建立超细羊毛的低损伤染色工艺技术,采用低温染色助剂Miralan LTD,通过单因素实验研究了染色温度、染色时间、染浴pH值对纤维束强力、K/S值及染色牢度的影响,优化出了适合超细羊毛低损伤染色的LanasolCE系列染料染色工艺,即染色温度为90 ℃,染色时间为70 min,pH值为4.0.结果表明,助剂Miralan LTD和Lanasol CE活性染料的结合使用,不但实现了羊毛纤维的低温染色,而且上染百分率较好,工艺简单,同时纤维断裂强力得到改善,减少了羊毛的损伤.采用该工艺条件,超细羊毛染色后的染色吸尽率可达到98％以上,匀染性好,各项色牢度均达到4级以上,可满足后道的生产加工要求.

为解决13.Oμm以下超细羊毛梳理损伤严重的问题,对梳毛损伤进行成因分析并探讨解决办法.通过对梳毛各工作区的纤维长度、毛粒数、落毛率的测定,利用TEAM-3预测公式和正交试验法优化各工艺参数,确定隔距、速比、锡林针布齿密、道夫针布齿密、出条定量等梳毛工艺的最优配置条件:即2#隔距,3#速比,针布规格为锡林针布齿密60.7齿/cm2,道夫针布齿密62.5齿/cm2,出条定量20 g/m.经过验证,利用此低损伤梳毛工艺制成的超细羊毛精梳毛条,纤维长度平均损伤小于0.5 mm,毛粒减少,条干明显改善.

In order to limit modification to the surface of wool fibers and decrease pollution caused by conventional chemical treatments using chlorine, a water-in-oil-type reversed-phase microemulsion with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane as the external phase was prepared containing very small amounts of an aqueous solution of alkali. The edges of the wool cuticle scales were modified by the alkali in aqueous solution contained in the reversed-phase microemulsion. The external phase decamethylcyclopentasiloxane can be recycled after application. In this paper, the solubility of water in the reversed-phase microemulsion and its stability were first studied and then it was applied in the treatment of wool. The results showed that surfactant sodium alcohol ether sulfate/NaOH aqueous solution was quite stable. Felting shrinkage of treated wool was reduced and the initial dyeing speed was higher than that for untreated wool. The corroded scales of treated wool were observed by scanning electron microscopy and the bromine Allwörden reaction with bromine water was reduced or eliminated after treatment. This adsorbable organohalogen-free modification should be useful in improving the manufacturing properties of wool, such as hydrophilicity, and as a pretreatment for wool printing.

研究了超声波振动在传统非离子洗剂洗毛中的应用及对洗毛效果的影响.试验选用了3种不同纤维直径的超细羊毛,经不同频率的超声波振动和不经超声波振动的方式进行洗毛.通过质量损失率和残脂率来评估洗毛效果.采用扫描电镜观察纤维表面鳞片,并测试了洗净毛的强力和摩擦因数,来表征纤维的损伤程度.试验发现,超声波作用能够显著提高洗毛效果.同时,超声波频率为100 kHz时洗毛效果优于频率为45 kHz及80 kHz时的洗毛效果.超声波作用使纤维表面鳞片产生损伤,断裂强力降低,断裂伸长率增加.超声波频率为80 kHz时,对纤维断裂强力的影响小于频率为45 kHz及100 kHz时.超声波洗毛能够降低纤维逆、顺鳞片方向静动摩擦因数,使摩擦效应大大降低.

The invention discloses a fabric with an antibacterial effect and a dyeing and finishing method of the fabric. According to the functional fabric, 110 or more wool yarns and 65D or lower superfine denier curcuma longa viscose yarns serve as raw materials, the tightness in the warp direction is 75% or above, the tightness in the weft direction is 35% or above, at least one piece of warp backed weave exits in each fabric weave circulation, and the fabric is finally formed through a procedure. Besides the fact that the antibacterial raw materials are used, the twists of the yarns used on the surface weave and the liner weave of the fabric are different, and thus an inner-loose and outer-tight structure is formed so that harmful bacteria and the like can fall into the fabric when entering the fabric without direct contact with the skin; thus, dust, harmful bacteria and the like can be effectively blocked and prevented from entering, the antibacterial effect is achieved, the fabric is smooth in hand touch, and clothes made of the fabric are comfortable to wear; no chemical assistant is added for functional finishing, while the antibacterial effect can be achieved simply by changing selected raw materials and the fabric structure, so that the antibacterial effect is good, the antibacterial time is long, cost is low, the procedure is simple, and meanwhile damage to the human body and the environment is reduced.