Aluminum alloys are widely used in transportation, power engineering, and outdoor infrastructures, yet their long-term reliability is limited by corrosion, water retention, and ice accumulation under cold and humid environments. Here, we report an anodization-guided interfacial construction strategy for fabricating fluorine-free, hierarchical fractal-like dendritic aluminum surfaces to enhance anti-icing performance. This unique fractal-like dendritic morphology originates from a dynamic competition between localized electric-field-driven pore growth and surface chemical etching. Subsequent grafting of a bis-siloxane-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modifier constructs a chemically bonded organic–inorganic hybrid interface, where the hierarchical oxide scaffold provides structural air retention and the siloxane network reduces interfacial adhesion. Compared with single-scale porous superhydrophobic surfaces, the hierarchical fractal-like dendritic interface sustains a stable Cassie state air cushion layer, reduces solid-liquid contact area, enables discrete point contact heat transfer, and promotes inclined ice crystal growth. These combined effects suppress ice nucleation and mechanical interlocking, yielding markedly superior superhydrophobic and anti-icing performance. The coating further affords self-cleaning properties, corrosion resistance, as well as high chemical stability and durability. These findings elucidate how surface architecture dictates ice formation behavior, providing insights for designing green anti-icing interfaces and the surface functionalization of aluminum alloys under diverse environments.

Bi2O3 as prospective anode active materials for aqueous rechargeable nickel-bismuth batteries, is confronted with limited capacity and cycling durability. Herein, highly crystalline Bi2O3 with a tousled, cookie-like microstructure was synthesized by calcining Bi2O2CO3 precursors. The as-prepared Bi2O3 delivers a remarkable specific capacity of 266.7 mAh/g at 2 A/g and 203.3 mAh/g at 20 A/g, while maintaining 62.6% of its initial capacity after 1900 cycles at 15 A/g. For the cathode, heterostructured nanoarrays consisting of CoNiO2 and Co-Ni alloy cores grown on nickel foam, coated with nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide shells, exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, with specific capacities of 249.7 mAh/g at 1 A/g and 112.0 mAh/g at 20 A/g. The assembled aqueous nickel-bismuth battery achieves a maximum energy density of 34.8 Wh/kg and a power density of 4400.5 W/kg at 1 A/g. These outstanding energy storage properties are attributed to the synergistic effect of the highly crystalline, tousled Bi2O3 anode and the heterostructured nanoarray cathode.

This study presents a uniform silver-coating strategy aimed at improving the thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and printability of liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs). EGaIn nanoparticles coated with a continuous silver shell (EGaIn@Ag NPs) were synthesized using L-histidine as a dual-function 'bridge' complexing agent. The coated silver layer not only guarantees compatibility with screen-printing processes without inducing corrosion on metallic substrates such as aluminum, but also enables high-resolution patterning, with line widths as fine as 200 mu m. The as-synthesized EGaIn@Ag NPs exhibit excellent chemical stability, transferability, acid-base corrosion resistance, and thermal stability. Screen-printed pastes formulated with 10 % and 15 % silver-coated EGaIn@Ag particles exhibited resistivities of 82 and 67 mu Omega & sdot;cm, respectively, without the need for mechanical sintering. This study demonstrates a promising strategy to enhance the performance of liquid metal-based conductive paste for printed electronics applications.

Ag-coated Cu (Cu@Ag) core-shell powders are promising low-cost alternatives to pure silver pastes, yet their high-temperature application is hindered by silver shell dewetting and copper core oxidation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a synergistic surface modification strategy combining “small-molecule anchoring” with “crosslinked network reinforcement.” Systematic comparisons revealed that linear diamines, particularly ethylenediamine (EDA), effectively suppress silver migration via bidentate coordination and interfacial electron redistribution. Building on this, a synergistic system integrating EDA with a polyethyleneimine-glutaraldehyde (PEI-GA) crosslinked network was developed. Experimental and theoretical analyses confirm that this dual mechanism prevents dewetting and oxidation even at 300 °C. Crucially, the strategy demonstrates robust practical applicability: it is compatible with commercial micron-scale Cu@Ag particles and significantly enhances conductive paste performance. Synergistic modified Cu@Ag composite pastes (containing 30 wt% spherical Ag particles) achieved a low resistivity of 35.9 μΩ·cm after curing at 200°C. For stability, the modified powders showed enhanced humidity resistance with a ΔR/R of −28.44% after 500 h at 75°C/95% RH (versus 2608% for unmodified powders), while the corresponding pastes exhibited substantially suppressed degradation during thermal aging at 180°C. These results demonstrate that the synergistic surface engineering strategy offers a scalable route for improving both the conductivity and reliability of Cu@Ag‑based conductive pastes for demanding applications.

Ice accretion on critical infrastructure threatens operational safety and energy efficiency, necessitating durable anti-icing coatings. While slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) exhibit low ice adhesion, lubricant depletion compromises their durability. Crosslinked polymer networks improve longevity, yet the low modulus of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) induces structural fatigue. To reconcile liquid storage, icephobic performance and mechanical robustness, this study integrates polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as rigid skeletal nodes within a silicone elastomer matrix. Direct hydrosilylation achieves a 5 wt.% POSS loading limit; subsequent tetrafunctional siloxane modification increases this to 7.5 wt.% through enhanced compatibility and crosslinking density. This optimized network enables homogeneous nanodomain dispersion, doubled liquid loading, and enhanced storage stability via a solid-phase liquid storage-liquid-phase lubrication-interfacial self-replenishment ternary mechanism. The composite exhibits initial ice adhesion < 2 kPa, freezing delay of 765 s at -20°C, ice nucleation temperature of -21°C, recalescence time of 180 s, and < 20 kPa adhesion after 450 cycles, alongside a dielectric constant of 2.5. Rigorous durability tests confirm < 20 kPa adhesion, with broad substrate compatibility, self-cleaning, and anti-condensation functionality. This strategy effectively balances liquid storage capacity with mechanical robustness for scalable anti-icing applications.

Blue constitutes one of the three primary colors essential for full-color emission, rendering efficient and stable blue emitters indispensable for high-color-purity organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Aza-borondiquinomethene (aza-BODIQU) complexes are known to exhibit exceptionally narrow 0-0 emission as highperformance blue fluorescent emitters; however, their color purity is compromised by prominent 0-1 vibronic peaks. Herein, three aza-BODIQU derivatives Ph-BF, 3Ph-BF, and 4Ph-BF are designed to achieve narrowband emission by incorporating non-emissive steric hindrance groups, which effectively attenuate emission sideband and mitigate aggregation-induced spectral redshift and broadening. In solution, these emitters deliver emission peaks at 462, 463, 461 nm with full widths at half maximum (FWHM) as narrow as 12 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 0.91, 0.92 and 0.94. In both non-sensitized and sensitized doped films, progressively bulkier substituents enhance resistance to concentration quenching, yielding markedly reduced redshifts at elevated doping concentrations. Leveraging dendritic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitization, the resulting devices exhibit narrowband electroluminescence. With increasing steric bulk of the modifying groups, electroluminescence FWHM progressively narrows to 50, 46, and 22 nm, respectively. Correspondingly, maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) reach 0.7 %, 1.8 %, and 2.1 %, accompanied by peak power efficiencies of 0.7, 2.4, and 2.8 lm W- 1 and current efficiencies of 2.2, 5.8, and 6.8 cd A-1.

The pursuit of Cu@Ag composites stems from a strategic balance between cost and performance. Copper powder, inexpensive but prone to oxidation, necessitates silver coating to bolster oxidation resistance and conductivity. Low silver content Cu@Ag composites present a formidable challenge, requiring innovative methods and routes for uniform and dense coating. Moreover, the intricate correlations between Cu@Ag's electrical conductivity and its microstructure remains elusive, necessitating in-depth investigations to unravel the structure-property relationships and optimize performance. Herein, we successfully develop a facile gradient-modulated method to prepare Cu@Ag with a thin but dense coating layer. The Gradient-Modulated Synthesis of Cu@Ag involves initially regulating seed-induced growth and silver layer formation through the gradient addition of silver sources and complexing agents. Subsequently, dynamic control over the grain size of the silver layer is achieved via the gradient addition of reducing agents. Two complexing agents are employed, sodium tartrate as the first complexing agent, which enables a layer of silver seed to grow on the surface of the copper first. Next L-histidine is used as the second complexing agent, playing a role of a "double-sided adhesive" capable of forming link with both silver and sliver ion. Silver ions have been transferred onto the silver seed on the copper surface, then simultaneously displaced and reduced them to complete the coating. The result shows that the synthesized Cu@Ag can achieve a complete and uniform silver layer (29.012 nm) under a low silver content (17.4 %). In addition, the Cu@Ag powder exhibited high oxidative stability, thermal stability, good resistance to solid state dehumidification and extremely low resistivity (10.642 mu Omega & sdot;cm). Furthermore, we can effectively tailor the grain size by meticulously controlling the reduction and displacement durations during the synthesis process. Results indicated that the conductivity of silver-coated copper powder is intricately linked to its grain size.

The flexible electrochromic supercapacitor (ECS) is one of the most promising dual-functional optoelectronic devices. Developing a flexible, robust, extensive, and multifunctional electrode material is a substantial challenge. Herein, novel bifunctional cellulose nanofibers-silver nanowires/tungsten trioxide (CNFs-Ag NWs/WO3) transparent films via vacuum filtration and electrochemical deposition are successfully fabricated for the first time. This study demonstrates an ITO-free electrode suitable for electrochromic and energy storage applications. The prepared transparent films exhibit excellent electrochromic supercapacitive properties and cycle stability. A fast response time (tc/tb 1.7/2.2 s) is also shown when the transparent film switches among colorless, blue, and dark blue. The specific capacitance of the CNFs-Ag NWs/WO3 film reaches 111.6 mF cm-2 at a current density of 2 mA cm-2. Additionally, a paper-based transparent electrochromic supercapacitor (TSC) with an area capacity of 11.48 mF cm-2 is achieved, allowing visual monitoring of its energy status through color changes. The transparent conductive film developed in this study has better performance than traditional flexible ITO and addresses the critical issue of poor adhesion between functional materials and ITO. In conclusion, this layer-by-layer self-assembly technique offers a straightforward approach to the creation of next-generation intelligent materials and paves the way for the development of smart display technologies.

To address the challenges of combining high temperature stability and low resistivity in conventional silver-coated copper (Cu@Ag) particles under high-temperature conditions, a novel Cu@Ni@Ag core-double shell structure has been synthesized via a facile one-pot method. Utilizing hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent, a uniform Ni intermediate layer was deposited on Cu particles (optimized Cu:Ni mass ratio = 8:1), effectively suppressing Cu oxidation and interfacial dewetting. The introduction of L-histidine as a complexing agent enabled controlled Ag deposition, achieving a dense, continuous Ag outer shell while minimizing free Ag nanoparticle formation. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated exceptional oxidation resistance, with the initial oxidation temperature of Cu@Ni@Ag reaching 446 degrees C, which is 146 degrees C higher than our previously reported Cu@Ag particles. Electrical characterization revealed low resistivity (26.9 mu Omega & sdot;cm for derived conductive paste sintered at 220 degrees C), attributed to the synergistic effects of the Ni barrier layer, Ag shell integrity, and sintered free Ag networks. FIB and SEM analysis confirmed the core-double shell structure, where the Ni interlayer prevented Cu out-diffusion even during Ag shell dewetting above 220 degrees C. When applied in screen-printed conductive pastes, the composite exhibited balanced processability and performance, showcasing potential for high-temperature electronics application and advanced packaging. A stable resistivity performance was achieved with no significant degradation observed during prolonged operation at both ambient temperature and elevated temperature conditions up to 200 degrees C, indicating remarkable structural stability. This work provides a scalable and cost-effective strategy to design oxidation-resistant conductive materials as alternatives to pure Ag fillers, addressing both performance and economic challenges in next-generation electronic systems.

The research on silver-coated copper (Cu@Ag) powders aims to enhance conductivity and oxidation resistance while maintaining cost-effectiveness, enabling potential application in advanced electronic materials as a durable alternative to pure silver. However, the preparation of silver-coated copper powders, especially nano-scale Cu@Ag, is challenging due to difficulties in achieving uniform silver layer quality control, poor dispersion stability, and compromised conductivity caused by interfacial resistance and incomplete coating. Herein, an innovative confinement synthesis protocol has been developed by utilizing a pH-responsive PEI-GA cross-linked network with reversible crosslinking-decrosslinking properties, synergizing with a dual-function 'bridge' complexing agent. The designed confinement growth strategy effectively addresses dispersion challenges while promoting uniform silver deposition through synergistic ion migration control and spatial confinement mechanisms, which has been verified by molecular dynamics and ab-initio (MD and AIMD) simulations. Notably, elemental and thermal analyses revealed that the PEI-GA cross-linked network initially forms a sub-nanometer protective layer on copper surfaces, achieving concurrent oxidation inhibition and conductivity preservation. The optimized Cu@Ag exhibit remarkable thermal stability (oxidation threshold exceeding 300 degrees C in air) and favorable electrical characteristics (bulk resistivity of 10.6 mu Omega & sdot;cm), with the silver coating demonstrating exceptional structural stability under thermal cycling conditions. The developed methodology highlights the critical importance of the confinement effect in offering a versatile platform for synthesis of Cu@Ag. Notably, the as-synthesized Cu@Ag demonstrates exceptional performance in screen-printed conductive pastes for flexible electronic devices.

Carbon-supported metal oxide catalysts are highly important for heterogeneous catalysis. In addition to exciting charge transfer and regulating the electronic structure of the active metal component, the interfacial interaction between carbon and oxide can also affect the adsorption/desorption of reactants. Thus, the construction of electronic metal-support interactions for fine-tuning the performance and selectivity of the resulting heterogeneous catalysts has received widespread attention in recent years. Herein, a one-pot strategy is used to fabricate a novel porous carbon-metal oxide catalyst by pyrolyzing a Co-SiO2@Co-MOF-74 composite precursor and etching the SiO2 template. Notably, tunable carbon channels with encapsulated cobalt clusters are formed in situ, and a defined strong electronic interaction between them is demonstrated. Owing to the strong interfacial interaction in this unique microreactor, cobalt oxide clusters can be anchored in a highly dispersed state to provide hierarchical carbon pores and promote charge transfer from the carbon channel to the metal sites. This process leads to enhanced reactant adsorption and activation, thereby promoting the catalytic activity of C-H bond oxidation in toluene. Under optimized conditions, Co-MSC-2 afforded 28 % conversion of toluene and 96 % selectivity for benzaldehyde, and the catalyst maintained remarkable stability. Our research proposes a new type of strong electronic oxide-carbon interaction for developing effective catalysts for C-H bond oxidation.

The potential use of n-type small organic molecules in electrodes has attracted significant attention in organic electronics owing to the easy, high-yield purification processes of organic compounds. However, only few studies have reported high-efficiency supercapacitors based on n-type organic materials. Nevertheless, most n-type organic compounds possess low capacitance and poor cycling efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to develop n-type organic compounds that demonstrate good electrochemical properties for use in electrodes. Herein, both the (E)-N-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-6,6,10,10-tetramethyl-4-phenyl-6,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-5H-6a,9-methanobenzo[H]quinazolin-2-amine (TPAB) and (E)-N-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-4-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-6,6,10,10-tetramethyl-6,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-5H-6a,9-methanobenzo [h]quinazolin-2-amine (TPANB) compounds containing electrochromic (EC) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) groups were synthesized from triphenylamine (TPA) and quinazoline derivatives, and their structure and properties were investigated. These novel electrode materials demonstrate high EC and fluorescence performance just as a typical n-type semiconductor. The coloring time of a TPANB film is 4.00 s, whereas the bleaching time is 3.00 s. Compared with TPANB, TPAB electrode material demonstrate a high area-specific capacitance (2.38 mF cm−2 at 0.05 mA cm−2), outstanding the charge and discharge rate performance (93

The Cu@Ag core-shell particles are the highly anticipated functional materials in electronic applications which are required to be high electrical conductivity, good thermal properties and low cost. However, it remains a challenge to obtain a completely and uniformly coated Ag shell in low silver content. During the coating process, it is essential to regulate the reduction of Ag+ on the surface of Cu to ensure uniformly silver shell. We developed a strategy to prepare uniformly coated Cu@Ag particles by employing hydroxy acids as complexing agents with "double-sided adhesive" function. Compared to conventional complexing agents, the employed hydroxy acids can not only coordinate with Ag+ but also complex with Cu due to the more carboxyl and hydroxyl groups which act like a "double-sided adhesive", that can pull Ag+ to the surface of Cu, and then accomplish the coating of Ag with replacement and reduction reaction. The impact of different types of hydroxy acids as complexing agents on the coating effect of silver-clad copper powder was investigated when the silver addition was 15 %. Results indicated that the obtained Cu@Ag particles with tannic acid as complexing agent show high coating quality layer with low surface sliver content (11.4 %). Moreover, the obtained Cu@Ag particles exhibit good dispersibility, promising thermal stability and low electrical resistivity (30 mu Omega & sdot;cm).

In the context of advancing flexible electronic technologies, conductive ink has garnered significant scholarly interest. Wherein, metal-organic decomposition (MOD) ink composed of silver precursors, complexing agents, and volatile organic solvents, has been widely studied due to its advantages such as simple preparation, long shelf life, high jetting stability, and low-temperature processing. However, the volumetric reduction of MOD ink frequently surpasses 80

Conductive silver paste, as the key component for various electronic devices, consists of silver filler, binder, solvent and additive. The rising demand of flexible electronics stimulates the development of low-temperature curing pastes. However, creating a fully conductive channel between the silver powders is very challenging due to its poor dispersion and weak interconnection properties. The trade-off between high electrical conductivity and low sintering temperature is major issue to be resolved. To achieve the low temperature sintering between silver particles, partly replacement of silver with Ag 2 O may become an implementable solution as the self-reduction of Ag 2 O can yield silver nanoparticle and hence connect the conductive silver pathway. Herein, a novel cocklebur Ag 2 O is prepared and applied to the silver pastes. The unique morphology of the Ag 2 O is characterized as the aggregate of nano-particles (10–30 nm) and presence of small bulges on the surface, which can aid to obtain the low temperature reduction of Ag 2 O and hence improve the interconnection with silver. The influences of the synthetic temperature, molar ratio of reactants and surfactant on the morphology have been investigated in details. And thermal analysis indicates that the Ag 2 O particles can be self-reduced under a low temperature of approximately 160 °C. Scanning electron microscope images show an interconnected and fully cured morphology of the paste film with the synthesized Ag 2 O particles. Moreover, as the cocklebur Ag 2 O based paste has been applied to flexible electrode, outstanding properties of great adhesion, hardness, and bending durability could be observed, indicating its promising potential in the field of flexible electronics.

Aqueous rechargeable nickel–bismuth batteries have surfaced as a prospective energy storage and conversion system because of their merits of good safety, high power density, and low cost.

"互联网+"环境下,教育的信息化带来了教育理念的创新和教学模式的变革.混合式教学模式整合了教学过程中各个要素,将信息技术引入课程教与学全过程,网络在线教学和传统课堂教学相得益彰.本文依托超星学习通智慧教学工具,构建了"化工原理"课程的线上线下混合式教学模式,设计了课前线上自学,课中线下解析,课后线上提升的教学过程,并结合过程化评价和超星学习通的大数据采集,及时调整教学方式和教学活动.实践证明,混合式教学模式是当前教学过程中最有效的方式之一,对提高学生学习化工原理课程的兴趣、课程知识的掌握程度、自主学习能力和高阶思维能力均有明显促进作用.

Novel monomer TPACz containing carbazole and TPA active groups was synthesized. The monomer TPACz exhibited fluorescence emission in both solid and dilute solutions. P(TPACz) and P(TPACz)/WO 3 coralloid porous electrochromic electrode material were prepared by electropolymerization. The P(TPACz)/WO 3 coralloid porous composite electrode material exhibited independent electrochromic properties in the positive potential range (0-1.7 V) (faint yellow at neutral state and cambridge blue at oxidation state) and negative potential range (-1.8-0 V) with the color of the film changing from light yellow to dark blue. At the same time, the electrochemical properties of P(TPACz) and P(TPACz)/WO 3 composite material ware tested. It is noteworthy that the P(TPACz) and P(TPACz)/WO 3 coralloid porous electrochromic composite electrode materials exhibit both n-type and p-type doped electrochemical properties. Especially, P(TPACz) and P(TPACz)/WO 3 exhibit excellent capacitive properties in the n-doped state. According to its GCD curve, P(TPACz) has a long charge and discharge time in the n-doped state with the ratio capacitance is 16.6 mF cm -2 at 0.01mA cm -2 current density. For P(TPACz)/WO 3 nanocomposite electrode material，the area ratio capacitance is 1.94 mF cm -2 in the positive potential window of 0-0.8 V. And the area ratio capacitance is 33.3 mF cm -2 in the negative potential window area ratio of -1.8-0 V. Therefore, the design and effects of the nanocomposite material can broaden application range of electrochromic electrode materials and provide new strategies for energy saving material design.

无机化学是化工与制药工程学院一门重要的专业基础课,该课程不仅具有完备的知识体系,还蕴含着丰富的思政元素.本文结合无机化学的课程特点,简要分析了开展无机化学课程思政的重要性和必要性,探索无机化学课程思政的实践路径,构建无机化学育人新模式,营造育人新生态,全面提升人才培养水平.