Graphdiyne (GDY), a new carbon allotrope, is composed of two types of hybridized (sp and sp(2)) carbon atoms to form a 2D planar network structure. After being synthesized in 2010, pristine GDY has attracted the attention of researchers, because of its large pi-conjugated structure and excellent electronic properties. In recent years, there have been many reviews on GDY, but most reviews only briefly describe its synthesis and applications. Due to experimental limitations, it is difficult to gain insight into the electronic structure of GDY concerning its properties and applications. At the same time, there is also a lack of a thorough understanding of the application mechanism of GDY and GDY-based materials. By utilizing theoretical computation, not only the above problems can be solved but also experimental results can be predicted. Thus, in this paper, we review some of the physical properties of GDY-based materials from the perspective of theoretical calculations. Then, their theoretical prediction in the fields of energy storage and conversion is introduced, which points out the research direction and provides a theoretical basis for the experiments. It is hoped that this Review will play a positive part in developing GDY and its related calculations.

The radial heterostructure in thermally stabilized fibers (SFs), especially for the core with a loose structure, seriously affects the properties of carbon fibers (CFs). Hence, a new process combination of gamma-irradiation and heat treatment is built to improve the microstructure of SFs. The synergistic effect of irradiation and heat treatment as well as changes in radial heterogeneity of SFs were investigated. Through nanoindentation and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, a hierarchical model for SFs composed of outer-surface, sub-surface, inner-surface, and core parts was proposed. The hardness of each part in SFs prepared by the coordination of irradiation and heating has a significant improvement. SFs prepared by coordination of irradiation and heating possess a more compact and ordered trapezoidal structure both in the sub-surface and core parts. However, in the core of SFs (first heating and then irradiation), smaller improvement in the trapezoidal structure is found due to the lack of oxygen. Atomistic simulations jointly elucidate improvement of the structure in SFs by producing more cross-links. In a word, the combination of irradiation and heat treatment improves the cross-linking structure of each region in the SFs. It indicates that the reasonable combination of photochemistry and thermochemistry has great potential in the structural optimization of polymers.

面对纺织行业特色高校在国际化教育方面存在的体系不完整、办学水平有待提高、国际化人才培养与各国需求脱节以及学生对中华优秀传统文化尤其是纺织文化的认识和理解不深等问题,天津工业大学基于"一带一路"倡议,充分发挥纺织行业特色高校优势,提出"五为服务"理念,坚持"四大原则",围绕"三大任务",搭建"三大平台",优化"两大结构",完善"六大保障机制",创建了"理念先行—品牌引领—资源共享—平台支撑—质量提升"的"五位一体"国际化教育体系,为同类高校开展国际化教育体系改革提供了经验.

"一带一路"建设为中国教育开放开辟了新天地.2020年6月教育部等八部门印发文件,对新时代我国教育对外开放作出重点部署,为教育开放高质量内涵式发展指明了方向.天津工业大学在国际化视野下依托一流学科建设,发挥特色学科优势,更新教育观念,与"一带一路"沿线国家高水平纺织大学、科研机构进行深入合作交流,协调各方资源,培养高水平留学生人才,提升了教育对外开放的水平.

为降低企业生产成本,通过对生产工艺参数进行调整,提出一种织机效率预测模型.该模型将主成分分析与BP神经网络结合,先用主成分分析法对影响织机效率的众多因素进行预处理,降低原变量的维数,消除原变量之间的相关性.然后再将经过预处理的主成分作为神经网络的输入,这样不仅简化网络结构,还能提高网络稳定性.经过仿真,结果表明,PCA-BP比BP神经网络相关系数高;十万纬经停仿真,PCA-BP比BP神经网络预测误差减小了11.28％;织机效率仿真,PCA-BP比BP神经网络预测误差减小了64.92％.

本文对工程教育认证背景下的纺织科学与工程专业课程考核体系进行研究和分析,并针对性的进行了考核方式改革探索,建立了纺织科学与工程专业课程考核系统.这种新型的纺织科学与工程专业课程考核体系更侧重于过程考核,方式多样化有助于提高学生学习积极性和学习能力,也使得使课程考核方式更加实用.

With a high theoretical specific and typical self-healing mechanism, Sn4P3 alloy has been widely concerned as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The mechanism is attributed to a reversible conversion reaction combined with an alloy reaction. Essentially, Sn nanoparticles act as an electronic channel to activate the P component. Meanwhile, P and Na3P play a matrix to partially restore the degradation and aggregation of the alloy. Nevertheless, pure Sn4P3 inevitably shortens the cycle life due to volume expansion. Herein, the puffed rice hard carbon (HC) with loose structure within the temperature range from 800 degrees C to 1400 degrees C is used to tightly wrap the alloy via a simple ball milling. The structurally stable Sn4P3@HC composites improve the electrochemical performance of SIBs. At 1000 degrees C, the composites show an excellent reversible capacity of 430 mA h g(-1) at 100 mA g(-1) over 100 cycles, with an elevated rate capability of 260 mA h g(-1) even at 3.0 A g(-1), and a high capacity of 312 mA h g(-1) after 400 cycles at 1.0 A g(-1). This work not only testifies a superior design of HC and alloy which synergistically stabilize the electrochemical performance of SIBs, but also provides a simple, efficient, and easy-to-scale coating method for active materials. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

为准确预测纺织厂织布车间的织机效率,提出利用BP神经网络、主成分分析结合BP神经网络(PCA-BP)、遗传算法改进BP神经网络(GA-BP)3种模型预测织机效率,并将GA-BP预测模型与传统BP神经网络和PCA-BP预测模型的预测结果进行对比分析.结果表明:GA-BP对原始数据的拟合度最好,相关系数为0.94687,比BP增加了6.42％,比PCA-BP增加了2.61％;GA-BP、PCA-BP、BP这3种网络十万入纬的经停仿真值与期望值间的平均误差分别为0.3412、0.3031、0.2341,误差百分率分别为8.63％、7.67％、5.92％,不同网络结构下织机效率仿真预测值与期望值间的平均误差分别为3.0109、2.6884、2.1189,误差百分率分别为3.51％、3.13％、2.47％;3种模型的预测准确度顺序由大到小为GA-BP、PCA-BP、BP.

作为"推动世界前进的重要元素"的能源金属,锂对国民经济的发展具有重要的战略意义.目前各行业如玻璃、电器和制药等对锂资源的需求量都大幅提高,因此对锂资源的提取和储备至关重要.相比于传统矿石提锂的方法,从盐湖卤水中提锂不需要大量的药剂投入,生产成本大幅降低,因此从盐湖卤水中提取锂资源成为获取锂资源的重要途径.盐湖中镁锂共生存在,镁和锂化学性质相似且它们的离子水合半径差异较小,要实现盐湖高效提锂首先需要解决镁锂分离困难的问题.目前,用于盐湖镁锂分离的方法有很多,但这些工艺存在一些缺陷,如能源消耗大,经济效益低、对环境不友好或不适用于高镁锂比盐湖等.纳滤是一种介于超滤与反渗透之间的压力驱动膜分离技术,纳滤膜因特殊的孔径范围和荷电性质,能有效分离单价、二价及多价离子,在盐湖卤水的镁锂分离领域表现出显著优势.因此,纳滤分离技术成为一种新兴的镁锂分离手段,被国内外研究者视为今后镁锂分离研究的一个重要方向.研究表明,纳滤膜的分离机理主要包括静电排斥和空间位阻效应,溶质在分离过程中除了受到溶质尺寸与孔径的影响,膜表面的电荷性质对溶质的分离起到了极大的作用.目前,用于镁锂分离的多为商业化纳滤膜,一般带有负电.由于镁锂的离子水合半径非常接近,因此在膜分离过程中孔径筛分作用影响较小,膜分离镁锂主要通过静电排斥来实现.近年来的研究结果表明,荷正电纳滤膜在镁锂分离过程中表现出优异的镁锂选择分离性能.由静电排斥效应可知,荷正电纳滤膜在分离镁和锂的过程中,膜对二价阳离子Mg2+的排斥作用明显高于一价阳离子Li+,因此可使一价阳离子Li+更容易透过膜进入渗透液,而二价阳离子Mg2+则被截留.本文从盐湖锂资源的分布和提取的角度出发,对盐湖卤水镁锂分离的多种方法进行了全面的归纳.以纳滤膜的结构特点和作用机理为切入点对纳滤膜的相关特性进行了详细的分析概述,重点评述了纳滤法分离镁锂技术的应用现状及其存在的问题.同时针对我国盐湖卤水中镁和锂的特殊结构和分布状态,展望了应用于盐湖镁锂分离的纳滤技术的发展方向.

为提高色纺纱计算机配色的准确性和实用性,以Stearns-Noechel模型为基础,对配色算法进行改进.改变Stearns-Noechel模型中最优参数的确定方法,对参数M进行循环赋值,选择色差最小时对应的M值为最优参数预测配方,在此基础上,将人眼视觉特性以代码表示并用于色纺纱的配色,通过比较标准样与拟合样的色差大小判断配色效果.结果表明:按照前人固定最优参数预测配方,平均拟合色差为1.02,中位数为1.08;对参数M循环赋值后预测配方,平均拟合色差为0.477,中位数为0.46,配色效果得到提高;基于人眼视觉特性预测配方,平均拟合色差为0.201,中位数为0.125,配色效果得到进一步提高.

研究原液着色纤维混色规律.设计了不同比例的三种原液着色纤维进行混色,采用多元回归的方法建立了明度、彩度和色相与单色纤维比例含量的数学模型.同时对该模型进行回归显著性检验以及预测集数据预测.结果表明:建立的数学模型,其决定系数R 2几乎均大于0.9,方程F显著性检验和回归系数t检验结果均为极显著;利用建立的多元回归方程对预测集样本颜色进行预测,64％的样本满足色差要求.认为:采用该数学模型,多数样本基本可以实现一次配色成功,少数样本可以通过进一步修色来达到色差要求.

文章根据实验样本的反射率光谱、色度学参数以及CMC色差值等数据,研究了原液着色纤维及其纤维集合体在纺纱过程中颜色受纤维形貌、绕纱时间和捻系数等影响变化规律.结果表明:绕纱时间和捻系数差异均对纤维及纤维集合体色差产生较大影响,而纤维顺直度对色差影响不大.色差随着绕纱时间增大而趋于减小,当绕纱时间达到125 s及以上时,CMC色差小于 1,即人眼判定无色差.样本反射率随着纱线捻系数增大而随之减小.当纱线捻系数差异超过30,CMC色差大于 1,即通过人眼能够发现色差.通过分析色差影响因素的变化规律,将有助于原液着色纤维计算机配色模型的研究.

3D graphene networks (3DGN) as reinforcement for epoxy composites have attracted intense attention, while the interfacial adhesion with the matrix is still a key issue. With respect to the impact between interfacial wettability for graphene sheets in 3DGN and the performance for epoxy-based composites, 3DGNs prepared by self-assembly method, have been carbonized in N-2 at heat treatment temperature between 220 and 800 degrees C, and then incorporated into epoxy by resin transfer molding method. Polyving akohol serving as cross-linking agent is converted to amorphous carbon during the annealing process, which effectively interconnects and enhances graphene sheet-sheet welding. When the carbonization temperature is 400 degrees C (3DGN-4), epoxy contact angles decrease from 100.2 degrees to 56.7 degrees, and 3DGN-4/epoxy composites are increased significantly 84% and 56% in compressive and flexural strength, respectively. In the meantime, this 3DGN serving as radiation protection of epoxy composites has been investigated for the first time. The electron spin resonance detection shows that 3DGN could act as radical scavenger in the gamma irradiation environment, and mechanical performance retention rate of 3DGN-4/epoxy composites is above 92% after gamma irradiation, which is higher than that of epoxy resin. Therefore, the designed 3D graphene networks can be considered as promising candidates for improving both the mechanical properties and radiation resistance of epoxy composites. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

To explore the mechanism of microvoid evolution and the pertinence of microvoid and mechanical behavior of carbon fibers (CFs) in γ-irradiation, T700 CFs were exposed to γ-rays under epoxy chloropropane (ECP) and argon (Ar) at room temperature. The results from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) showed that the average microvoid radius of the CFs decreased gradually from 4.8406 nm for pristine fibers to 3.6868 nm (ECP) and 3.4223 nm (Ar), indicating that γ-irradiation could obviously decrease the microvoid in CFs owing to annealing and rearrangement effects. More significantly, active media would enlarge the surface microvoid of fibers, thus the microvoid of CFs irradiated in ECP was overall larger than that in Ar. The tensile strength of CFs was increased from 5.74 GPa for the pristine fibers to 6.78 GPa (Ar) and 6.18 GPa (ECP) for the irradiated CFs along with a decrease in the microvoid. Therefore, this would provide a key to investigate the evolution of the CF microvoid during γ-irradiation, which was conducive to improving the mechanical properties of γ-irradiated CFs.

In this study, carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles were loaded on pure carbon nanofibers ((SnO2@C)/CNFs) by the synchronized electrospinning-electrospraying method and subsequent heat treatment. Compared with SnO2@CNFs composites fabricated by conventional electrospinning method, carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed while attached tightly on CNFs surface with the help of carbon coating. The (SnO2@C)/CNFs composites delivered an outstanding initial discharge capacity of 1425 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g-1 and an initial coulombic efficiency of 63.24%. A reversible capacity of ~500 mAh g-1 was also displayed after 50 cycles. Remarkably, the outstanding electrochemical performance of (SnO2@C)/CNFs composites was ascribed to the cooperative effect of external carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles and unmarred CNFs three-dimensional interconnection networks. Furthermore, this synchronized electrospinning-electrospraying method was simple, efficient and scalable, providing a potential strategy for lithium-ion battery anode material production.

To enhance photocatalysis and recycling abilities of catalyst simultaneously, novel microstructure in which TiO2 nanoparticles were semi-wrapped in carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was proposed and produced successfully. Betaine was employed as a foaming agent to drive the TiO2 nanoparticles to migrate from inner space to the surface of CNFs gradually under the function of calcination. Various characterizations were used to research the surface and crystal evolution process of TiO2 and CNFs, and the semi-wrapped microstructure of TiO2@CNFs was well built up when the composites were carbonized at 800°C. TiO2 was immobilized stably on CNFs while exposed partly to air distinctively. This unique semi-wrapped structure endowed the composites with strong interfacial interaction between TiO2 and CNFs, and the exposed section of TiO2 provided sufficient reaction sites for organic dyes. Notably, photocatalytic degradation ratio of Rhodamine B in the first time reached 98.2% and even remained 95.4% after being recycled for 5 times under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, indicating that the photocatalysis and recycling abilities were obviously strengthened simultaneously compared with other counterparts reported in literature.

The permeation flux of pure graphene oxide (GO) membrane is low because of its narrow and variable interlayer spacing. To overcome this drawback, a multilayer membrane with sandwich structure was assembled alternately by GO and oxidized carbon nanotubes (OCNTs) on a polyacrylonitrile substrate via a layer-by-layer self-assembly technology. The role of polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) was to connect GO and OCNTs. The PDDA/GO/OCNTs multilayers (M n ) consisting of 3, 5, 7 and 9 bilayers were deposited. The performance of nanofiltration membranes can be optimized by adjusting the number of sandwich layers. As the assembled layers increased, obvious fluctuation and fold forms of membrane increased, which was conducive to increase separation performance of composite membrane. Rejection rate for Alphaurine A and water flux of M7 were 94.42% and 28.53 L m−2 h−1, respectively, at 3 bar. Meanwhile, M7 had higher flux compared with the reported literature in which rejection also reached up to 90%. Rejection rate of M3, M5, M7 and M9 for Alphaurine A remained 50.45, 87.7, 94.5 and 97.1%, respectively, after the 12-h filtration test. Thus, we thought that composite membrane with sandwich structure via layer-by-layer self-assembly technology of GO and OCNTs under the effect of PDDA had excellent stability and high flux.

In this article, we utilized a facile approach for growth of carbon nanotubes onto the surface of carbon fibers by microwave plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition to improve the interfacial properties of composites. By adjusting the deposition time, the length and density of carbon nanotubes could be controlled, and the results of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller testing indicated that the specific surface area was increased with the deposition time prolonged, which improve the contact area between fiber and resin matrix. The interfacial shear strength of the composites increased significantly with increasing in deposition time. When the deposited time reached 15 min, the interfacial shear strength of carbon fiber/epoxy composites increased 153%, reaching to 129.92 Mpa. On the basis of investigation for the relationship between the interfacial properties and the micro‐structures of composites, we found that the propagation path of transverse cracks on interface increased with the increasing of interfacial properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E1262–E1268, 2018. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

At present, computer color matching is difficult to predict the exact formulation of the problem when color difference formula hours large deviations, so the algorithm is optimized based on the Stearns-Noechel model of the optical model. Using the spectral reflectance data of the two samples were equal and the two samples necessarily colored, and then the discriminant conditions in the computer color matching algorithm program were improved. We Calculated by MATLB, in the interval [0 1], every interval of 0. 001, the cycle of unknown parameters M value, and selected the full spectrum of the reflectance data when the minimum deviation of the parameter M value to calculate the fit ratio, instead of the minimum color parameters M. The fitting ratio was calculated and the relative formula deviation of the fitting sample was calculated. The results showed that the average deviation of the average color of the primary color was 0. 560 and the secondary color was 0. 346 when the deviation of the parameter M was the minimum of the total spectral reflectance data. The minimum deviation of the parameter M was the corresponding formula, the relative deviation of the primary color was 0. 723, and the secondary color was 0. 383. Compared with the two methods, it can be seen that the relative deviation of the formula after fitting the sample and the standard sample was smaller than the relative formula deviation when the chromatic aberration was minimum. That is, after the optimization of the formula was more close to the real formula, and color accuracy has been significantly improved, helping to reduce the number of late proofing as well as improving color efficiency.

For the poor capacity utilization and insufficient cyclability of TiO2/C anodes for lithium-ion batteries, we synthesized branch-like TiO2@mesoporous carbon nanofibers (TiO2@MCNFs) as free-standing anodes via electrospinning technique, hydrothermal treatment and a subsequent carbonization process, where anatase TiO2 branches were densely embedded on the mesoporous carbon nanofiber trunks. Due to the copious highly-exposed TiO2 nanocrystal lattices on the branch except for the trunk support, the abundant intrinsic crystal channels for fluent Li+ transportation, and the interlaced carbon nanofiber framework with a high structural integrity and mechanical flexibility, the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites presented a superior initial discharge capacity of 1932 mAhg(-1) and an excellent reversible capacity of similar to 617 mAhg(-1) after 100 cycles. And compared with those of the reported TiO2/C electrodes, the initial discharge capacity and reversible capacity of the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites increased by similar to 2 times and similar to 50%, respectively. Hence, the unique architecture of the branch-like TiO2@MCNFs composites and their superior electrochemical performances may provide new insights for the development of better host materials for practical lithium-ion batteries. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.