Coordinating socioeconomic development and environmental conservation is es-sential for ensuring sustainable development.Previous studies have primarily focused on evaluating key dimensions of coordination,i.e.,performance alignment and progress syn-chronization,in isolation,thus limiting a comprehensive understanding.Assessment methods also face limitations because of the lack of reliable and comparable performance evaluation criteria,insufficient differentiation in coordination measurement,and symmetry issues that conceal distinct coordination patterns.To address these gaps,a dual-dimensional coordina-tion analytical framework is developed in which Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)-based criteria and refined coordination measurement methods are incorporated.Application of this framework to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau reveals that environmental and socioeconomic goal achievement increased by 15％from 2000 to 2020,reaching 59％and 41％,respectively.The degree of performance alignment remained moderate,and progress synchronization was generally high,with both improving over time despite persistent regional disparities.Under the assumption of SDG achievement by 2030,projections indicate that only counties on the eastern plateau and in parts of Lhasa are likely to sustain coordinated progress,while 51％of counties face dual-dimensional coordination challenges,which poses barriers to SDG at-tainment.These findings highlight the need for phased and region-specific policy strategies.This framework provides a systematic approach for analysing coordination challenges and guiding policy formulation,with broader applicability across regions.

Identifying a flood risk management (FRM) performance evaluation method that aligns with the sustainable development goals of the natural-social complex ecosystem is essential for effective and timely responses to flood risks. Using the Taihu Lake Basin (TLB) as a case study, this research systematically examines the evolving needs of FRM under climate change and proposes a performance evaluation method based on Nature-based Solutions (NbS). The method covers multiple dimensions including flood resources, socio-economic, and environmental factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to assess changes in the FRM level in TLB from 2010 to 2020. The key findings are as follows: First, FRM in TLB demonstrated a nonlinear upward trend, with the comprehensive FRM score increasing from 1.07 to 9.01, and marked differences in performance observed before and after 2016. Second, from 2010 to 2016, the annual growth rate of the comprehensive score reached 30.27%. Lower scores in ecological protection and agricultural flood control reveal an imbalanced focus on infrastructure. Third, from 2016 to 2020, after the introduction of NbS into basin-level FRM, the components related to natural ecology, ecological environment, and agricultural production resilience recorded annual growth rates of 45.34%, 36.93%, and 179.80%, respectively. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating NbS into FRM and adapting policies in response to climate-induced flood risks. This study offers a structured approach to FRM, contributes to sustainable development planning in TLB, and serves as a reference for similar regions.

The global biodiversity loss is one of the greatest challenges in 21st century. Based on the report by Australian experts at 2025 China-Australia Workshop on Environmental Protection and Biodiversity, a comprehensive review and introduction were conducted on the current status of biodiversity in Australia􀆳s major biota, the influencing factors or main threats to endangered species, possible future trends, and corresponding conservation or management strategies. In order to provide scientific and decision-making supports for strengthening exchange and cooperation in the fields of biodiversity conservation between Chinese Academy of Sciences and Australian Academy of Science, pushing forward the work of biodiversity conservation between two countries, and jointly dealing with global biodiversity crisis.

Assessing the balance between ecosystem service supply and demand (ESSD) relationship and identifying its driving factors is essential for addressing ecosystem degradation. While previous local-scale studies have highlighted climate change and human activities as critical influences, their roles at a global scale remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze the global dynamics of supply-demand relationships for four key ecosystem services-food production, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, and water yield-over the period 2000-2020. We find that ESSD relationships generally exhibit spatially high supply-low demand and quantitatively surplus characteristics. Climate change and human activity influence ESSD relationships in dual-directional pathways. Specifically, they positively affect food production and soil conservation in 80.69 % and 72.50 % of global regions respectively; while negatively influencing carbon sequestration and water yield in 76.74 % and 62.44 % of global regions respectively. Human activity primarily shapes the ESSD relationships for food production and carbon sequestration, with mean contribution rates of 66.54 % and 60.80 % respectively; whereas climate change exerts greater control over soil conservation and water yield, with mean contribution rates of 54.62 % and 55.41 % respectively. Our findings clarify the direction (positive or negative), mode (individual or combined), contribution rates, and geographic distribution of these impacts. This research closes a critical gap in understanding global ESSD relationships and provides essential insights to inform sustainable ecosystem management from local to global scales.

A deeper understanding of the relationship between urban expansion and ecosystem services (RUE ESs) is closely linked to achieving sustainable development goals and enhancing human well-being. Socioeconomic factors play an important role in the relationship, but how they have an impact at different spatial scales remains unclear. The objectives of our study are to clarify the influence of socioeconomic factors on the RUE ESs and identify key influencing factors at different scales. We constructed a multiscale analytical framework, and by combining the correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis, and Geodetector model, we quantified the differences in the effects of socioeconomic factors on the relationship at three scales of province, urban agglomeration, and county in China. The results indicate that the influence of socioeconomic factors on RUE ESs can be either enhancing or weakening, depending on the ES types. Moreover, the key socioeconomic factor at different scales also varies. The interaction of socioeconomic factors with urban expansion considerably increases their explanatory power for ESs compared to single factors, suggesting that socioeconomic factors mainly acted on ESs changes indirectly through urban expansion. Moreover, clear administrative boundaries can affect the relationship between socioeconomic development, urban expansion, and ESs. The findings highlight that linking socioeconomic, urban expansion, and ES changes at multiple scales can provide multi-level guidance for landscape management and planning-related sustainable development decisions.

Ignoring the impact of ecosystem service (ES) demand and ES supply-demand relationship (ESSDR) on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) may affect the equitable and rational allocation of resources and the SDGs agenda. By coupling multiple models, we find that soil conservation ESSDR has lower coupling coordination with SDGs (especially economic SDGs) than other ESs in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region. Food production and soil conservation have negative impacts on total SDGs in 73.44 % and 62.5 % of the countries, respectively, while carbon sequestration and water production have positive impacts in 87.5 % and 57.81 % of the countries, respectively. The heterogeneity may either converge or expand over time. The ESSDR has the most significant impact on environmental SDGs, with an explanatory power exceeding 70 % and being time-dependent. The findings emphasize integrating the impacts of ESSDR into the framework of SDGs implementation in the BRI region and globally to prioritize policy actions.

The high land surface temperature (LST) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pose significant threats to urban ecological environment. LST and PM2.5 are closely related, and land use/cover change (LUCC) has a significant influence on them. However, there is a lack of multi-scale analysis of their relationship under the background of LUCC. Therefore, this study designed a multi-scale analysis framework, adopted the Pearson correlation analysis, bivariate Moran's I and coupling coordination degree (D) to examine the relationship between LST and PM2.5 in different land use types based on remote sensing data, and analyzed the influencing factors by Geodetector. The results showed that LST and PM2.5 have a positive correlation, and their correlation would decrease with the research scale expansion, with the absolute values of Moran's I ranging from 0.229 to 0.577, 0.415-0.754 and 0.551-0.852 at national, urban agglomeration and city scales, respectively. LST, PM2.5 and their correlation were lower in forest and water at the three scales, while they were the highest in construction land, and the difference in D values was about 0.3. Furthermore, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and construction land area played the most important role in spatial patterns of this relationship, followed by population and GDP. At last, the cost analysis of environmental pollution reduction was performed, and this study could provide support for proper public health policy-making and environmental protection in different regions.

Understanding the scale transmission of the drivers underlying carbon sequestration and oxygen release (CSOR) is essential for climate change mitigation. However, the regional differences in the global contribution of the drivers remain unknown, limiting the effectiveness of climate policies. Based on the United Nations’ geographical divisions and data from 2000 to 2020, we show that vegetation, evapotranspiration, and temperature are the main contributors to CSOR in more than 70 % of the world and that there are spatial differences in their action direction (facilitating or inhibiting). Drivers show nonlinear effects on CSOR and have different thresholds in different regions. Significant interactions existed among the factors, either superimposed enhancement or mutual offset, depending on the regions. If regional differences in drivers’ global contributions are neglected, attempts to address climate change in various regions may offset each other. Considering both top-down and bottom-up scale transmission can improve the effectiveness of policy objectives.

联合国在2030年可持续发展议程中提出了17个可持续发展目标(SDGs),用于开展相关的评估工作,以便监测和发布世界各国的可持续发展进展情况.为了更好地落实2030年可持续发展议程,中国自2016年至今已创建11个国家可持续发展议程创新示范区.采用评价指标评估这些创新示范区的建设成效,对推动中国的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义.本研究以郴州市示范区为例,围绕其提出的"三个定位"之一的"绿色转型示范区",通过构建评估体系、数据采集、综合评估等,开展郴州市"绿色转型"的成效评估.结果显示,郴州市绿色转型指数自2015年到2020年呈现稳步上升趋势,这表明郴州在产业发展方面没有留下太多的历史欠债,其生态环境质量得以保持在一个较高的水平,结合注重在民生保障方面加大投入,从生态和民生两个方面为郴州市的绿色转型夯实了基础;在推动绿色转型的效果方面,郴州市的对外开放举措作用尤其明显.研究表明,郴州市已探索出一条独具特色的"绿色转型"发展道路,即以"生态优先"为约束条件,推动传统的资源消耗增长动力向资源可持续利用的动力转换.不过,郴州市仍需加大内生创新动力的培育和壮大,推动以对外开放为主导的创新驱动向科技创新为创新驱动的增长方式转变.

Clarifying the spatiotemporal changes and trends of carbon sequestration and oxygen release (COtotal) is crucial for establishing policy objectives aimed at achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. However, extant studies have predominantly focused on carbon sequestration, with limited attention to the concurrent oxygen release resulting from the same ecological processes, particularly on a global scale. Here, we revealed the historical and prospective trajectories of COtotal in global terrestrial ecosystems by coupling multiple methods. Results show that global COtotal mainly increased from 2000 to 2020 and is expected to continue rising in the short term. In parallel, 20.91 % of global regions are anticipated to experience a continued decrease in COtotal in the future, while 11.78 % is projected to shift from shift from increasing to decreasing. Proactive and strategic policy interventions in land use and management are imperative in ameliorating the burgeoning global change quandary.

青藏高原是我国典型的生态环境脆弱区和相对贫困区,该地区的农户可持续生计问题对于协调生态环境建设和经济社会发展来说至关重要.为了给青藏高原农户可持续生计的实现提供理论支撑,本研究基于可持续生计分析框架,从脆弱性背景、生计资本、结构与程序转变、生计策略、生计结果等五个方面系统梳理了青藏高原农户可持续生计的研究进展.现有研究表明,学者对可持续生计构成要素的现状特征和部分要素之间的作用关系进行了丰富的探究.但仍存在研究内容和研究尺度不全面、传导机制分析不足等问题.未来应重点关注季节性变化和发展导向型政策等可持续生计具体要素的影响,加强多时空尺度研究,探索可持续生计构成要素的传导机制.

本研究基于技术接受和使用统一模型,从绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响和便利条件等方面分析了影响政府政务服务网站公众采纳的因素,以期为建设有效、便捷、实用的有影响力的政府政务服务网站提出建议,为我国发展电子政务提供参考和借鉴.政府政务服务网站是电子政务服务的基础,建设好政府政务服务网站有助于政府部门为公众提供更好的服务.

全面脱贫后,现行标准下的绝对贫困被消除,但多维贫困问题依然广泛存在,成为后扶贫时代扶贫工作的重点.为揭示昌都市多维贫困现状和主要致贫因素,本研究依托第二次青藏科考平台构建了综合度量多维贫困的模型,并通过贡献度分解识别出各区县关键的致贫因素.研究发现,在现有模型下,除中心城镇卡若区外,多维贫困问题在昌都市各区县普遍存在,且围绕卡若区呈环状分布,距离中心城镇越远的地方多维贫困程度越高.进一步的因素分解发现,多维贫困是由多个维度因素共同作用导致的,识别出的关键因素按作用由大到小排列如下:人均医生数、农村人均可支配收入、社会福利收养性单位每万人床位数、道路密度、人均床位数和师生比.

西藏地处我国西部边境,是我国重要生态安全屏障,同时也是欠发达地区.西藏的发展关系到国家民生和谐、社会稳定、主权完整.城镇化作为协调区域发展的助推器,在西藏的发展中发挥重要作用.在城镇化过程中,西藏的人口、社会、经济方面均有不同幅度的提升,全面完整地评估西藏自治区城镇化过程中人口、社会、经济之间的关系以及城镇化质量对于制定西藏接下来发展战略至关重要.文章采用耦合模型分析了2011～2020年西藏城镇化中"人口-社会-经济"3系统的耦合协调关系.研究发现:虽然在样本期内,"人口-社会-经济"耦合度始终处于高水平耦合阶段.但从耦合协调度来看,西藏"人口-社会-经济"耦合协调度在最高的年份也仅为勉强协调,尚有较大提升空间.进一步研究发现西藏城镇化过程中"人口-社会-经济"高耦合度是由于3个系统发展水平过低导致,西藏城镇化水质量较低,尤其是经济发展水平的落后已经开始限制人口和社会的发展水平.本研究研究结论有助于深化对西藏人口、社会、经济关系的理解,为进一步推动西藏高质量城镇化发展提供了参考依据.

Ongoing, rapid urbanization accompanied by habitat fragmentation and loss poses great threats to biodiversity and the ecosystem. Maintaining ecological networks (ENs) connectivity provides a powerful landscape strategy to confront these ecological consequences. However, for rapid urbanization contexts, the connectivity of ENs cannot be well maintained by the current protection system under the impacts of continuous land expansion. Although the stepping-stones protection offers feasible connectivity-based schemes, the degree of their availability in dynamic land expansion scenarios is unclear. In this study, we developed a static and dynamic coupling approach that emphasized a comprehensive ENs protection system should be incorporated into future land expansion scenarios. The system included landscape defects identification which can be built as stepping-stones outside the traditional ENs establishment framework for ENs connectivity restoration. Taking Southern Jiangsu as the application case, our results showed that there were 127 existing landscape defects covering a total area of 285.00 km2, in the fragmented regional ENs, constituting the group of stepping-stones that can efficiently improve the ENs connectivity. Meanwhile, we confirmed that these stepping-stones were vulnerable although they were included in the protection system, with 70% of the total would be degraded and 13% lost due to the encroachments caused by future land expansion. Therefore, we proposed an alternative scenario that designated stepping-stones as restricted land expansion areas integrated into the comprehensive ENs protection system to maintain their persistent roles in connectivity. This study highlighted the weakness of traditional ENs establishment for rapid urbanization contexts and provided practical contributions to improving the effect of regional ecological protection and restoration.

草地是中国面积最大的陆地生态系统,其在保障国家“大粮食”安全生产、遏制气候变化、维持生物多样性、涵养水源、促进可持续社区建设等人类可持续发展目标中具有极其重要的价值.由人类活动和气候变化导致的草地生态系统服务能力衰退、生态功能降低,严重威胁着中国生态经济安全,而问题的产生原因和解决办法又要回归于草地生态系统本身.因此,需要明晰草地生态系统多功能性和多重服务与可持续发展目标的关系,科学研判家畜管理对可持续发展目标的重要作用.据此文章提出4条保障措施支撑未来草地健康发展,为实现全球可持续发展目标贡献中国智慧提供路径选择.

赤水河流域为生态脆弱区域,现行的流域生态补偿机制存在补偿资金来源单一、总量不足且持续性较差、补偿方式较为单一等问题.将政府和社会资本合作(Public-Private Partnership,PPP)模式应用于建立赤水河流域生态补偿机制,有助于拓宽补偿资金来源、增加资金总量、丰富补偿方式,推动各利益相关方收益共享、风险共担.与传统PPP项目相比,基于流域生态补偿的PPP项目具有更为复杂的风险结构,风险因素的正确识别和合理分担是成功运用PPP模式完善赤水河流域生态补偿机制的关键.识别基于赤水河流域生态补偿的PPP项目运作关键环节,甄别各环节面临的主要风险因素;基于云理论建立风险分担模型;将有关风险在政府和社会资本间进行分担.研究结果表明:(1)基于赤水河流域生态补偿的PPP项目运作过程共包括项目准备、项目实施和项目合同终结等三个阶段、共11个关键环节,各环节共面临26个主要风险因素.(2)分析了有关风险因素可能对赤水河流域生态补偿机制或PPP项目产生的不利影响,并指出了风险引致方.(3)在项目准备阶段,政府拥有绝对的资源优势,以政府为主承担主要风险;在项目实施阶段,项目风险总体上由政府承担为主向社会资本承担为主转移,80％的风险主要由社会资本承担;特许经营期满后,社会资本将项目的 经营权(或所有权与经营权同时)向政府移交,在项目合同终结阶段,有关风险再次以政府承担为主.

本研究根据生活垃圾分类政策的实施情况,采用S-CAD方法对上海市生活垃圾分类政策进行了分析和评估,包括其内在逻辑性、充要性、经济性、可行性等方面,以便总结经验,为其它城市垃圾分类治理提供参考借鉴.强调随着生态文明建设的深入推进,我国对资源的有效利用提出了更高的要求.城市生活垃圾分类是提高资源有效利用的重要举措和途径.

为揭示青藏高原旅游业空间选择的格局、过程与机理,运用标准差椭圆和缓冲区分析,讨论青藏高原地区产业分布格局及其形成机制.研究发现:旅游产业空间分布具有明显的集聚特征,形成以西宁和拉萨为双核心发展格局,并随着时间发展沿双核连线形成西宁旅游带、玉树-昌都旅游带和拉萨旅游带相连的格局;旅游产业新创企业数随时间呈现指数增长的趋势,住宿与餐饮业新创企业数量占比最高,其次是旅游资源管理行业,单纯旅游文化娱乐企业相对较少;青藏高原地区旅游产业集聚受到旅游资源、旅游市场和旅游环境的影响,旅游企业的经营活动围绕旅游景区开展,形成"景区—产业"因果循环累计的相互促进关系.

如何以创新发展来引领包括能源转型在内的可持续转型,是现在中国面临的迫切问题,但是现阶段中国创新发展的可持续转型面临政策机制的瓶颈.本研究使用多层次视角方法,从社会技术场景层、社会技术机制层、社会技术利基创新层三个层次分析德国鲁尔传统工业区转型案例.德国鲁尔区经历了先繁荣、后衰退、再转型的过程,从早期仅追求发展的经济效益,成功转型为兼顾社会效益的发展模式.如今的鲁尔区已实现资源型城市从依赖煤炭的能源经济体系向低碳、绿色的经济结构转型.本案例分析为探索我国如何破解可持续发展难题提供可供借鉴和推广的经验.