龋病是多因素疾病,由宿主、微生物和饮食3种致病因素在足够的时间内相互作用的结果,是造成缺牙的主要原因之一,需要开展针对其病因以预防为主、防治结合的工作.随着西药诸多不良反应及耐药性的产生,中药以其"天然药物"的特性,在防龋抑菌方面具有独特的优势,对多种口腔致病菌具有抑制、杀灭作用.中药毒副作用小、取材广泛、疗效显著,应用于防龋及口腔护理具有科学理论依据及广阔的市场前景.本文就厚朴、五倍子、茶、蜂胶、紫地榆、柠檬等药物的有效成分、防龋机制及应用前景等内容进行归纳性的综述.

一、病史 患者 男,初诊年龄10岁11个月,主诉:"地包天"复发.患者6岁时行"地包天"牙齿矫正,矫正后牙齿及面型好.8岁后恒牙萌出,前牙反再次出现,未治疗.现因"地包天"面型,来我科就诊.有伸下颌及吐舌不良习惯,有家族史,父亲有"地包天"面型.

BACKGROUND Mandibular retraction is the main etiological mechanism of class II malocclusion in China and the subsequent distal molar relationship can cause functional discomfort in mastication, breathing and the temporomandibular joint. The use of mandibular advancement (MA) devices has recently emerged as an adolescent mandibular retraction treatment; however, current studies regarding the effect thereof are relatively few, and there is lack of sufficient clinical support. AIM To investigate the clinical effect of invisalign MA on the treatment of mandibular retraction in adolescents. METHODS This study included 30 adolescent patients who underwent treatment with the MA appliances from December 2017 to June 2021. The lateral cephalometric data before and after treatment were collected and imported into Dolphin Imaging software. The changes were measured by linear measurement superimposed with lateral cephalometric trajectory based on the Pancherz technology. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the length and position of maxilla before and after the treatment. The position of the mandible moved 3.13 mm, the length increased 4.14 mm, the mandibular ramus length increased 4.09 mm, the body length increased 4.25 mm, and the position of the condyle moved 1.03 mm forward after treatment. Additionally, changes in the incisor sagittal position and labial inclination were observed. The position of the upper incisor point moved back 1.33 mm, without statistical difference, the inclination and tooth angle decreased by 3.44° and 4.06°, respectively; the position of the lower incisor point was moved 2.98 mm, and the inclination and tooth angle increased by 2.62° and 1.23°, respectively. Furthermore, changes in the incisor overjet and molar relationship were seen. Overjet decreased by 4.31 mm, of which 1.78 mm was due to dental factors, accounting for 41.3% of the effect as opposed to 58.7% due to skeletal factors. Molar relationship improved 3.87 mm, with 1.34 mm due to dental factors, and dental and skeletal factors were accounted for 34.6% and 65.4% of the effect, respectively. CONCLUSION For adolescent patients with mandible retraction, invisalign MA can effectively promote the mandible growth, and it was proven to be mainly due to skeletal effects.

目的 探讨混合牙列期无托槽隐形矫治器的扩弓效率.方法 选取2019年至2021年于青岛大学附属医院口腔正畸科就诊并使用隐形矫治器扩弓的混合牙列患者32例,收集矫治前、排牙预置及矫治后的三维数字化模型,分别测量上下颌牙尖水平和龈缘水平牙弓宽度及磨牙颊倾度,计算各牙位扩弓效率.配对样本t检验比较矫治前、排牙预置及矫治后牙弓差异宽度.结果 矫治后各牙位牙弓宽度显著增加(P<0.05),上颌乳尖牙、第一乳磨牙、第二乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙区牙尖水平扩弓效率分别为69％、70％、71％、61％,龈缘水平扩弓效率分别为63％、55％、59％、47％;下颌相应牙位牙尖水平扩弓效率分别为84％、78％、76％、69％,龈缘水平分别为69％、68％、64％、56％.矫治后上颌第一恒磨牙颊倾(1.19±3.56)°,下颌第一磨牙颊倾(5.54±3.03)°,实际颊倾量大于预置值(P<0.05).结论 隐形矫治器能在替牙期实现有效的上下颌扩弓,乳尖牙及乳磨牙区扩弓效率较高,龈缘水平扩弓效率低于牙尖水平,第一恒磨牙实际颊倾量大于预置值.

Objective:To investigate the size of mandibular retromolar space, and its relation with the status of the third molar.Methods:Using cone-beam computed tomography, the right posterior retromolar region were measured in three dimensions in 86 adult patients with a skeletal Class Ⅰ normodivergent pattern. All patients were divided based on the different status of the right third molar. Distance between second molar crown to the anterior border of the ramus was measured at the crown level and 2 mm apically lower level along the posterior occlusal line (POL, which connects the buccal cusps of the mandibular first and second molars). Distance between second molar root to lingual inner cortical bone was measured at levels of 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm apically to the CEJ border along the POL, respectively.Results:In all groups (no third molar group, normal eruption group, horizontal impaction group, mesial impaction group, and vertical impaction group) the distance at the crown levels were significantly larger than that at root levels. Among all measurement levels, the space measured in normal eruption group and vertical impaction group were no less than that in the other three groups (no third molar group, horizontal impaction group and mesial impaction group).Conclusions:When considering the distalization of mandibular molars, more attention should be directed to the lingual cortical bone of the mandible. The diagnosis accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography is higher compared with that of two-dimensional radiographs. In addition, different status of third molars, whether eruption of impaction, can also affect molar distalization.

Titanium (Ti) is widely applied as bone-anchoring implants in dental and orthopedic applications owing to its superior mechanical characteristics, high corrosion resistance, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, Ti-based implants with the deficiencies of insufficient osteoinduction and associated infections can result in implant failure, which significantly limits its applications in some cases. In this work, hierarchically hybrid biocoatings on Ti implants are developed by gradual incorporation of polydopamine (PDA), ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO), and chitosan (CS)/nanocrystal hydroxyapatite (nHA) via oxidative self-polymerization, nanoparticle deposition, solvent casting and evaporation methods for enhancing their antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. The modification of PDA on porous reticular Ti substrates greatly reduces the surface roughness, wettability, protein adsorption, and provides high adhesion to the deposited nZnO. Further, incorporating nZnO on PDA-coated Ti surfaces affects the surface structure and wettability, significantly inhibits the growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Moreover, the CS/nHA-doped coating on the nZnO-modified Ti surfaces remarkably improves cytocompatibility and enhances the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by upregulating the protein expression of alkaline phosphatase. This work offers a promising alternative for developing Ti implants with long-lifetime bioactivity to achieve strong antibacterial ability and enhanced bone formation for potential dental/orthopedic applications.

AIMS:To explore the involvement of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and M1 macrophage in root resorption (RR).METHODS:A rat RR model was established by excessive orthodontic force. After different force-loading time, the expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and distribution of M1 macrophages were analysed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining in vivo. Then, the mechanism of NLRP3 activation was further verified by macrophage and human periodontal ligament cell (hPDLC) co-culture system in vitro. The production levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, pro-caspase-1, and IL-1β in M1 macrophages in the co-culture system were detected by Western blot, and the polarization of CD68+IL-1β+ M1 macrophages was detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:In the rat RR model, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and M1 macrophages were expressed in periodontal ligament, mainly concentrated around RR areas. Force-pre-treated hPDLCs promoted M1 macrophage polarization and the production of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β in M1 macrophages in co-culture system. When MCC950, an inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, was added, NLRP3 activation and M1 macrophage polarization were inhibited.CONCLUSIONS:In periodontal tissues, hPDLCs stimulated by force promoted M1 macrophage polarization and increased IL-1β production by activating NLRP3 inflammasome in M1 macrophages, thus initiating the occurrence of RR.

Background: Previous studies showed controversial findings for correlation of periodontal disease and cognitive deficits. Methods: We searched systematically for studies pertaining to correlation of periodontal disease and cognitive deficits published between August 1980 and December 2019 on Web of Science and PubMed. We combined the data extracted from the included studies to determine the correlation between periodontal disease and cognitive deficits. Results: Our analysis indicated a higher risk of cognitive deficits in those with moderate to severe periodontal disease when compared to those with mild or no periodontal disease (odds ratio (OR) = 1.38 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.28-1.48). Subgroup analysis showed significant correlations in only case-control and cohort studies (case-control studies: OR = 1.49 (95% CI: 1.24-1.80); cohort studies: relative risk (RR) = 1.33 (95% CI: 1.22-1.45)). Subgroup analysis also indicated that moderate to severe periodontal disease was correlated to increased dementia and Alzheimer disease risks, whereas no significant correlation was found between periodontal disease and mild cognitive impairment (dementia: OR/RRs = 1.32 (95% CI: 1.22-1.44); Alzheimer disease: OR/RRs = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.20-1.90); Mild cognitive impairment: OR/RRs = 1.31 (95% CI: 0.89-1.94)). Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed significant correlations between cognitive deficits and tooth loss, periodontitis, whereas no significant correlation was found between deep periodontal pockets and cognitive deficits (tooth loss: OR/RRs = 1.57 (95% CI: 1.39-1.77); periodontitis: OR/RRs = 1.43 (95% CI: 1.03-2.00); deep periodontal pockets: OR/RRs = 1.24 (95% CI: 0.77-2.00)). Conclusions: This review suggests a significant correlation between periodontal disease and cognitive deficits. Interventional studies for periodontal disease may be beneficial for patients with cognitive deficits.

Mechanically stretched skeletal muscle undergoes dramatic shifts in structure, mass, and function. In vitro tensile strain models have demonstrated that myogenic progenitor cells, including satellite cells and myoblasts, are highly mechanosensitive cells, and respond to mechanical strain in a wide variety of aspects. However, the experimental results from different researchers and laboratories are not always in support of each other. Moreover, some specific molecules or signaling pathways were reported to play distinct roles in stretched myogenic cells, according to the statements of different studies. The purpose of this review is to integrate the researches conducting in vitro culture of satellite cells or myoblasts and exploring their mechanoresponses using in vitro stretching apparatus. These responses will be categorized into several groups, such as activation, proliferation, myogenic differentiation, cellular damage or apoptosis, properties of plasma membrane, transdifferentiation, reorientation, etc. In addition, detailed experimental designs like culturing conditions and straining regimens will be displayed and compared, to interpret some contradictory statements in different studies. Furthermore, the currently known interconnections among some mechanosensitive pathways will be pictured to give a better understanding about the complex regulations of myogenic cell responses to mechanical stretch. Hopefully, by summarizing the published studies about mechanoresponses of myogenic progenitor cells, future directions, and perspectives would be made clearer to researchers in this field.

Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), which are the stem cells present in the dental follicle tissue of the tooth germ and are derived from the neural crest, are direct precursor cells of periodontal tissues and can form the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone proper in the late stage of tooth development. DFSCs have the ability to achieve osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, neural, and cardiomyocytic differentiation in a specific induced environment. Recently, isolated dental follicle epithelial stem cells from DFSCs were also found to have the ability to form salivary gland cells and ductal cells. In recent years, DFSCs have also been reported to play an active role in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases in animal models. Therefore, DFSCs could not only be used as a good seed source for tissue regeneration but also provide new treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases. The study of DFSCs in tissue regeneration and immunoregulation has developed from in vitro experiments to animal experiments. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of DFSCs in tissue regeneration and immunomodulation. We expect DFSCs to be considered for stem cell-based therapies in the future.

目的 对患有原发性萌出障碍(PFE)的患者进行基因检测,确定患者PTH1R基因的变异位点.并从PubMed/Medline数据库收集其他PFE病以增加病例样本量.初步探讨变异位点与临床表型之间的可能关系,并尝试从基因层面对PFE进行分类.对进一步了解PFE发生机制,诊断,分型,及治疗有重要意义.方法 选取与我院正畸科就诊并诊断为PFE的患者进行基因学检测,采用外周血提取基因DNA,对甲状旁腺激素受体1(parathyroid hormone receptor 1,PTHR1)基因使用聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术进行扩增.并对编码PTHR1的基因片段进行测序分析.采集PFE患者的临床资料,包括:PFE患者的性别、发生部位、累及牙位、家族史、异常牙齿、骨型.依据PRISMA指南,采用报道PFE研究的PubMed/Medline数据库进行系统搜索:采用以下检索词:"primary failure of tooth eruption"、"primary failure of eruption"、"tooth eruption failure"和"PFE".对所有采集的资料进行统计分析.根据变异位点所在位置将PFE患者分为三组,分别为:1.外显子组.2.内含子组.3.SNP组.利用统计学方法研究不同组之间与临床表现的关系.结果 对诊断为PFE的患者进行临床检查及基因学检测.面断层片示21根方有一颗多生牙;头颅侧位片测量显示ANB=0o(正常值2.7o±2.0o);根据Frazie-Bowers分型标准,该患者为Ⅱ型PFE;DNA测序结果显示其为内含子发生了碱基对的替换;通过PubMed/Medline数据库共识别报道314例PFE患者临床资料的文献17篇.首先,所有PFE患者均有磨牙受累.PFE同时累及磨牙与前磨牙者81例;乳牙受累者38例;家属未受累27例;另有牙齿异常39例.共记录与PFE相关的不同PTH1R基因变异型51个.结论 从统计结果上来看,外显子发生突变的患者数量远大于内含子组及SNP组;无论是外显子还是内含子突变,双侧同时受累的概率要远大于单侧受累的概率;外显子突变组中累及双颌的概率远大于单颌受累的概率;外显子组中的患者受累牙范围相对更广,常累及至前磨牙;外显子组中大多数患者有明确家族史.而内含子组及SNP组则受样本量的限制未显示出明显特点.

[目的]研究手术先行模式(Surgery-First Approach,SFA)治疗骨性Ⅲ类错合畸形前后的软硬组织变化以及相关性.方法选取近五年于青岛大学附属医院行SFA治疗的骨性Ⅲ类错合畸形患者20例,所有患者均行上颌LefortI型截骨术+双侧下颌支矢状骨劈开术(BSSRO),未行颏成形术.测量每位患者治疗前(T1)以及治疗结束(T2)的头颅侧位片,对近20个软硬组织相关标志点进行测量,并对硬组相应软组织点的变化进行相关性分析.结果在颌面部相应软硬组织的变化中,上颌硬组织变化较大,有统计学意义(P<0.05);软组织点变化较小(P>0.05),无统计学意义,与其相应的硬组织变化相关性差(r<0.6,P>0.05).下颌软硬组织变化较大(P<0.001),有统计学意义.下颌唇部和颏部软硬组织变化呈高度的显著相关性(0.6<r<0.8,P<0.001),尤其下牙槽座点和颏部的软硬组织变化相关性较强(r>0.8,P<0.001).结论骨性Ⅲ类患者经SFA治疗后,其软硬组织相关性表现为:上颌软硬组织变化相关性较差;下颌软硬组织变化有相关性,尤其下牙槽座点和颏部软硬组织变化呈高度显著相关性.

目的 评估骨性Ⅲ类患者手术先行治疗后上气道及周围组织变化,以整体评估治疗后上气道及周围组织的短期和长期变化.方法 选取近五年于青岛大学附属医院行手术先行治疗的骨性Ⅲ患者30例,测量患者术前一个月(T0)、术后一个月(T1)及矫治结束时(T2)的头颅定位侧位片.以FH、MP、SV平面作为头影测量的基准平面,分别测量气道项目:鼻咽(Nph)、口咽(Oph)、喉咽(Hph)气道间隙及舌骨项目:SV-Hy、FH-Hy、Mn-Hy.结果 通过对T0、T1、T2三个时期的头影测量进行分析比较:SFA组T0-T1期口咽及喉咽气道间隙的变化明显,差异有统计学意义;余测量项目Hph、SV-Hy、FH-Hy、Mn-Hy虽有不同程度的变化,但其变化无统计学差异.SFA组及OFA组T1-T2期间Nph、Oph、Hph、SV-Hy、FH-Hy、Mn-Hy均有不同程度的增加,但差异没有统计学意义;T0-T2期间有不同程度的减少,其差异没有统计学意义.结论 骨性Ⅲ患者手术先行治疗术后,其口咽及喉咽气道间隙均明显缩小,但治疗后期均会有一定程度的恢复.

目的 探究手术先行模式在骨性Ⅲ类正畸-正颌联合治疗中下颌骨的稳定性.方法 选取临床行手术先行模式(Surgery-first approach,SFA)的骨性Ⅲ类患者15例,另选取行传统正畸先行模式(Conventional ortho-first approach,OFA)的骨性Ⅲ类患者15例为对照.测量每位患者术后两周(T1)及治疗结束时(T2)的头颅定位侧位片,测量T1到T2期间B点、Pog点在水平向及垂直向移动的距离以及SNB角的变化量:△T=T2-T1,以此作为下颌骨的变化量,对两组结果进行统计学比较与分析.结果 T1到T2期间,SFA组B点前移1.693±0.7375mm,上移2.247+0.9463 mm;Pog点前移2.220±0.8858 mm,上移2.180±0.7885 mm;SNB角增大0.967±0.6230°.OFA组B点前移1.640±0.8433 mm,上移1.513 ±0.7289 mm;Pog点前移1.920 ±0.5967 mm,上移1.600±0.7512 mm;SNB角增大0.960 ±0.5889°.结果 显示两组间B点、Pog点在水平向上的变化量无统计学差异(P＞0.05),在垂直向上的变化量有统计学差异(P＜0.05),SNB角变化无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 手术先行模式治疗骨性Ⅲ类患者在水平向上能得到与传统正畸先行相似的下颌骨稳定性,但在垂直向上的稳定性较OFA要低,提示手术设计要对SFA给予垂直向上的预留量.

目的 比较正颌手术干预下牙齿的移动与传统正畸牙齿移动速度的差异与组织学变化.方法 选取10周龄雄性wistar大鼠36只,随机分为实验与对照组,每组18只.实验组上颌右侧模拟lefort Ⅰ型截骨术,术后与对照组同时以35 g力近移上颌左侧第一磨牙.分别于术后7、14、28 d随机处死各组内实验动物6只,对比其第一磨牙近移量,并进行组织学检测.结果 术后7d,实验组与对照组上颌第一磨牙前移量分别为(0.1180±0.0228) mm、(0.0880±0.0192)mm,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后14d分别为(0.280±0.0256) mm、(0.208±0.025) mm,两组盖异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后28 d,分别为(0.602±0.028) mm、(0.402±0.026) mm,两纽差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);HE染色结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组压力侧透明样变不明显,以直接骨吸收为主,破骨活跃且广泛.结论 手术后出现牙齿移动加速,牙周组织改建活跃.

目的 观察前方牵引器治疗骨性前牙反合的效果.方法 选取我院2010年8月-2016年8月收治的45例骨性Ⅲ类前牙反合患者资料作为研究对象,其中男22例,女23例,年龄6-11岁,平均(9.23±2.31)岁,本组患者均行前方牵引器进行治疗,观察并对比治疗前后本组头颅定位侧位片测量结果.结果:本组SNA、SNB、NL-SBL、ML-SBL角及B-VerT、Id-VerT治疗前后对比均未显示高度差异(P>0.05);但治疗后ANB、NL-ML角及、Co-A、Pr-VerT、Co-Goi、A-VerT、Co-Gn、Goi-Gn均较治疗前显著提高(P<0.05).结论 骨性前牙反合行前方牵引治疗较明显改善患者的侧貌,并有效促进上颌骨的生长且促进下颌轻度向下向后旋转,进而显著提高矫治效果.

目的 研究单侧完全性唇腭裂(UCLP)患者正畸治疗前后自然头位下头颈姿势的改变.方法 选取2008年1月至2013年12月于青岛大学附属医院口腔正畸科就诊的20例UCLP患者(男9例,女11例,年龄12~17岁,平均年龄14.1岁),在自然头位下拍摄正畸治疗前后的头颅侧位片.所有UCLP患者的正畸治疗均采用前方牵引配合固定矫治.分别测量正畸治疗前后颈椎平面(CP)与前颅底平面(SN)的交角(SN-CP),颈椎切线(CVT)、齿突切线(OPT)与SN平面的交角(SN-CVT、SN-OPT),CVT、OPT与颅外水平面(HOR)的夹角(OPT-HOR、CVT-HOR),CVT与OPT的交角(OPT-CVT).对治疗前后两组数据进行配对样本的t检验.结果 UCLP患者正畸治疗后SN-CP(102.53°±5.42°)、SN-CVT(115.33°±6.81°)、SN-OPT(110.68°±5.58°)、OPT-CVT(6.24°±3.42°)均较正畸治疗前[SN-CP(96.11°±4.92°)、SN-CVT(107.13°±5.26°)、SN-OPT(104.28°±6.03°)、OPT-CVT(4.24°±2.32°)]偏大,而正畸治疗后OPT-HOR(86.79°±5.93°)、CVT-HOR(84.27°±7.76°)均较治疗前OPT-HOR(88.96°±6.11°)、CVT-HOR(85.42°±6.46°)偏小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经正畸治疗后UCLP患者上位颈椎更为前倾,颈椎曲度增大,头姿势伸展.

目的 检测半导体激光去除脱落托槽底板粘结剂的可行性,评估其再粘结强度可否满足临床需求.方法 选因正畸而拔除的健康双尖牙50颗,随机选取其中20颗用于脱落托槽的制备.脱落托槽制备完成后,随机分为喷砂组及激光组(每组10颗,以相应方法进行回收),另以10颗新托槽作为对照组.后将回收的旧托槽及新托槽粘结在余下的30颗牙齿上.在再粘结前,以扫描电镜观察托槽底板表面形态;再粘结后,进行抗剪切强度测试并统计牙面粘结剂残留指数.结果 对照组托槽平均抗剪切强度最大,其次为喷砂组,再次为激光组,分别为(14.27±4.57)、(13.36±3.45)、(11.38±2.81)MPa,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组间粘结剂残留指数比较差异亦无统计学意义(P＞0.05).扫描电镜观察显示,与网格清晰干净的新托槽相比,喷砂组托槽底板表面无粘结剂残留,但粗糙度明显增加;而激光组在网格间稍有杂质残存且托槽底板稍显粗糙.结论 半导体激光可用于脱落托槽的回收再利用.

Objective To investigate the the treatment of class Ⅲ malocclusion by orthognathic surgery combined with postoperative orthodontics.Methods Nine patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion were treated by "surgery-first approach" without pre-surgical orthodontic from January 2012 to August 2014.The studied sample consisted of 7 women and 2 men (aged 15-28 years old, mean age 19.7 years), who had obvious mandibular protrusion.2 to 3 days after surgery, intermaxillary traction was used to made the maxilla and mandible together by board;we replaced a rubber band every 2 to 3 days and lasted for four weeks.We would dismantle board and performed conventional orthodontic treatment after patient's facial swelling subsided, and the positional relationship between the jaw stabilized.Results The face type of 9 patients were greatly improved after orthodontic treatment for 6.5 to 19.5 months.Patients and their family members felt satisfied, and their occlusal function returned to normal.At 3 to 32 months follow-up, the postoperative appearance and occlusion were becoming good without obvious signs of recurrence.Conclusions The "surgery-first approach" is an effective method to treat skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion.

ObjectiveTo study the cervical vertebrae posture characteristics of the unilateral complete cleft lip and palate(UCLP).Methods30 patients with permanent teeth were chosen as treatment group (18 male, 12 female; age range, 12-23 years; mean age 16.7 years). All of them had their lip and palate cleft repaired in their infancy. 30 people with individual normal occlusion permanent teeth were chosen as control group (16 male, 14 female; age range, 12-24 years; mean age 17.4 years). Lateral cephalometric radiographs and posterior-anterior (P-A) cephalograms with natural head position of both groups were measured. In P-A cephalograms, the distances from C3-C6 to facial midline were measured. In lateral cephalometric radiographs, the crossing angles of cervical vertebrae plane and SN plane (SN-CP), cervical vertebrae tangent and SN plane (SN-CVT), odontoid tangent plane and SN plane (SN-OPT), and cervical vertebrae tangent and odontoid tangent plane (CVT-OPT) were measured. In order to study cervical posture of UCLP in the coronary and sagittal, Student'st test were used to analyze the data of two groups. ResultsCompared with control group, the of distance from C3, C4, C5, C6 to the facial midline in UCLP were bigger,Pvalue was 0.002, 0.000, 0.004, 0.001, respectively, and there were significant differences among the groups (P<0.01). The angles of SN-CP, SN-CVT, SN-OPT in experimental group were bigger than those of control group,Pvalue was 0.025, 0.019, 0.006, respectively, and there were significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). But the angle of CVT-OPT was smaller than that of control group,Pvalue was 0.002 and there were significant differences among the groups (P<0.01).ConclusionCompared with control group, the cervical curvature vertebras of UCLP is more off-centered from facial mildline. The cervical curvature is smaller and the cervical vertebra posture is more backward among UCLP.