A pulsed linear heavy ion accelerator with an energy of 4 MeV/nucleon and a current of up to 10 mA is being developed at the Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Complex of Theoretical and Experimental Physics. In the low-energy ion beam transportation channel (LEBT), immediately after the laser source, refining of the target ion fraction with a ratio A/Z = 4–8 from the initially formed beam with a wide charge spectrum and matching of the transverse characteristics of the beam during injection into the RFQ accelerating section is provided. The paper presents the results of modeling improved designs of a pulsed solenoid and two constant-current deflecting electromagnets with a rotation angle of 60°. The optimization of the structures was carried out taking into account the results of dynamic calculations performed by modeling the movement of ions in the 3D distribution of the magnetic field throughout the LEBT channel from its entrance to the exit, and correction of power supply modes.

Possible designs of an undulator structure based on permanent magnets with an alternating field are discussed. The material chosen was a rare earth (Rare Earth Permanent Magnet, REPM) alloy Nd–Fe–B, which has a significantly higher residual magnetization compared to the Sm–Co alloy and is capable of providing increased coercivity. Among the most effective designs, in addition to the hybrid dipole magnet, it is preferable in practice to use an implicit multipole of both sector and rod types as well as one manufactured using QSM technology. The paper presents the spectra of the longitudinal field distribution in the regular part of various undulator structures.

At the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” (Kurchatov Complex for Theoretical and Experimental Physics), the pulsed linear resonant heavy ion accelerator is being developed. The Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) channel transports the beam from a laser-plasma source of multi-charged ions with an A/Z ratio from 4 to 8 (up to Bi27+) to the RFQ. This paper shares the results of the beam dynamics simulation of the LEBT, which ensures the separation of the working fraction of the ion beam and its matching with the RFQ.

The project of the complex for studying ionizing radiation exposure from outer space based on the synchrotron accelerator of protons and various types of ions up to 209Bi is being developed at the Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute ofExperimental Physics (FSUE RFNC - VNIIEF). The accelerator includes two injection complexes (one of which is the source of protons and light ions, the second - heavy ions), the booster accelerator and the main synchrotron. The pulsed type heavy ions linac is being developed at the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” - KCTEF (Kurchatov Complex for Theoretical and Experimental Physics). The ions with mass-to-charge ratio 4÷8 with current of 10 mA will be accelerated up to 4 MeV/u. The linac is proposed, including the RFQ and two DTL sections operating at multiple frequencies. Each DTL section is modular and consists of individually phased H-type resonators (IH-DTLs). Quadrupole lenses located between the resonators for the beam focusing. This DTL structure ensures the accelerator compactness and allows section-by-section configuration and sequential commissioning. 6D beam matching between all sections of the linac is carried out. The results ofbeam dynamics simulation in linear accelerator are presented.

A linear resonant pulsed accelerator of heavy ions with an energy of 4 MeV/nucleon, an operating frequency of 162.5 MHz, and a current of up to 10 mA is being developed at the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” (the Kurchatov Complex of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (KCTEP)). The high-energy beam transport (HEBT) channel is designed for transporting a beam of accelerated ions with A/Z = 4–8 to the ion stripping target before their injection into the booster. The main channel elements and their parameters, which provide transversal beam focusing and minimize the momentum spread of particles, have been determined. Some results of dynamic calculations in the HEBT channel with the use of three-dimensional models for the spatial distribution of a magnetic quadrupole lens field and an electrical debuncher field are presented.

The HEBT channel is designed for transportation of 4 MeV/u energy ion beams with Z/A = 1/4–1/8 from linac to stripping target to prepare the beam for injection into the booster. The channel consists of magnetic quadrupole lenses providing transverse focusing of the beam and the debuncher to reduce the particles momentum spread to ±0.3

The results of synthesis and electromagnetic calculation of a hybrid quadrupole lens for a proton linear accelerator of the DARIA compact neutron source are presented. The lens includes a permanent magnet quadrupole with a fixed magnetic field gradient and an auxiliary electromagnetic quadrupole excited by a pulsed current. The permanent magnet quadrupole is made of a radiation resistant rare-earth magnet and the electromagnetic quadrupole is designed to compensate for permanent magnet magnetization losses resulting from radiation degradation as neutron fluence accumulates during accelerator operation. A hybrid quadrupole lens can be applied for fast adjustment of the focusing channel as well as for transporting the accelerated ion beams with different ion mass-to-charge ratios.

Within the scope of the DARIA project (neutron source Dedicated to Academic Research and Industrial Application), a pulsed proton accelerator is being developed at the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” (Kurchatov Complex for Theoretical and Experimental Physics). The accelerator features an operating frequency of 162.5 MHz, a current of 100 mA, and an energy of 13 MeV. The linac consists of two sections, namely a section with a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ), which provides focusing, bunching, and accelerating beam, and a section with a drift tube linac (DTL). This article is dedicated to the development of the DTL section, which is subject to several key requirements. To fulfill these requirements, an accelerating structure comprising a chain of multi-gap cavities, capable of producing high-frequency fields, is selected. The optimal number of gaps in the cavities is determined based on an assessment of the section’s requirements. Additionally, the choice of the focusing system and focusing elements is carefully considered. Various configurations of focusing periods are analyzed to arrive at a suitable option for the section. Furthermore, the article presents the results from simulations of beam dynamics, including the study of Coulomb forces on particle dynamics in the DTL section. The growth of the emittance in the DTL section is analyzed, and the capabilities of the section for a wide range of input current and input beam emittance are examined.

The LEBT channel is designed for transporting a beam of multiply charged ions with A / Z from 4 to 8 (up to _^209Bi_^27 + from the laser source of heavy ions and 70 kV extractor system to the initial part of the linear accelerator. The LEBT consists of the transport line for separation of the main ion beam, and the section for beam matching with the accelerating section RFQ. Beam dynamic simulation was carried out taking into account the fields of three-dimensional distributions of the magnetic elements. As a result of the simulation of particle dynamics, it was possible to provide the 4-dimensional matching of _^209Bi_^27 + ith the RFQ, with a minimal emittance increase in the LEBT.

—Design of a compact magnetic scanner, which is intended for uniform irradiation of stationary targets with dimensions of up to 200 × 200 mm with a beam of heavy charged particles (HCPs) with a charge-to-mass ratio of Z/A = 0.3–0.5, was performed. It can be used to solve a wide range of applied problems. The scanner is optimized for operating with a beam of heavy ions with Z/A = 0.3, an energy of 800 MeV/amu, and an emittance of 40 π mm mrad in both a single-pulse and a multiframe irradiation modes. The developed scanner consists of two compact scanning dipoles (one after the other) and can be placed together with other ion-optical elements within a limited space of the HCP beam transport channel to the target chamber, where a two-dimensional irradiation field is scanned. The main characteristics of the pulsed power supply of the scanner during slow extraction of ion beams are also presented and discussed.

Recently, a new high energy proton microscopy facility PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research) has been designed, constructed, and successfully commissioned at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany). As a result of the experiments with 3.5-4.5 GeV proton beams delivered by the heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 of GSI, 30 μm spatial and 10 ns temporal resolutions of the proton microscope have been demonstrated. A new pulsed power setup for studying properties of matter under extremes has been developed for the dynamic commissioning of the PRIOR facility. This paper describes the PRIOR setup as well as the results of the first static and dynamic proton radiography experiments performed at GSI.

The new proton radiography facility PRIOR[2] (Proton microscope for FAIR) was developed at SIS-18 accelerator at GSI (Darmstadt, Germany). PRIOR setup is designed for measurement, with high spatial resolution up to 10 μm, of density distribution of static and dynamic objects by using a proton beam with energy up to 4.5 GeV. In the first experiments with static objects with 3.6 Gev proton, was demonstrated a spatial resolution of 30 μm. Dynamic commissioning was performed with target based on underwater electrical wires explosion with electrical pulse with current amplitude of ~200 kA and rise time ~1 μs.

A proton radiography facility with the use of magnetic optics (PUMA proton microscope) has been developed at the TWAC-ITEP accelerator-accumulator facility (the ITEP terawatt accumulator) for measuring the substance density distribution inside static and dynamic objects using the proton beam with an energy of 800 MeV. The proton radiographic image of an object of investigation placed in the object plane of the setup is formed in the plane of the detector with magnification K = 4 with the aid of the magneto-optical system consisting of four quadrupole lenses on permanent magnets. The PUMA facility is intended for measuring objects with an areal density of up to 20 g/cm 2 with a field of vision as large as 20 mm in diameter. The spatial resolution of radiographic images depends strongly on the areal density of the object of investigation. For the PUMA facility, the spatial resolution varies from 60 to 115 μm at an areal density of 0.46–17 g/cm 2 , respectively. The dynamical state of substance can be investigated in four consecutive radiographic images, since the time structure of the proton beam consists of four pulses, each with a duration of 47 ns (full width at half maximum (FWHM)) and an interval of 250 ns between them. This article is devoted to the description of the proton microscope construction. The main metrological characteristics of the facility are described using experiments with static and dynamic objects as an example.

Proton radiography or microscopy is a novel technique for probing the interior of dense objects in dynamic experiments by mono-energetic beams of GeV-energy protons. A special system of magnetic lenses is employed for imaging and aberrations correction. Using this technique, one can measure areal density of a thick sample with sub-percent accuracy. The spatial resolution is a few micrometers over a centimeter-wide field of view, whereas the time resolution is on the nanosecond scale. Recently an international project PRIOR (Proton Microscope for FAIR) [1] was started for developing of a new proton microscopy facility according to the requirements of the HEDgeHOB collaboration experiments at FAIR. The PRIOR microscope will be able to initially be fielded at GSI for testing and commissioning with the same SIS-18 proton beam as later used at FAIR. Its installation at the HHT experimental area of GSI and commissioning in static and dynamic experiments with a 4.5 GeV proton beam from the SIS-18 synchrotron is currently under discussion. The PRIOR magnetic lens system is designed utilizing quadrupole magnets as focusing elements. The most cost effective quadrupole technology for both fabrication and operation costs are permanent magnet quadrupoles (PMQ) constructed from rare earth permanent magnet material (REPM). Having a small aperture, PMQ can reach high field gradients while maintaining high magnetization. PMQ were successfully employed in proton microscopes for 0.8 GeV proton beams at LANL [2] and at ITEP [3]. A prototype of the PRIOR PMQ with a 15 mm aperture and 238 T/m magnetic field gradient has been recently constructed at ITEP. For enlarging the field of view of the imaging optics, 30 mm aperture PMQs are also considered for PRIOR.

of fast processes and static objects are presented. The time structure of the proton beam from the accelerator makes it possible to perform diagnostics of dynamic processes occurring at rates up to 20 km/sec. It is shown that the spatial resolution of the facility with respect to the sharp boundary of the density of an object with a thickness differential up to 4.5 g/cm will be 8 μm with contrast ~0 .67.

The parameters of a TWAC accelerator-storage complex of an experimental facility for proton radiography of fast processes and static objects are presented. The time structure of the proton beam from the accelerator makes it possible to perform diagnostics of dynamic processes occurring at rates up to 20 km/sec. It is shown that the spatial resolution of the facility with respect to the sharp boundary of the density of an object with