Objective To analyze the characteristics and influence factors of high level science and technol -ogy achievement in a certain medical college and to explore the pathway for cultivating and generating high achieve -ments.Methods Collect 164 science and technology awards which are second prize of provincial and ministerial lev -el or above during “the Eleventh Five” period in a certain medical college .SPSS16.0 software was used to analyze data, descriptive statistics, chi -square analysis, and binary logistic regression were applied to explore the character -istics and influence factors of the high level awards .Results Single factor analysis showed that the level of the sci -ence and technology award was related to key discipline , interdisciplinary research , funded by national important re -search projects, Natural Science Foundation of China or horizontal cooperation task , length of time of study, the num-ber of published papers , number of SCI, and SCI papers impact factor scores .Logistic regression statistical analysis showed that Natural Science Foundation of China , length of time of study and the number of SCI papers published was involved.Conclusion For cultivating high level awards , we should focus on the achievements in key discipline , im-prove the quality of research on Natural Science Foundation of China , cultivate achievements based on interdiscipli -nary cooperation, create active academic setting , obey the laws of science, and increase the number of SCI papers .

目的 对比分析手术切除与微波引导下经皮穿刺微波凝固治疗(percutaneous puncture of microwave coagulation therapy,PMCT)治疗原发性小肝癌(直径≤5 cm)患者的焦虑和抑郁状况.方法 将250例原发性小肝癌患者按照治疗方法的不同分成手术切除组(n=126)和PMCT组(n=124),应用医院焦虑抑郁量表(hospital anxiety and depression scale,HADS)对两组患者术前确诊时、术后2周、术后1月、3月、6月和9月的焦虑和抑郁状况进行对比分析.结果 两组患者均表现有焦虑和抑郁症状,但PMCT组各时点焦虑和抑郁症状发生率均低于手术切除组;两组患者术前确诊时抑郁症状评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);其余时点两种情绪症状比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);PMCT组患者焦虑和抑郁症状发生率随时间的延长逐渐降低,且与术前确诊时评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);手术切除组患者各时点焦虑症状发生率随时间的延长逐渐降低,抑郁发生率则先升后降,术后1月的抑郁评分与术前确诊时比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),其他时点两种情绪症状评 分与术前确诊时比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 两组患者均发生了焦虑和抑郁等情绪障碍,但PMCT组患者焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率较手术切除组低,术后情绪障碍恢复也较手术切除组快,加强临床心理干预性治疗有助于缓解患者情绪障碍,提高生命质量.

目的 比较手术切除与经皮穿刺的微波凝固消融(Percutaneous Puncture of Microwave Coagulation Therapy,PMCT)治疗肿瘤直径≤5 cm的原发性小肝癌患者生命质量.方法 应用肝癌患者生命质量测定量表(2.0版)(Quality of Life With Liver Cancer,QOL-LC-V2.0)于治疗前确诊时、治疗后2周、1月、3月、6月、9月时分别测量评价手术切除、PMCT两组患者(直径≤5 cm)的生命质量状况.结果 两组患者生命质量评分均有所降低;手术切除组生命质量的降幅较PMCT组大,各时点的生命质量评分也较PMCT组低;两组间患者治疗前的躯体功能比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),其余时点各功能纬度比较差异均有统计学意义(P≤0.05);时间与组别对患者生命质量具有交互作用.结论 手术切除、PMCT均对患者生命质量造成不良影响,而PMCT不良影响程度较手术切除小,患者恢复时间短,生命质量恢复也较快.

Object To standardize the management of scientific and technological achievements , to pro-vide a theoretical reference for selecting the Science and Technology Award of research -oriented Medical Universi-ty.Methods The Delphi method was used,and 49 experts from 3 military medical university and 3 Medical School affiliated research -oriented university were consulted .Results Experts were of high degree of enthusiasm (Two rounds of expert response rate were 87.8% and 95.3%).Specialist authority coefficient (Cr) was 0.84. Then the evaluation index system and weights of each index were confirmed in final by analyzing of expert opinions and recommendations.The index system was compose by 4 first -grade index as proposal stage , implementation stage, acceptance Stage and application stage , 8 second -grade index and 16 third -grade index.Conclusion The evaluation index system is scientific and directional , to provide our scientists with the direction of research and theoretical reference for the scientific research management .

The authors represented the current status and problems of the clinical research ,and proposed some suggestions for promoting the capacity of clinical research , especially facing the new situation and new re-quirements of the reform of medical and scientific and technological system .

Based on analyzing the connotations of translational medicine and research hospital, the relationship between the research hospital and translational medicine are discussed. combined with hospital practice, experiences on both promoting research hospital building and translational medicine research are analyzed. Suggestions which can be described as setting up translational medicine concept by emphasizing research hospital management concept, improving translational medicine development by building research hospital discipline system and promoting translational medicine development by strengthening human resources training.

The conception and features were discussed of the leading talents .With the functions of crea-tion, guiding , integration and talents cultivating , the view was put forward that leading talents was one of the core factor of superior discipline groups'construction in the hospital .Also the methods of cultivation of leading talents were proposed .

As a new discipline system,the advantage disciplinary groups could improve the comprehensive strength and competitiveness of the hospital in the medical market.In this article,the author described the definition and characteristics of the advantage disciplinary group,elaborated the formation process,the organization forms and management architecture system of it.Then combining with the actual,the principles and strategies were introduced of the construction of the advantages disciplinary group.

Based on hospital development cycle and the core rigidities theory,the authors made a strategic analysis on the building of research-oriented hospital of the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital.They put forward that building a research-oriented hospital is key to exceeding the core rigidities of the hospital and promoting core competence.In their practice,they developed the model featuring innovation culture as the leader,"hospital-institute in one" as the pattern,composite talents as the core,integrated innovation as the mechanism,and high-level medical cooperation as promoter.

The construction of superior subject groups is the basement and core of establishment and development of special hospital.Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital has been keeping on focusing on hepatobiliary discipline,aiming at the therapy demand of important diseases,promoting the transaction of medical pattern,driving by science and technology creation,depending on high level talents and scientific research platform,which has built hepatobiliary superior discipline groups and forming the sustainable development mode of hospital.

According to the domestic and oversea experiences and cases of translational medicine practices,we discussed the implement route and related factors on translational medicine.It is considered to focus on implementing achievement,get great funds as the driving,put up translational center assembled by high level medical scientific research institutes,build up translational teamwork whose member are clinic scientists and establish appropriate running mechanism when doing translational medicine practices.

Compared with traditional pattern,translational medicine shows its specific advantages in medical research practices,and there grown up lots of instructive explore in many countries.In China,problems which can be described as there are not a consensus opinion on translational medicine research,ambiguous of its practice mode,imperfect mechanism and short of motivation on medicine research practice,imbalance on research and clinical service,lack of efficiency platform to integrate excellent medical research resources and lack of versatile human resources to develop translational medicine research.So it is necessary to integrate excellent clinical service and basic medicine research resources effectively,promote versatile human resources training,build application oriented medical research assessment mechanism and highlight on learning excellent international experience of translational medicine practice mode to effective develop translational medicine research.

BACKGROUND:Cryptococcosis is a potential fatal disease, especially in immunocompromised patients. In China, the profile of cryptococcosis is unclear. Therefore, we summarize the epidemiology and therapy of cryptococcosis in china. METHODS:All cases reports about cryptococcosis in China were collected from CBMdisk database (China Biology and Medicine data disc) with key words of cryptococcosis, or cryptococcal infection, or cryptococcus, and case. The features of the cryptococcosis were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS:There were 1,032 reports about cryptococcosis, including 8,769 cases. Among them, there were 16% patient with AIDS/HIV, and 17% ones without underlying diseases. There were 2,371 cases of CNS infection. Among them of 2,068 cases, the treatment protocols and outcome were clearly described. The percentages of patients who received intrathecal treatment of amphotericin B(AmB), AmB + 5-FC(5-fluorocytosine), AmB + FCZ(fluconazole), and AmB + 5-FU + FCZ in each medication group were 10, 43, 53, and 33%, respectively. The mortalities were significantly lower in the AmB, Amb + 5-FC, AmB + FCZ intrathecal treatment groups compared with their non-intrathecal treatment controls (6% vs. 23%, 25% vs. 35%, 20% vs. 30%, respectively, P < 0.05), but not in the intrathecal AmB + 5-FU + FCZ group (35% vs. 26%, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION:The Chinese cryptococcosis had its own special clinical features, such as more patients without identifiable underlying diseases. Intrathecal injection of amphotericin B was effective treatment method for cryptococcal CNS infection in China.

Background: The detection of signals of adverse drug events (ADEs) has increased because of the use of data mining algorithms in spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs). However, different data mining algorithms have different traits and conditions for application. The objective of our study was to explore the application of association rule (AR) mining in ADE signal detection and to compare its performance with that of other algorithms.Methodology/Principal Findings: Monte Carlo simulation was applied to generate drug-ADE reports randomly according to the characteristics of SRS datasets. Thousand simulated datasets were mined by AR and other algorithms. On average, 108,337 reports were generated by the Monte Carlo simulation. Based on the predefined criterion that 10% of the drug-ADE combinations were true signals, with RR equaling to 10, 4.9, 1.5, and 1.2, AR detected, on average, 284 suspected associations with a minimum support of 3 and a minimum lift of 1.2. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the AR was 0.788, which was equivalent to that shown for other algorithms. Additionally, AR was applied to reports submitted to the Shanghai SRS in 2009. Five hundred seventy combinations were detected using AR from 24,297 SRS reports, and they were compared with recognized ADEs identified by clinical experts and various other sources.Conclusions/Significance: AR appears to be an effective method for ADE signal detection, both in simulated and real SRS datasets. The limitations of this method exposed in our study, i.e., a non-uniform thresholds setting and redundant rules, require further research.

On basis of postgraduate education practice in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Second Military Medical University,we put forward the necessity of sense of belonging cultivation for postgraduate from the view of the training quality improvement,multiple motivation of study and hospital longterm development.At the same time we discussed the practice methods,including the consent of hospital,making a scientific training program,solving the difficulties of the students and promoting the interchange between the teachers and students.The good effect has been got in several years.

Clinical competence training of hepatobiliary surgery graduates is a very important stage for basic theory learning to move to actual clinical work.According to the characteristics of hepatobiliary surgery graduates,the following aspects are emphasized: enhancing the training of basic surgical skills to lay foundation for surgical art;cultivating scientific clinical thinking based on evidence-based medicine,developing lofty ethic and sense of responsibility,and improving the ability of doctor-patient communication.In this way,it will improve the graduate students' overall quality and benefit their further progress in the future.

Resident's standardized training for medical students after graduation is an important part of education.High-level physicians could improve the quality of medical care through clinical training.Reading seminar plays an important role in the standardized physician training.Here are our experiences.

外军留学生教育已成为我军外事工作的重要内容,如何针对现有条件下外训教学的特点,改进教学方法、提高教学效果,是一个亟须研究和解决的重要课题.承担多批次外军留学生的肝胆外科教学任务,发现并总结了目前肝胆外科外训教学的一些特点,对外训教学的授课内容和形式提出了一些建议,希望对提高外训教学质量有所帮助.

Objective To evaluate the teaching quality of military health service commanding talents profession training,find the problems and perfect the teaching pattern.Material and Method Take the military health service junior commander profession training class as the subject.Totally 98 questionnaires including 31,15 and 51 papers from military units,specialists and students respectively were collected.The reply rate and valid rate of the questionnaire were both 100%.Epidata 3.0 was used to sort data and SAS9.12 was used for data analysis.Results The general evaluation of all the informants on the teaching quality is high,and there is no significant difference among the evaluation results of them.The deficits including better the curriculum setting,enhancing the practices teaching and broaden the teaching content.Conclusions The general quality is good of the military health service commanding talents profession training.In order to match the need of the military practice,military module should be increased,practice role should be enhance,military health service informational reform should be deepened and the combination teaching patter between academy and army should be established.

肝胆外科学的快速发展,要求外科医师具备扎实的理论基础和过硬的理论联系实际能力。在肝胆外科学理论教学中,融合传统教育观念与现代教育理念,综合运用LBL、CBL、PBL等多种教学方法,建立多元化教学模式,不仅有利于年轻医师学习、掌握和运用相关理论知识,而且有利于培养年轻医师的临床思维和实践能力,有利于调动年轻医师的主观能动性,促进自主学习能力的提高。